我们有一台旧的物理机Ubuntu 发行版 20.04该物理机总共有103GB /root partition和10GB as swap memory。目前我们已使用了高达 45GB 的空间。我们想要从当前安装创建可启动的 ISO 映像。
此外，我们尝试使用以下包创建图像。在运行这些软件包时，我们遇到一个错误——“filesystem.squashfs 大小超过 4GB”。然后我们验证文件系统文件消耗超过8GB。因此，我们无法创建图像文件。是否有其他软件包/工具可以从当前安装创建映像？谢谢！
1.remastersys – 重新旋转 –https://itectec.com/ubuntu/ubuntu-build-the-own-ubuntu-iso/
2.distroshare 镜像生成器 -https://github.com/Distroshare/distroshare-ubuntu-imager
答案1
这是一个脚本。注意笔记。您必须将其放在 USB 上才能启动。 Balena 蚀刻机适用于 iso。该 iso 将位于脚本创建的 LIVE_BOOT 文件夹中。使用 balena 蚀刻机和足够大的 USB 记忆棒或外部硬盘驱动器，将图像放置在可用的东西上。您还可以安装为环回设备。网上有一些关于安装实时系统和/或使系统持久化的不错的说明。
将脚本保存在文本文件中并运行它。将文本文件命名为 makelive 之类的名称，然后是“chmod +x makelive”，然后是“./makelive”。您也可以通过更改注释下方的变量来预先更改事物的名称。享受！
#!/bin/bash
# Will create live iso from currently installed Debian system
#
# Make sure these are installed before starting this script
# Depends: rsync live-boot systemd-sysv debootstrap squashfs-tools xorriso isolinux syslinux-efi grub-pc-bin grub-efi-amd64-bin grub-efi-ia32-bin mtools dosfstools resolvconf
#
# Run script as root or under su in terminal
# Variables for computer name, iso name and volume label
HOSTNAME=debian-live
ISONAME=debian-live
LABEL=DEBLIVE
mkdir -p $HOME/LIVE_BOOT $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot &&
rsync -aAXv --exclude={/dev/*,/proc/*,/sys/*,/tmp/*,/run/*,/mnt/*,/media/*,/lost+found,$HOME/LIVE_BOOT/*} /* $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot &&
printf "" > $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/etc/fstab && printf "" > $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/etc/resolv.conf &&
echo "$HOSTNAME" > $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/etc/hostname &&
mkdir -p $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/{staging/{EFI/BOOT,boot/grub/x86_64-efi,isolinux,live},tmp} &&
mksquashfs $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/live/filesystem.squashfs -e boot &&
cp $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/boot/vmlinuz-* $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/live/vmlinuz && cp $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/boot/initrd.img-* $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/live/initrd &&
touch $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/isolinux/isolinux.cfg &&
printf "UI vesamenu.c32\n\nMENU TITLE Boot Menu\nDEFAULT linux\nTIMEOUT 600\nMENU RESOLUTION 640 480\nMENU COLOR border 30;44 #40ffffff #a0000000 std\nMENU COLOR title 1;36;44 #9033ccff #a0000000 std\nMENU COLOR sel 7;37;40 #e0ffffff #20ffffff all\nMENU COLOR unsel 37;44 #50ffffff #a0000000 std\nMENU COLOR help 37;40 #c0ffffff #a0000000 std\nMENU COLOR timeout_msg 37;40 #80ffffff #00000000 std\nMENU COLOR timeout 1;37;40 #c0ffffff #00000000 std\nMENU COLOR msg07 37;40 #90ffffff #a0000000 std\nMENU COLOR tabmsg 31;40 #30ffffff #00000000 std\n\nLABEL linux\n MENU LABEL Debian Live [BIOS/ISOLINUX]\n MENU DEFAULT\n KERNEL /live/vmlinuz\n APPEND initrd=/live/initrd boot=live\n\n LABEL linux\n MENU LABEL Debian Live [BIOS/ISOLINUX] (nomodeset)\n MENU DEFAULT\n KERNEL /live/vmlinuz\n APPEND initrd=/live/initrd boot=live nomodeset\nEOF" > $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/isolinux/isolinux.cfg &&
touch $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/grub.cfg &&
printf "insmod part_gpt\ninsmod part_msdos\ninsmod fat\ninsmod iso9660\n\ninsmod all_video\ninsmod font\n\nset default=\"0\"\nset timeout=30\n\n# If X has issues finding screens, experiment with/without nomodeset.\n\nmenuentry \"Debian Live [EFI/GRUB]\" {\n search --no-floppy --set=root --label $LABEL\n linux (\$root)/live/vmlinuz boot=live\n initrd (\$root)/live/initrd\n}\n\nmenuentry \"Debian Live [EFI/GRUB] (nomodeset)\" {\n search --no-floppy --set=root --label $LABEL\n linux (\$root)/live/vmlinuz boot=live nomodeset\n initrd (\$root)/live/initrd\n}\nEOF" > $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/grub.cfg &&
cp $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/grub.cfg $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/ &&
touch $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/tmp/grub-embed.cfg &&
printf "if ! [ -d \"\$cmdpath\" ]; then\n # On some firmware, GRUB has a wrong cmdpath when booted from an optical disc.\n # https://gitlab.archlinux.org/archlinux/archiso/-/issues/183\n if regexp --set=1:isodevice '^(\([^)]+\))\/?[Ee][Ff][Ii]\/[Bb][Oo][Oo][Tt]\/?$' \"\$cmdpath\"; then\n cmdpath=\"\${isodevice}/EFI/BOOT\"\n fi\nfi\nconfigfile \"\${cmdpath}/grub.cfg\"\nEOF" > $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/tmp/grub-embed.cfg &&
cp /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isolinux.bin "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/isolinux/" && cp /usr/lib/syslinux/modules/bios/* "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/isolinux/" &&
cp -r /usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/* "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/x86_64-efi/" &&
grub-mkstandalone -O i386-efi --modules="part_gpt part_msdos fat iso9660" --locales="" --themes="" --fonts="" --output="$HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/BOOTIA32.EFI" "boot/grub/grub.cfg=$HOME/LIVE_BOOT/tmp/grub-embed.cfg" &&
grub-mkstandalone -O x86_64-efi --modules="part_gpt part_msdos fat iso9660" --locales="" --themes="" --fonts="" --output="$HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/BOOTx64.EFI" "boot/grub/grub.cfg=$HOME/LIVE_BOOT/tmp/grub-embed.cfg" &&
(cd $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging && dd if=/dev/zero of=efiboot.img bs=1M count=20 && mkfs.vfat efiboot.img && mmd -i efiboot.img ::/EFI ::/EFI/BOOT && mcopy -vi efiboot.img $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/BOOTIA32.EFI $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/EFI/BOOT/BOOTx64.EFI $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/boot/grub/grub.cfg ::/EFI/BOOT/) &&
xorriso -as mkisofs -iso-level 3 -o "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/$ISONAME.iso" -full-iso9660-filenames -volid "$LABEL" --mbr-force-bootable -partition_offset 16 -joliet -joliet-long -rational-rock -isohybrid-mbr /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isohdpfx.bin -eltorito-boot isolinux/isolinux.bin -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table --eltorito-catalog isolinux/isolinux.cat -eltorito-alt-boot -e --interval:appended_partition_2:all:: -no-emul-boot -isohybrid-gpt-basdat -append_partition 2 C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B ${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging/efiboot.img "${HOME}/LIVE_BOOT/staging"
chmod 755 $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/$ISONAME.iso
rm -r $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/staging/
rm -r $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/chroot/
rm -r $HOME/LIVE_BOOT/tmp/