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将文件解析为块并迭代每个块

tag-icon • tag-icon awk sed pattern-matching
将文件解析为块并迭代每个块

编辑问题以尝试使事情更清楚
我有一个如下所示的文件：

BEGIN  
Block name : Block1
Var names : var1 var2 var3  
var1 32.7
var2 12.2
var3 65.4
END  
BEGIN 
Block name : Block43
Var names : bar55 foo3  
bar55 654.555
foo3 23.4
END 
BEGIN 
Block name : Block66
Var names : bar2  
bar2 33.0987
END

最终输出应该是：

Block1 has a var named var1 and its value is 32.7 
Block1 has a var named var2 and its value is 12.2
Block1 has a var named var3 and its value is 65.4
Block43 has a var named bar55 and its value is 654.555
Block43 has a var named foo3 and its value is 23.4
Block66 has a var named var1 and its value is 33.0987

我不知道块的大小或它有多少个变量。
我确实知道每个块都被 BEGIN 和 END 行包围。

有没有办法将文件解析为单独的块并循环遍历它们？
内容如下：

for block in file; do
    block_name=$(echo $block | grep 'Block' | cut -d ":" -f2)
    vars=$(echo $block | grep 'Var' | cut -d ":" -f2)
   
    for var in $vars;do
       var_value=$(echo $block | grep '^$var')
       echo "$block_name has a var named $var and its value is $var_value"
    done
  
done

对我的问题最接近的答案是使用 sed 或 awk 来获取块的第一个实例，然后退出。
我希望从 BEGIN 和 END 包围的每个块中获取信息。

感谢您的帮助。

答案1

$ cat tst.awk
/^Block name/ { name = $NF }
/END/ {
    for (var in var2val) {
        printf "%s has a var named %s and its value is %s\n", name, var, var2val[var]
    }
    delete var2val
}
NF==2 { var2val[$1] = $2 }


$ awk -f tst.awk file
Block1 has a var named var1 and its value is 32.7
Block1 has a var named var2 and its value is 12.2
Block1 has a var named var3 and its value is 65.4
Block43 has a var named foo3 and its value is 23.4
Block43 has a var named bar55 and its value is 654.555
Block66 has a var named bar2 and its value is 33.0987

答案2

这是一种方法：

$ awk '/^Block/{block=$1}
       /foo/{
          printf "The value of foo in %s is : %s\n",block,$2
       }' file
The value of foo in Block1 is : 5423
The value of foo in Block2 is : 6435907
The value of foo in Block3 is : 353321111
The value of foo in Block4 is : 9876543210

或者，如果您可以有多行以 开头，Block并且您只想要紧随 后面的一行BEGIN，则可以使用：

awk '/BEGIN/{a=1}
     /END/{a=0} 
     /^Block/ && a{
        block=$1; 
        a=0
     } 
     /foo/{
       printf "The value of foo in %s is : %s\n",block,$2
     }' file

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