我想在一个简单的网络托管服务器上运行java，我可以通过ssh访问该服务器，但没有root权限。我已经下载并解压了 jdk linux/x64 tarball 但运行 java 二进制文件然后产生
jdk-14.0.1/bin/java: error while loading shared libraries: libjli.so:
cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
该文件libjli.so位于jdk-14.0.1/lib子目录中，但 java 二进制文件似乎无法找到它。
运行strace jdk-14.0.1/bin/java产量：
execve("jdk-14.0.1/bin/java", ["jdk-14.0.1/bin/java"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
brk(0) = 0x7fa16e241000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fa16d87c000
readlink("/proc/self/exe", 0x7fffb04bc970, 4096) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=24961, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 24961, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fa16d875000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64/libz.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64", 0x7fffb04bd280) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/libz.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls", 0x7fffb04bd280) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64/libz.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64", 0x7fffb04bd280) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\340#\0\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=92752, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2187792, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fa16d448000
mprotect(0x7fa16d45e000, 2093056, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fa16d65d000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x15000) = 0x7fa16d65d000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/x86_64", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/tls", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/x86_64", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=36864, ...}) = 0
open("/lib/tls/x86_64/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/tls/x86_64", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/tls/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/tls", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib/x86_64", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/lib", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=4096, ...}) = 0
open("/usr/lib/tls/x86_64/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/tls/x86_64", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/tls/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/tls", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/x86_64/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib/x86_64", 0x7fffb04bd250) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/lib/libjli.so", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat("/usr/lib", {st_mode=S_IFDIR|0755, st_size=20480, ...}) = 0
writev(2, [{"jdk-14.0.1/bin/java", 19}, {": ", 2}, {"error while loading shared libra"..., 36},
{": ", 2}, {"libjli.so", 9}, {": ", 2}, {"cannot open shared object file", 30}, {": ", 2},
{"No such file or directory", 25}, {"\n", 1}], 10jdk-14.0.1/bin/java: error while loading shared
libraries: libjli.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
) = 128
exit_group(127) = ?
显然，java 在我没有写入权限的地方搜索 libjli.so 共享库文件。
谷歌搜索后，我发现了许多类似的问题，但无法使用提供的任何提示，因为它们需要 root 访问权限。然而，我不相信没有 root 访问权限是问题的核心，因为在我的家庭 Linux 机器上解压相同的 tarball 可以毫无问题地运行相同的 java 二进制文件，也不使用 root 权限。因此，我假设还有一些其他先决条件，即服务器丢失。
在服务器上，运行uname -aYield Linux [...] 3.2.0-6-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.102-1 x86_64 GNU/Linux，这对我来说并不奇怪。
当然，我非常感谢任何帮助，并很乐意提供更多信息。提前致谢。
答案1
首先，libjli.so库应该在lib目录中而不是bin目录中。根据您的拥有方式，它应该位于以下两个位置之一
jdk-14.0.1/lib/
jdk-14.0.1/jli/
然后，您需要使用 PATH 和 JAVA_HOME 将它们的位置添加到您的环境中。将这些行添加到您的 .bashrc 并启动一个新的 shell 会话：
export PATH=/home/presencia/jdk-14.0.1/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/presencia/jdk-14.0.1/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export JAVA_HOME=/home/presencia/jdk-14.0.1