我正在使用 Arch Linux (x86_64)，并且我的 120GB 外部硬盘无法工作。如果我使用 c/fdisk、c/gdisk 或 g/parted，它们看不到 /dev/sdb（我的硬盘驱动器）。其他工具（例如 mkfs）可以工作，但会出现错误。 mkfs.ext4 的输出：
$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
mke2fs 1.46.2 (28-Feb-2021)
mkfs.ext4: Device size reported to be zero. Invalid partition specified, or
partition table wasn't reread after running fdisk, due to
a modified partition being busy and in use. You may need to reboot
to re-read your partition table.
我已经重新启动，使用 pacman 更新，并尝试使用不同的操作系统（Debian、Venom、Gobo、Windows），但它们都不起作用。我相信这是一个驱动问题。
我该如何解决？
编辑：smartctl 输出：
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.12.11-arch1-1] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
Read NVMe Identify Controller failed: scsi error medium or hardware error (serious)
消息：
$ sudo dmesg | grep sdb
[14246.708362] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Spinning up disk...
[14252.213470] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[14252.213479] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[14252.213486] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[14252.214034] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[14252.214040] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[14252.214046] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[14252.214631] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[14252.214636] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] 0-byte physical blocks
[14252.214958] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[14252.215063] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed
[14252.215068] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[14252.215465] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Optimal transfer size 33553920 bytes not a multiple of physical block size (0 bytes)
[14252.232204] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Unit Not Ready
[14252.232218] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[14252.232225] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[14252.232596] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[14252.232602] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[14252.232608] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[14252.232987] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[14252.232993] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[14252.232998] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[14252.234498] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
dmesg 的高级 grep（sdb、usb 和 scsi）：
[32521.781446] usb 2-1: new SuperSpeed Gen 1 USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[32521.798646] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=152d, idProduct=0583, bcdDevice= 2.09
[32521.798660] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[32521.798664] usb 2-1: Product: USB 3.0
[32521.798667] usb 2-1: Manufacturer: Union Sine
[32521.798670] usb 2-1: SerialNumber: DD564198838A2
[32521.812116] scsi host2: uas
[32521.813764] scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access Union Sine USB 3.0 0209 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[32521.815057] sd 2:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
[32531.843903] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Spinning up disk...
[32549.154622] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[32549.154635] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[32549.154642] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[32549.155457] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[32549.155462] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[32549.155468] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[32549.156410] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[32549.156418] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] 0-byte physical blocks
[32549.157097] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Test WP failed, assume Write Enabled
[32549.157297] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Asking for cache data failed
[32549.157302] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
[32549.157943] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Optimal transfer size 33553920 bytes not a multiple of physical block size (0 bytes)
[32549.177074] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Unit Not Ready
[32549.177088] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[32549.177095] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[32549.177856] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[32549.177861] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[32549.177867] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[32549.181122] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE
[32549.181136] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Hardware Error [current]
[32549.181144] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] ASC=0x44 <<vendor>>ASCQ=0x81
[32549.183199] sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk