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使用 grep 时将输出显示到控制台

tag-icon • tag-icon command-line vim grep buffer stdout
使用 grep 时将输出显示到控制台

在 vim 中我使用以下命令来编译 tex 文件：

pdflatex\ \-file\-line\-error\ \-shell\-escape\ \-interaction=nonstopmode\ $*\\\|\ grep\ \-P\ ':\\d{1,5}:\ '

这可以将错误放入快速修复窗口中（如果您不使用 vim，请忽略这句话）。唯一的问题是我希望在文档编译时看到屏幕上出现乳胶输出（现在 grep 吞掉了所有输出）。

我应该改变什么才能实现这一点？我已经尝试将其全部通过管道传输tail，但无济于事。

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./main.tex:47: Undefined control sequence.
l.47 \akaka

The control sequence at the end of the top line
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Vim 应该只显示：

main.tex l.47 undefined control sequence

然而我喜欢看到输出，这样我就可以得到一些关于正在编译哪个页面等的反馈......

答案1

您是否尝试过使用errorformat而不是 grep 输出？ CFhttp://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Errorformats。如果您设置命令make（http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Make_make_more_helpful）。

感谢您更新的输出，romovs。听起来您希望拥有类似的东西：

set errorformat=%E%f:%l:\ %m%C1.%l\ %Z

我无法对此进行测试，但根据输出，它似乎就是您想要的。

答案2

你真的应该看看橡皮（打包在许多发行版中）：

Rubber 是一个程序，其目的是处理与 LaTeX 文档编译相关的所有任务。当然，这包括编译文档本身，足够的时间以便定义所有参考文献，以及运行 BibTeX 来管理书目参考文献。还包括自动执行 dvips 来生成 PostScript 文档，以及使用 pdfLaTeX 来生成 PDF 文档。

橡胶会隐藏所有输出（重定向到 .log 文件）和只显示相关的错误信息当被调用时。

答案3

这都是关于输出缓冲的。

你面临的问题不在于如何grep运作，而在于如何运作管道做。或者，更准确地说，如何pdflatex 允许管道工作。它以标准方式使用管道 - 这意味着通过管道的输出是缓冲的。程序pdflatex决定其自身的输出是否可以被缓冲。我不确定，但我认为在这个程序方面没有可以使用的标准选项来告诉它不要缓冲重定向的输出。

但是，您可以使用该stdbuf程序作为命令 ( ) 的一种包装器pdflatex，并根据您的需要调整输出流的字符：

stdbuf -oL pdflatex -file-line-error ... | grep ...

或者

stdbuf -o0 pdflatex -file-line-error ... | grep ...

（为了可读性，删除了转义符并修剪了命令。）请参阅man stdbuf参考资料 了解详细信息。

另外，您还可以诡计 pdflatex（相当无害）不通过使其“认为”输出未重定向来缓冲其输出。该script程序可用于：

script -c 'pdflatex -file-line-error ... ' | grep ...

请注意，整个pdflatex ...命令需要用引号引起来。

答案4

也许在执行最终命令之前尝试tee访问stdout控制终端？/dev/ttystdoutgrep

# example using ls instead of pdflatex in Bash

# all of stdout goes to the controlling terminal before grep
ls -ld / errorfile 2>&1 | tee /dev/tty | grep error

# only grep-filterd stdout goes to the controlling terminal before the final grep
ls -ld / errorfile 2>&1 | tee >(grep --line-buffered error > /dev/tty) | 
    grep error

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