如何在 Linux 终端上的整个目录和子目录中的不同行中 grep 多个字符串？

Question 1

前瞻就是为这些而设计的。在 PCRE 模式-P和 slurp 模式下调用 grep -z。然后列出满足 3 个先行条件的输入文件。这(?s:.....)将使点.跨越换行符。

$ grep -Plz '(?s:(?=.*John)(?=.*Riya)(?=.*bug))'  file

$ grep -Plzr '(?s:.....)' .

会递归列出当前目录下匹配的文件。

Answer

前瞻就是为这些而设计的。在 PCRE 模式-P和 slurp 模式下调用 grep -z。然后列出满足 3 个先行条件的输入文件。这(?s:.....)将使点.跨越换行符。

$ grep -Plz '(?s:(?=.*John)(?=.*Riya)(?=.*bug))'  file

$ grep -Plzr '(?s:.....)' .

会递归列出当前目录下匹配的文件。

Question 2

您可以按顺序使用find多个来-exec grep匹配每个模式：

find . -type f -exec grep -q "John" {} \; -exec grep -q "Riya" {} \; -print

这并不像看起来那么糟糕，因为find它将在第一次失败的测试时停止。

Answer

您可以按顺序使用find多个来-exec grep匹配每个模式：

find . -type f -exec grep -q "John" {} \; -exec grep -q "Riya" {} \; -print

这并不像看起来那么糟糕，因为find它将在第一次失败的测试时停止。

Question 3

我喜欢 Rakesh Sharma 的解决方案，grep 和 awk 非常有用。然而，远远超出 grep 范围的匹配可以通过专门的代码来处理，例如以下代码片段中的代码：

# Utility functions: print-as-echo, print-line-with-visual-space.
pe() { for _i;do printf "%s" "$_i";done; printf "\n"; }
pl() { pe;pe "-----" ;pe "$*"; }

pl " Input data file $FILE:"
head $FILE

pl " Results for glark, looking for \"John\" and \"Riya\" and \"bug\":"
# glark --no-filter -a -1 John -a -1 Riya bug --end-of-and $FILE
# glark --explain -a -1 John -a -1 Riya bug --end-of-and $FILE
glark -l -a -1 John -a -1 Riya bug --end-of-and $FILE
pe " Results for glark, inverse, expecting data2:"
glark -L -a -1 John -a -1 Riya bug --end-of-and $FILE

pl " Results for greple, looking for \"John\" and \"Riya\" and \"bug\":"
greple -l --block='(?s).*' 'John Riya bug' $FILE

pl " Results for rapgrep, looking for \"John\" and \"Riya\" and \"bug\":"
rapgrep -e=John -e=Riya -e=bug $FILE
pe " Results for rapgrep, reverse, expecting data2:"
rapgrep --reverse -e=John -e=Riya -e=bug $FILE

这将产生：

-----
 Input data file data[12]:
==> data1 <==
//This file should match.
Hi John, How are you?
Riya, what is your age?
Fix this bug by end of the week.

==> data2 <==
//This file should not match.
Hi John, How are you?
Mike, what is your age?
Fix this bug by end of the week.

-----
 Results for glark, looking for "John" and "Riya" and "bug":
data1
 Results for glark, inverse, expecting data2:
data2

-----
 Results for greple, looking for "John" and "Riya" and "bug":
data1

-----
 Results for rapgrep, looking for "John" and "Riya" and "bug":
data1
 Results for rapgrep, reverse, expecting data2:
data2

前两个具有 grep 之外的功能，但您将用功能来换取速度。在我们的商店，我们决定生产第三个项目 rapgrep，这是一个类似 grep 的代码，可以执行特定的功能。通过 glark 部分中注释掉的行，您可以看到 glark 工作原理的一些详细信息。

如果您有兴趣获得前两个，请参阅以下详细信息：

glark   Search text files for complex regular expressions, grep (local man). (doc)
Path    : /usr/local/bin/glark
Version : 1.10.5
Length  : 23 lines
Type    : Ruby script, ASCII text executable
Shebang : #!/usr/bin/ruby2.1
Home    : https://github.com/jpace/glark (doc)
( But possibly better installed as "gem install glark", after
( installing ruby. Can also recurse.

greple  grep with multiple keywords (man)
Path    : ~/bin/greple
Version : - ( local: RepRev =, ~/bin/greple, 2017-07-02 )
Length  : 2390 lines
Type    : Perl script, ASCII text executable
Shebang : #!/usr/bin/perl
Home    : https://github.com/kaz-utashiro/greple (doc)

rapgrep Require all patterns grep. (what)
Path    : ~/bin/rapgrep
Version : 1.2
Length  : 307 lines
Type    : Perl script, ASCII text executable
Shebang : #!/usr/bin/perl

最美好的祝愿...干杯，drl

Answer