在我的 Debian 11 上，一切似乎都已正确设置，但我不知道为什么自从升级到 Debian 11 后，无人值守升级就不再起作用了。
当我执行 apt update 时，我发现需要升级的软件包：
7 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
这是我的sources.list：
# #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 10.2.0 _Buster_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20191116-09:57]/ buster contrib main
#deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 10.2.0 _Buster_ - Official amd64 DVD Binary-1 20191116-09:57]/ buster contrib main
#deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib
#deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main contrib
#deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stable main
deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/ stable main
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bullseye-security main contrib
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bullseye-security main contrib
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports main
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-backports main
# buster-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
# A network mirror was not selected during install. The following entries
# are provided as examples, but you should amend them as appropriate
# for your mirror of choice.
#
# deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib
# deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ buster-updates main contrib
我在调试模式下的无人值守升级的输出：
sudo unattended-upgrades --debug --dry-run
Starting unattended upgrades script
Allowed origins are: origin=Debian,codename=bullseye-updates, origin=Debian,codename=bullseye-proposed-updates, origin=Debian,codename=bullseye,label=Debian, origin=Debian,codename=bullseye,label=Debian-Security
Initial blacklist:
Initial whitelist (not strict):
Marking not allowed <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.nodesource.com_node%5f16.x_dists_bullseye_main_binary-amd64_Packages' a=,c=main,v=,o=Node Source,l=Node Source arch='amd64' site='deb.nodesource.com' IndexType='Debian Package Index' Size=1209 ID:14> with -32768 pin
Marking not allowed <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.debian.org_debian_dists_bullseye-backports_main_i18n_Translation-en' a=bullseye-backports,c=main,v=,o=Debian Backports,l=Debian Backports arch='' site='deb.debian.org' IndexType='Debian Translation Index' Size=377020 ID:13> with -32768 pin
Marking not allowed <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.debian.org_debian_dists_bullseye-backports_main_binary-amd64_Packages' a=bullseye-backports,c=main,v=,o=Debian Backports,l=Debian Backports arch='amd64' site='deb.debian.org' IndexType='Debian Package Index' Size=656568 ID:12> with -32768 pin
Marking not allowed <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.debian.org_debian-security_dists_bullseye-security_main_i18n_Translation-en' a=stable-security,c=main,v=11,o=Debian,l=Debian-Security arch='' site='deb.debian.org' IndexType='Debian Translation Index' Size=187892 ID:9> with -32768 pin
Marking not allowed <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.debian.org_debian-security_dists_bullseye-security_main_binary-amd64_Packages' a=stable-security,c=main,v=11,o=Debian,l=Debian-Security arch='amd64' site='deb.debian.org' IndexType='Debian Package Index' Size=266792 ID:8> with -32768 pin
Applying pinning: PkgFilePin(id=14, priority=-32768)
Applying pin -32768 to package_file: <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.nodesource.com_node%5f16.x_dists_bullseye_main_binary-amd64_Packages' a=,c=main,v=,o=Node Source,l=Node Source arch='amd64' site='deb.nodesource.com' IndexType='Debian Package Index' Size=1209 ID:14>
Applying pinning: PkgFilePin(id=13, priority=-32768)
Applying pin -32768 to package_file: <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.debian.org_debian_dists_bullseye-backports_main_i18n_Translation-en' a=bullseye-backports,c=main,v=,o=Debian Backports,l=Debian Backports arch='' site='deb.debian.org' IndexType='Debian Translation Index' Size=377020 ID:13>
Applying pinning: PkgFilePin(id=12, priority=-32768)
Applying pin -32768 to package_file: <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.debian.org_debian_dists_bullseye-backports_main_binary-amd64_Packages' a=bullseye-backports,c=main,v=,o=Debian Backports,l=Debian Backports arch='amd64' site='deb.debian.org' IndexType='Debian Package Index' Size=656568 ID:12>
Applying pinning: PkgFilePin(id=9, priority=-32768)
Applying pin -32768 to package_file: <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.debian.org_debian-security_dists_bullseye-security_main_i18n_Translation-en' a=stable-security,c=main,v=11,o=Debian,l=Debian-Security arch='' site='deb.debian.org' IndexType='Debian Translation Index' Size=187892 ID:9>
Applying pinning: PkgFilePin(id=8, priority=-32768)
Applying pin -32768 to package_file: <apt_pkg.PackageFile object: filename:'/var/lib/apt/lists/deb.debian.org_debian-security_dists_bullseye-security_main_binary-amd64_Packages' a=stable-security,c=main,v=11,o=Debian,l=Debian-Security arch='amd64' site='deb.debian.org' IndexType='Debian Package Index' Size=266792 ID:8>
Using (^linux-.*-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^kfreebsd-.*-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^gnumach-.*-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^.*-modules-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^.*-kernel-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^linux-.*-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^kfreebsd-.*-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^gnumach-.*-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^.*-modules-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$|^.*-kernel-[1-9][0-9]*\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-[0-9]+(-.+)?$) regexp to find kernel packages
Using (^linux-.*-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^linux-.*-5\.10\.0\-8$|^kfreebsd-.*-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^kfreebsd-.*-5\.10\.0\-8$|^gnumach-.*-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^gnumach-.*-5\.10\.0\-8$|^.*-modules-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^.*-modules-5\.10\.0\-8$|^.*-kernel-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^.*-kernel-5\.10\.0\-8$|^linux-.*-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^linux-.*-5\.10\.0\-8$|^kfreebsd-.*-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^kfreebsd-.*-5\.10\.0\-8$|^gnumach-.*-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^gnumach-.*-5\.10\.0\-8$|^.*-modules-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^.*-modules-5\.10\.0\-8$|^.*-kernel-5\.10\.0\-8\-amd64$|^.*-kernel-5\.10\.0\-8$) regexp to find running kernel packages
Checking: gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 ([<Origin component:'main' archive:'stable-security' origin:'Debian' label:'Debian-Security' site:'deb.debian.org' isTrusted:True>])
adjusting candidate version: gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0=2.32.3-1
Checking: gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 ([<Origin component:'main' archive:'stable-security' origin:'Debian' label:'Debian-Security' site:'deb.debian.org' isTrusted:True>])
adjusting candidate version: gir1.2-webkit2-4.0=2.32.3-1
Checking: libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 ([<Origin component:'main' archive:'stable-security' origin:'Debian' label:'Debian-Security' site:'deb.debian.org' isTrusted:True>])
adjusting candidate version: libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18=2.32.3-1
Checking: libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 ([<Origin component:'main' archive:'stable-security' origin:'Debian' label:'Debian-Security' site:'deb.debian.org' isTrusted:True>])
adjusting candidate version: libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37=2.32.3-1
Checking: linux-image-5.10.0-8-amd64 ([<Origin component:'main' archive:'stable-security' origin:'Debian' label:'Debian-Security' site:'deb.debian.org' isTrusted:True>])
adjusting candidate version: linux-image-5.10.0-8-amd64=5.10.46-4
Checking: linux-image-amd64 ([<Origin component:'main' archive:'stable-security' origin:'Debian' label:'Debian-Security' site:'deb.debian.org' isTrusted:True>])
adjusting candidate version: linux-image-amd64=5.10.46-4
Checking: nodejs ([<Origin component:'main' archive:'' origin:'Node Source' label:'Node Source' site:'deb.nodesource.com' isTrusted:True>])
adjusting candidate version: nodejs=16.9.1-deb-1nodesource1
pkgs that look like they should be upgraded:
Fetched 0 B in 0s (0 B/s)
fetch.run() result: 0
Packages blacklist due to conffile prompts: []
No packages found that can be upgraded unattended and no pending auto-removals
The list of kept packages can't be calculated in dry-run mode.
我的无人值守升级配置文件：
// Unattended-Upgrade::Origins-Pattern controls which packages are
// upgraded.
//
// Lines below have the format format is "keyword=value,...". A
// package will be upgraded only if the values in its metadata match
// all the supplied keywords in a line. (In other words, omitted
// keywords are wild cards.) The keywords originate from the Release
// file, but several aliases are accepted. The accepted keywords are:
// a,archive,suite (eg, "stable")
// c,component (eg, "main", "contrib", "non-free")
// l,label (eg, "Debian", "Debian-Security")
// o,origin (eg, "Debian", "Unofficial Multimedia Packages")
// n,codename (eg, "jessie", "jessie-updates")
// site (eg, "http.debian.net")
// The available values on the system are printed by the command
// "apt-cache policy", and can be debugged by running
// "unattended-upgrades -d" and looking at the log file.
//
// Within lines unattended-upgrades allows 2 macros whose values are
// derived from /etc/debian_version:
// ${distro_id} Installed origin.
// ${distro_codename} Installed codename (eg, "buster")
Unattended-Upgrade::Origins-Pattern {
// Codename based matching:
// This will follow the migration of a release through different
// archives (e.g. from testing to stable and later oldstable).
// Software will be the latest available for the named release,
// but the Debian release itself will not be automatically upgraded.
"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename}-updates";
"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename}-proposed-updates";
"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian";
"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename},label=Debian-Security";
// Archive or Suite based matching:
// Note that this will silently match a different release after
// migration to the specified archive (e.g. testing becomes the
// new stable).
// "o=Debian,a=stable";
// "o=Debian,a=stable-updates";
// "o=Debian,a=proposed-updates";
// "o=Debian Backports,a=${distro_codename}-backports,l=Debian Backports";
};
// Python regular expressions, matching packages to exclude from upgrading
Unattended-Upgrade::Package-Blacklist {
// The following matches all packages starting with linux-
// "linux-";
// Use $ to explicitely define the end of a package name. Without
// the $, "libc6" would match all of them.
// "libc6$";
// "libc6-dev$";
// "libc6-i686$";
// Special characters need escaping
// "libstdc\+\+6$";
// The following matches packages like xen-system-amd64, xen-utils-4.1,
// xenstore-utils and libxenstore3.0
// "(lib)?xen(store)?";
// For more information about Python regular expressions, see
// https://docs.python.org/3/howto/regex.html
};
// This option allows you to control if on a unclean dpkg exit
// unattended-upgrades will automatically run
// dpkg --force-confold --configure -a
// The default is true, to ensure updates keep getting installed
//Unattended-Upgrade::AutoFixInterruptedDpkg "true";
// Split the upgrade into the smallest possible chunks so that
// they can be interrupted with SIGTERM. This makes the upgrade
// a bit slower but it has the benefit that shutdown while a upgrade
// is running is possible (with a small delay)
//Unattended-Upgrade::MinimalSteps "true";
// Install all updates when the machine is shutting down
// instead of doing it in the background while the machine is running.
// This will (obviously) make shutdown slower.
// Unattended-upgrades increases logind's InhibitDelayMaxSec to 30s.
// This allows more time for unattended-upgrades to shut down gracefully
// or even install a few packages in InstallOnShutdown mode, but is still a
// big step back from the 30 minutes allowed for InstallOnShutdown previously.
// Users enabling InstallOnShutdown mode are advised to increase
// InhibitDelayMaxSec even further, possibly to 30 minutes.
//Unattended-Upgrade::InstallOnShutdown "false";
// Send email to this address for problems or packages upgrades
// If empty or unset then no email is sent, make sure that you
// have a working mail setup on your system. A package that provides
// 'mailx' must be installed. E.g. "[email protected]"
Unattended-Upgrade::Mail "[email protected]";
// Set this value to "true" to get emails only on errors. Default
// is to always send a mail if Unattended-Upgrade::Mail is set
Unattended-Upgrade::MailOnlyOnError "false";
// Remove unused automatically installed kernel-related packages
// (kernel images, kernel headers and kernel version locked tools).
Unattended-Upgrade::Remove-Unused-Kernel-Packages "true";
// Do automatic removal of newly unused dependencies after the upgrade
Unattended-Upgrade::Remove-New-Unused-Dependencies "true";
// Do automatic removal of unused packages after the upgrade
// (equivalent to apt-get autoremove)
Unattended-Upgrade::Remove-Unused-Dependencies "true";
// Automatically reboot *WITHOUT CONFIRMATION* if
// the file /var/run/reboot-required is found after the upgrade
Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot "true";
// Automatically reboot even if there are users currently logged in
// when Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot is set to true
Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot-WithUsers "false";
// If automatic reboot is enabled and needed, reboot at the specific
// time instead of immediately
// Default: "now"
Unattended-Upgrade::Automatic-Reboot-Time "02:00";
// Use apt bandwidth limit feature, this example limits the download
// speed to 70kb/sec
//Acquire::http::Dl-Limit "70";
// Enable logging to syslog. Default is False
// Unattended-Upgrade::SyslogEnable "false";
// Specify syslog facility. Default is daemon
// Unattended-Upgrade::SyslogFacility "daemon";
// Download and install upgrades only on AC power
// (i.e. skip or gracefully stop updates on battery)
// Unattended-Upgrade::OnlyOnACPower "true";
// Download and install upgrades only on non-metered connection
// (i.e. skip or gracefully stop updates on a metered connection)
// Unattended-Upgrade::Skip-Updates-On-Metered-Connections "true";
// Verbose logging
Unattended-Upgrade::Verbose "true";
// Print debugging information both in unattended-upgrades and
// in unattended-upgrade-shutdown
Unattended-Upgrade::Debug "true";
20 个自动升级也已正确定制：
APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";
据我所见，该服务工作正常：
sudo systemctl status unattended-upgrades.service
● unattended-upgrades.service - Unattended Upgrades Shutdown
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/unattended-upgrades.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2021-10-04 13:12:12 CEST; 27s ago
Docs: man:unattended-upgrade(8)
Main PID: 561 (unattended-upgr)
Tasks: 2 (limit: 19156)
Memory: 20.8M
CPU: 213ms
CGroup: /system.slice/unattended-upgrades.service
└─561 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/share/unattended-upgrades/unattended-upgrade-shutdown --wait-for-signal
Oct 04 13:12:12 WIPMagentoLocal systemd[1]: Started Unattended Upgrades Shutdown.
你能帮我让它再次工作吗？谢谢！
答案1
对于 Debian 11 中的安全更新，您需要更改“Debian-Security”行/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades到
"origin=Debian,codename=${distro_codename}-security,label=Debian-Security";
（笔记添加-security）。