我正在尝试使用以下命令使用 OpenSSL 配置客户端身份验证证书：
openssl ca -config intermediate/openssl.cnf \
-extensions usr_cert -days 7200 -notext -md sha256 \
-in intermediate/csr/ADO-CSR0.csr \
-out intermediate/certs/29-12-20/ADO-CSR0.cert.pem
但证书是空的：
ls -l intermediate/certs/29-12-20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jan 5 17:29 ADO-CSR0.cert.pem
我有这样的配置：
[ ca ]
# `man ca`
default_ca = CA_default
[ CA_default ]
# Directory and file locations.
dir = /root/ca/intermediate
certs = $dir/certs
crl_dir = $dir/crl
new_certs_dir = $dir/newcerts
database = $dir/index.txt
serial = $dir/serial
RANDFILE = $dir/private/.rand
# The root key and root certificate.
private_key = $dir/private/intermediate.key.pem
certificate = $dir/certs/intermediate.cert.pem
# For certificate revocation lists.
crlnumber = $dir/crlnumber
crl = $dir/crl/intermediate.crl.pem
crl_extensions = crl_ext
default_crl_days = 30
# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md = sha256
name_opt = ca_default
cert_opt = ca_default
default_days = 375
preserve = no
policy = policy_loose
[ policy_strict ]
# The root CA should only sign intermediate certificates that match.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of `man ca`.
countryName = match
stateOrProvinceName = match
organizationName = match
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional
[ policy_loose ]
# Allow the intermediate CA to sign a more diverse range of certificates.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of the `ca` man page.
countryName = optional
stateOrProvinceName = optional
localityName = optional
organizationName = optional
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional
[ req ]
# Options for the `req` tool (`man req`).
default_bits = 2048
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
string_mask = utf8only
# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md = sha256
# Extension to add when the -x509 option is used.
x509_extensions = v3_ca
[ req_distinguished_name ]
# See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_signing_request>.
countryName = Country Name (2 letter code)
stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name
localityName = Locality Name
0.organizationName = Organization Name
organizationalUnitName = Organizational Unit Name
commonName = Common Name
emailAddress = Email Address
# Optionally, specify some defaults.
countryName_default = DO
stateOrProvinceName_default = Santo Domingo
localityName_default =
0.organizationName_default = Altice Dominicana
#organizationalUnitName_default =
#emailAddress_default =
[ v3_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign
[ v3_intermediate_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical intermediate CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true, pathlen:0
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign
[ usr_cert ]
# Extensions for client certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = client, email
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Client Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth, emailProtection
[ server_cert ]
# Extensions for server certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = server
nsComment = "OpenSSL Generated Server Certificate"
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth
[ crl_ext ]
# Extension for CRLs (`man x509v3_config`).
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always
[ ocsp ]
# Extension for OCSP signing certificates (`man ocsp`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature
extendedKeyUsage = critical, OCSPSigning
你能帮助我吗？问候，罗纳德
答案1
我想您需要先生成密钥或已经生成密钥，然后使用以下命令：
openssl req -out domain.csr -key /path/to/the/key/domain.key -new -sha256 -config openssl.cnf
然后您需要签署该domain.csr 12、24、36或更多个月。
然后就
mv domain.csr domain.crt
之后，您需要将根密钥和中间密钥以及域domain.csr 文件合并为一个。
我的意思是你需要复制所有三个文件的内容并将其放入文件certificate.crt中
复制证书的顺序很重要！
- 首先是域证书->domain.crt
- 第二个是域上方的中间证书 1 -> middle.crt
- 第三个是中级证书 2，依此类推
- 第四步（在文件末尾）根证书 -> root.crt
如果您拥有 cer 格式（cer 扩展）的根证书和中间证书，您可以通过以下方式将它们转换为 crt：
openssl x509 -inform DER -in intermediate.cer -out intermediate.crt
openssl x509 -inform DER -in root.cer -out root.crt
答案2
我建议你安装一个Windows版本的OpenVPN，并查看使用它包装在OpenSSL上的工具生成CA、server.crt server.key等的介绍。