我已经尝试了好几天来设置我的耳机。每当我通过aplay或播放某些内容时speaker-test，我只会听到非常响亮的白噪音。我知道这不是硬件问题，因为它适用于 MS Windows。
这是我的aplay -L输出：
null
Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
samplerate
Rate Converter Plugin Using Samplerate Library
speexrate
Rate Converter Plugin Using Speex Resampler
jack
JACK Audio Connection Kit
oss
Open Sound System
pulse
PulseAudio Sound Server
speex
Plugin using Speex DSP (resample, agc, denoise, echo, dereverb)
upmix
Plugin for channel upmix (4,6,8)
vdownmix
Plugin for channel downmix (stereo) with a simple spacialization
default:CARD=PCH
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
Default Audio Device
sysdefault:CARD=PCH
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
Default Audio Device
front:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
Front output / input
surround21:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Analog
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=PCH,DEV=0
HDA Intel PCH, CA0132 Digital
IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
usbstream:CARD=PCH
HDA Intel PCH
USB Stream Output
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=0
HDA NVidia, HDMI 0
HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=1
HDA NVidia, HDMI 1
HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=2
HDA NVidia, HDMI 2
HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=3
HDA NVidia, HDMI 3
HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=4
HDA NVidia, HDMI 4
HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=5
HDA NVidia, HDMI 5
HDMI Audio Output
hdmi:CARD=NVidia,DEV=6
HDA NVidia, HDMI 6
HDMI Audio Output
usbstream:CARD=NVidia
HDA NVidia
USB Stream Output
aplay -l输出：
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: CA0132 Analog [CA0132 Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 1: CA0132 Digital [CA0132 Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 11: HDMI 5 [HDMI 5]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: NVidia [HDA NVidia], device 12: HDMI 6 [HDMI 6]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
我的/etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf：
options snd-hda-intel model=auto
amixer info:
Card default 'PCH'/'HDA Intel PCH at 0xed920000 irq 164'
Mixer name : 'Creative CA0132'
Components : 'HDA:11020011,1458a046,00100918'
Controls : 45
Simple ctrls : 25
amixer contents:
numid=29,iface=CARD,name='Front Headphone Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=off
numid=30,iface=CARD,name='Front Headphone Jack',index=1
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=on
numid=27,iface=CARD,name='Mic Phantom Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=on
numid=28,iface=CARD,name='SPDIF Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=off
numid=31,iface=CARD,name='SPDIF Phantom Jack'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=r-------,values=1
: values=on
numid=2,iface=MIXER,name='Master Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=on,on
numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='Master Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=99,step=0
: values=99,99
| dBscale-min=-90.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=45,iface=MIXER,name='PCM Playback Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---RW-,values=2,min=0,max=255,step=0
: values=255,255
| dBscale-min=-51.00dB,step=0.20dB,mute=0
numid=14,iface=MIXER,name='Surround Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=on
numid=22,iface=MIXER,name='Mic SVM Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=9,iface=MIXER,name='Mic1-Boost (30dB) Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=4,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=off,off
numid=3,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=99,step=0
: values=99,99
| dBscale-min=-90.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=36,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Default PCM Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=on
numid=32,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Playback Con Mask'
; type=IEC958,access=r-------,values=1
: values=[AES0=0x0f AES1=0xff AES2=0x00 AES3=0x00]
numid=33,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Playback Pro Mask'
; type=IEC958,access=r-------,values=1
: values=[AES0=0x0f AES1=0x00 AES2=0x00 AES3=0x00]
numid=34,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Playback Default'
; type=IEC958,access=rw------,values=1
: values=[AES0=0x04 AES1=0x00 AES2=0x00 AES3=0x00]
numid=35,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=on
numid=38,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Capture Default'
; type=IEC958,access=r-------,values=1
: values=[AES0=0x04 AES1=0x00 AES2=0x00 AES3=0x00]
numid=37,iface=MIXER,name='IEC958 Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=13,iface=MIXER,name='AMic1/DMic Auto Detect Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='AMic1/DMic Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=6,iface=MIXER,name='Analog-Mic2 Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=off,off
numid=5,iface=MIXER,name='Analog-Mic2 Capture Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=99,step=0
: values=90,90
| dBscale-min=-90.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=25,iface=MIXER,name='CrystalVoice Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=15,iface=MIXER,name='Crystalizer Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=16,iface=MIXER,name='Dialog Plus Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=20,iface=MIXER,name='Echo Cancellation Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=19,iface=MIXER,name='Equalizer Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=12,iface=MIXER,name='HP/Speaker Auto Detect Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=10,iface=MIXER,name='HP/Speaker Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=23,iface=MIXER,name='Noise Reduction Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=24,iface=MIXER,name='PlayEnhancement Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=17,iface=MIXER,name='Smart Volume Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=21,iface=MIXER,name='Voice Focus Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=26,iface=MIXER,name='VoiceFX Capture Switch'
; type=ENUMERATED,access=rw------,values=1,items=14
; Item #0 'Neutral'
; Item #1 'Female2Male'
; Item #2 'Male2Female'
; Item #3 'ScrappyKid'
; Item #4 'Elderly'
; Item #5 'Orc'
; Item #6 'Elf'
; Item #7 'Dwarf'
; Item #8 'AlienBrute'
; Item #9 'Robot'
; Item #10 'Marine'
; Item #11 'Emo'
; Item #12 'DeepVoice'
; Item #13 'Munchkin'
: values=0
numid=8,iface=MIXER,name='What U Hear Capture Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=2
: values=off,off
numid=7,iface=MIXER,name='What U Hear Capture Volume'
; type=INTEGER,access=rw---R--,values=2,min=0,max=99,step=0
: values=90,90
| dBscale-min=-90.00dB,step=1.00dB,mute=0
numid=18,iface=MIXER,name='X-Bass Playback Switch'
; type=BOOLEAN,access=rw------,values=1
: values=off
numid=40,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map'
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
numid=39,iface=PCM,name='Playback Channel Map'
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
numid=44,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map',device=1
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
numid=43,iface=PCM,name='Playback Channel Map',device=1
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
numid=41,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map',device=2
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
numid=42,iface=PCM,name='Capture Channel Map',device=4
; type=INTEGER,access=r----R--,values=2,min=0,max=36,step=0
: values=0,0
| container
| chmap-fixed=FL,FR
ls -la /dev/snd:
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 440 Jul 17 23:01 .
drwxr-xr-x 21 root root 4160 Jul 17 23:01 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Jul 17 23:01 by-path
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 18 Jul 17 23:01 controlC0
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 10 Jul 17 23:01 controlC1
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 17 Jul 17 23:01 hwC0D0
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 9 Jul 17 23:01 hwC1D0
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 12 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC0D0c
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 11 Jul 17 23:34 pcmC0D0p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 16 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC0D1c
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 15 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC0D1p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 13 Jul 17 23:01 pcmC0D2c
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 14 Jul 17 23:01 pcmC0D4c
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 6 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D10p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 7 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D11p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 8 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D12p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 2 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D3p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 3 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D7p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 4 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D8p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 5 Jul 17 23:11 pcmC1D9p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 1 Jul 17 23:01 seq
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 33 Jul 17 23:01 timer
pactl info:
Server String: /run/user/1000/pulse/native
Library Protocol Version: 34
Server Protocol Version: 34
Is Local: yes
Client Index: 5
Tile Size: 65472
User Name: REDACTED
Host Name: REDACTED
Server Name: pulseaudio
Server Version: 14.2
Default Sample Specification: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
Default Channel Map: front-left,front-right
Default Sink: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo
Default Source: alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor
Cookie: cf41:a508
我的阿尔萨混音器：
/proc/asound/card0/codec#0:
Codec: Creative CA0132
Address: 0
AFG Function Id: 0x1 (unsol 1)
Vendor Id: 0x11020011
Subsystem Id: 0x1458a046
Revision Id: 0x100918
No Modem Function Group found
Default PCM:
rates [0x0]:
bits [0x0]:
formats [0x0]:
Default Amp-In caps: N/A
Default Amp-Out caps: N/A
State of AFG node 0x01:
Power states: D0 D3 D3cold S3D3cold CLKSTOP EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
GPIO: io=0, o=0, i=0, unsolicited=1, wake=1
Node 0x02 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x49d: Stereo Amp-Out
Device: name="CA0132 Analog", type="Audio", device=0
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x63 0x63]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xa]: 16 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x03 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x49d: Stereo Amp-Out
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x5a 0x5a]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xa]: 16 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x04 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x49d: Stereo Amp-Out
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x5a 0x5a]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xa]: 16 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x05 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x691: Stereo Digital
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=0, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=0, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=0, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Default PCM Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
Device: name="CA0132 Digital", type="SPDIF", device=1
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xa]: 16 24
formats [0x5]: PCM AC3
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x06 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x491: Stereo
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x5e0]: 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0xa]: 16 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x07 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10059b: Stereo Amp-In
Device: name="CA0132 Analog", type="Audio", device=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0xe3 0xe3]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
PCM:
rates [0x1e4]: 16000 44100 48000 88200 96000
bits [0xa]: 16 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x12
Node 0x08 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10059b: Stereo Amp-In
Control: name="Analog-Mic2 Capture Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="Analog-Mic2 Capture Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Device: name="CA0132 Analog Mic-In2", type="Audio", device=2
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0xda 0xda]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
PCM:
rates [0x1e4]: 16000 44100 48000 88200 96000
bits [0xa]: 16 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x11
Node 0x09 [Audio Input] wcaps 0x100791: Stereo Digital
Control: name="IEC958 Capture Switch", index=0, device=0
Control: name="IEC958 Capture Default", index=0, device=0
Device: name="CA0132 Digital", type="SPDIF", device=1
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x1f0]: 32000 44100 48000 88200 96000
bits [0xa]: 16 24
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x0e
Node 0x0a [Audio Input] wcaps 0x10079b: Stereo Digital Amp-In
Control: name="What U Hear Capture Volume", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Control: name="What U Hear Capture Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=3, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Device: name="CA0132 What U Hear", type="Audio", device=4
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-In vals: [0xda 0xda]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
SDI-Select: 0
Digital:
Digital category: 0x0
IEC Coding Type: 0x0
PCM:
rates [0x1ec]: 16000 22050 44100 48000 88200 96000
bits [0x1b]: 8 16 24 32
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x13
Node 0x0b [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo
Pincap 0x00010010: OUT EAPD
EAPD 0x2: EAPD
Pin Default 0x01014010: [Jack] Line Out at Ext Rear
Conn = 1/8, Color = Green
DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x02
Node 0x0c [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400701: Stereo Digital
Pincap 0x00000010: OUT
Pin Default 0x014580f0: [Jack] SPDIF Out at Ext Rear
Conn = Optical, Color = Purple
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x05
Node 0x0d [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo
Pincap 0x00000014: OUT Detect
Pin Default 0x014570f0: [Jack] SPDIF Out at Ext Rear
Conn = Optical, Color = Yellow
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=04, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x06
Node 0x0e [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400681: Stereo Digital
Pincap 0x00000020: IN
Pin Default 0x01c530f0: [Jack] SPDIF In at Ext Rear
Conn = Optical, Color = Blue
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x0f [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo
Pincap 0x0000001c: OUT HP Detect
Pin Default 0x0221401f: [Jack] HP Out at Ext Front
Conn = 1/8, Color = Green
DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0xf
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=05, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x02
Node 0x10 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo
Pincap 0x0000001c: OUT HP Detect
Pin Default 0x02216011: [Jack] HP Out at Ext Front
Conn = 1/8, Color = Orange
DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x1
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=01, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x03
Node 0x11 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40058b: Stereo Amp-In
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00003734: IN OUT Detect
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
Pin Default 0x02012014: [Jack] Line Out at Ext Front
Conn = 1/8, Color = Grey
DefAssociation = 0x1, Sequence = 0x4
Pin-ctls: 0x24: IN VREF_80
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x04
Node 0x12 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x40048b: Stereo Amp-In
Control: name="Mic1-Boost (30dB) Capture Switch", index=0, device=0
ControlAmp: chs=1, dir=In, idx=0, ofs=0
Amp-In caps: ofs=0x00, nsteps=0x03, stepsize=0x27, mute=0
Amp-In vals: [0x00 0x00]
Pincap 0x00003724: IN Detect
Vref caps: HIZ 50 GRD 80 100
Pin Default 0x37a791f0: [Jack] Mic at Oth Mobile-In
Conn = Analog, Color = Pink
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Misc = NO_PRESENCE
Pin-ctls: 0x24: IN VREF_80
Unsolicited: tag=02, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x13 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400681: Stereo Digital
Pincap 0x00000020: IN
Pin Default 0x908700f0: [Fixed] Line In at Int N/A
Conn = Analog, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x20: IN
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x14 [Beep Generator Widget] wcaps 0x70040c: Mono Amp-Out
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x1f, nsteps=0x1f, stepsize=0x05, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x1c]
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x15 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00600: Mono Digital
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x16 [Vendor Defined Widget] wcaps 0xf00680: Mono Digital
Unsolicited: tag=03, enabled=1
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x17 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x49d: Stereo Amp-Out
Amp-Out caps: ofs=0x5a, nsteps=0x63, stepsize=0x03, mute=1
Amp-Out vals: [0x5a 0x5a]
Converter: stream=0, channel=0
PCM:
rates [0x5ec]: 16000 22050 44100 48000 88200 96000 192000
bits [0x1f]: 8 16 20 24 32
formats [0x1]: PCM
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Node 0x18 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400581: Stereo
Pincap 0x00000010: OUT
Pin Default 0x500000f0: [N/A] Line Out at Int N/A
Conn = Unknown, Color = Unknown
DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
Pin-ctls: 0x00:
Unsolicited: tag=00, enabled=0
Power states: D0 D3 EPSS
Power: setting=D0, actual=D0
Connection: 1
0x17
我尝试将耳机连接到前后耳机插孔，但在播放声音时两者都会产生很大的噪音。当它回到空闲状态时，噪音就停止了。
答案1
部分答案：
您有标准的 Intel HDA 声音控制器。与此相连的是 Creative CA0132 编解码器芯片（编解码器 = 编码器/解码器）。该芯片看起来有点不寻常，而且 ALSA 已经具备了许多其他编解码器上看不到的功能。
谷歌搜索该芯片发现例如这，看来内核中的编解码器驱动程序仍在大量开发中。
因此，第一步是安装您的发行版允许的最新内核。也许这已经解决了问题。
如果没有，请查看是否有更新的内核源可用这里，并了解如何从源代码在您的发行版上编译和安装内核。 （这并不难，每个发行版都有很多可用的教程）。这里是 CA0132 编解码器驱动程序更改的日志列表。
如果这仍然没有帮助，那么是时候开始调试编解码器内部发生的事情了（如果您愿意的话）。
HDA 编解码器以图形的形式组织，其中的节点对应于 DAC、混音器等，而大声的白噪声意味着在您的声音通过编解码器的路径上，一些不产生任何真实声音的东西也会被放大太多淹没了真实信号，或者因为真实信号没有到达它应该到达的地方。
这里的第一步是使用 ALSA 中的混音器设置。如有必要，通过禁用 Pulseaudio 将其排除在外（因为 Pulseaudio 以不可预测的方式接管 ALSA 混音器设置）。直接使用 播放声音aplay。根据您问题中的信息，您可能已经这样做了，或者您没有安装 Pulseaudio。
所有捕获混合器似乎都被静音，但也调低所有捕获和特殊功能混合器的音量，以防万一它通过我们在 ALSA 中看不到的某个节点进行环回。
然后找出哪些播放混音器会影响白噪声的音量，哪些不会。
如果您幸运的话，并且真实信号被淹没，也许您已经听到了一些声音。如果没有，我们需要开始查看编解码器配置（/proc/asound/card0/codec#0或类似的配置），然后您的驱动程序可能还需要一个怪癖，因此是时候在该驱动程序的内核错误跟踪器上提交错误了。