我知道我知道。可能是第 1000 篇关于此的帖子，但我真的觉得我已经尝试了一切。
Grub2Win、引导修复。从实时 USB 记忆棒手动重新安装 grub.. 没什么。
不久前，我在 Windows 10 和 Fedora 上进行了双启动。我想切换到 Ubuntu，但不太记得我是怎么做到的。安装了ubuntu和boom。不再有 Fedora，不再有 ubuntu，只有 Windows。
我尝试将 grub2win 添加到安装了 ubuntu 的驱动器中，但我永远无法启动 grub2win。
在windows中我删除了所有
如果我进入启动管理器，我会看到：
- fedoragrubx64
- gnugrubkernel64
- 软呢帽
- Windows 启动管理器
这是令人愤怒和失望的，因为我使用bcdedit /enum firmware和删除了所有与 Fedora 相关的 EFI 内容bcdedit /delete。
我试过这个问题已标记为逐步回答
我尝试过启动修复盘。使用推荐的设置。输出如下。
我想我应该清理这个 efi 驱动器，但我不知道如何在不让我的窗户也被毁掉的情况下......
也很抱歉，如果这不是正确的论坛，请指出我正确的方向。
boot-repair-4ppa203 [20230305_0007]
============================== Boot Info Summary ===============================
=> Windows 7/8/10/11/2012 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.
=> Syslinux MBR (5.00 and higher) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb.
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/Boot/fbia32.efi /efi/Boot/fbx64.efi
/efi/Boot/grubx64.efi /efi/Boot/mmx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/fwupx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/mmx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/shimx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg /efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
sda3: __________________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
sda4: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 10 or 11
Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe
sda5: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System:
Boot files:
sda6: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /etc/default/grub
sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: SYSLINUX 6.03
Boot sector info: Syslinux looks at sector 32784 of /dev/sdb1 for its
second stage. The integrity check of Syslinux failed.
No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /syslinux.cfg
/efi/BOOT/grubx64.efi /ldlinux.sys
================================ 2 OS detected =================================
OS#1: Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS on sda6
OS#2: Windows 10 or 11 on sda4
================================ Host/Hardware =================================
CPU architecture: 64-bit
Video: HD Graphics 5500 GM108M [GeForce 940M] from Intel Corporation NVIDIA Corporation
Live-session OS is Ubuntu 64-bit (Boot-Repair-Disk 64bit 20200604, bionic, x86_64)
===================================== UEFI =====================================
BIOS/UEFI firmware: V1.25 from Insyde Corp.
The firmware is EFI-compatible, and is set in EFI-mode for this live-session.
SecureBoot disabled (confirmed by mokutil).
BootCurrent: 0001
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 2001,0003,0002,0004,000C,2002,2003
Boot0000* Unknown Device: HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)RC
Boot0001* USB HDD: KingstonDataTraveler 3.0 PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1d,0x0)/USB(0,0)/USB(0,0)/HD(1,MBR,0x1e0567d,0x800,0x1cd125a)RC
Boot0002* gnugrubkernel64 PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1f,0x2)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\grub2win\g2bootmgr\gnugrub.kernel64.efi)A01 ..
Boot0003* fedoragrubx64 PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1f,0x2)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\fedora\grubx64.efi)A01 ..
Boot0004* fedora PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1f,0x2)/Sata(0,0,0)/HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\fedora\shimx64.efi)A01 ).
Boot0005* Unknown Device: HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)RC
Boot0006* Unknown Device: HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\Boot\grubx64.efi)RC
Boot0007* Unknown Device: HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)RC
Boot0008* Unknown Device: HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)RC
Boot0009* Unknown Device: HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)RC
Boot000C* Windows Boot Manager HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)RC
Boot0012* Unknown Device: HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)RC
Boot0014* ubuntu HD(2,GPT,faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0,0xfa000,0x31800)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)
Boot2001* EFI USB Device RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot2003* EFI Network RC
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 sda2/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
64349b3622c65f495a99dbf6102496e3 sda2/Boot/bootx64.efi
4d15fe872652d8e1782f1d3af11b1c77 sda2/Boot/fbia32.efi
a9c517741ac31962d7feb152948ad1ee sda2/Boot/fbx64.efi
f62c28d9b477b6a1a7b1c991b2b6637d sda2/Boot/grubx64.efi
a660182adef313615746a665966d2ccc sda2/Boot/mmx64.efi
256fe27540b54b71cf38110338247688 sda2/ubuntu/fwupx64.efi
5ddf997e8b025bfbc2009e85b32f60dc sda2/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
a660182adef313615746a665966d2ccc sda2/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
64349b3622c65f495a99dbf6102496e3 sda2/ubuntu/shimx64.efi
20ac8dde00311476f3755604eb0e545a sda2/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
27d382c5fc21df6f4a75baed05aa1d9d sda2/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
fecc659c3253ac65326801d790718171 sda2/Boot/BOOTIA32.efi
============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================
Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________
sda : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has---ESP, not-usb, not-mmc, has-os, has-win, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
sda2 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
sda4 : is-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
sda5 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
sda6 : is-os, 64, apt-get, signed grub-pc grub-efi , grub2, grub-install, grubenv-ok, update-grub, farbios
Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, recovery-or-hidden, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda2 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda4 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda5 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
sda6 : isnotESP, fstab-has-goodEFI, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________
sda1 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
sda2 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
sda4 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
sda5 : maybesepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
sda6 : not--sepboot, with-boot, fstab-without-boot, not-sep-usr, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, std-grub.d, sda
fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________
Disk sda: 447.1 GiB, 480103981056 bytes, 937703088 sectors
Disk identifier: 987B368E-33D5-4401-8539-89AD54404F96
Start End Sectors Size Type
sda1 2048 1023999 1021952 499M Windows recovery environment
sda2 1024000 1226751 202752 99M EFI System
sda3 1226752 1259519 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
sda4 1259520 308553727 307294208 146.5G Microsoft basic data
sda5 308553728 543018689 234464962 111.8G Linux filesystem
sda6 543019008 937701375 394682368 188.2G Linux filesystem
Disk sdb: 14.4 GiB, 15472047104 bytes, 30218842 sectors
Disk identifier: 0x01e0567d
Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
sdb1 * 2048 30218841 30216794 14.4G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
Disk zram0: 481.3 MiB, 504659968 bytes, 123208 sectors
Disk zram1: 481.3 MiB, 504659968 bytes, 123208 sectors
Disk zram2: 481.3 MiB, 504659968 bytes, 123208 sectors
Disk zram3: 481.3 MiB, 504659968 bytes, 123208 sectors
parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:480GB:scsi:512:512:gpt:ATA KINGSTON SA400S3:;
1:1049kB:524MB:523MB:ntfs:Basic data partition:hidden, diag;
2:524MB:628MB:104MB:fat32:EFI System Partition:boot, esp;
3:628MB:645MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
4:645MB:158GB:157GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
5:158GB:278GB:120GB:ext4::;
6:278GB:480GB:202GB:ext4::;
sdb:15.5GB:scsi:512:512:msdos:Kingston DataTraveler 3.0:;
1:1049kB:15.5GB:15.5GB:fat32::boot, lba;
blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________
NAME FSTYPE UUID PARTUUID LABEL PARTLABEL
sda
├─sda1 ntfs 226655E26655B76F c8d528de-8142-452d-bb7a-d4f2abf08af4 Helyreállítás Basic data partition
├─sda2 vfat 1656-892B faba7f17-77cf-4033-b4d6-4429680e27c0 EFI System Partition
├─sda3 b6c19a78-4062-4112-b983-9034751666d9 Microsoft reserved partition
├─sda4 ntfs B61A5CE01A5C9F65 c9315ee3-dc20-45b2-9d27-bce7d916cfe4 Basic data partition
├─sda5 ext4 70c9b5ea-c833-4a83-ad90-8c7cfa01c675 a5262dc8-76d0-4636-abe1-83d140f613d6
└─sda6 ext4 8f41ffc2-7670-4374-9d39-8af588e0db3d 227ac73f-2d91-42ce-ae2a-a59812124399
sdb
└─sdb1 vfat 8CFA-8053 01e0567d-01 BOOT-REPAIR
Mount points (filtered): _______________________________________________________
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 66.8M 87% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1
/dev/sda2 58.9M 38% /mnt/boot-sav/sda2
/dev/sda4 45.6G 69% /mnt/boot-sav/sda4
/dev/sda5 103.4G 0% /mnt/boot-sav/sda5
/dev/sda6 163.7G 6% /mnt/boot-sav/sda6
/dev/sdb1 13.5G 6% /cdrom
Mount options (filtered): ______________________________________________________
===================== sda2/efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
search.fs_uuid 8f41ffc2-7670-4374-9d39-8af588e0db3d root hd0,gpt6
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg
====================== sda6/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
Ubuntu 8f41ffc2-7670-4374-9d39-8af588e0db3d
Ubuntu, with Linux 5.19.0-35-generic 8f41ffc2-7670-4374-9d39-8af588e0db3d
Ubuntu, with Linux 5.19.0-32-generic 8f41ffc2-7670-4374-9d39-8af588e0db3d
Windows Boot Manager (on sda2) osprober-efi-1656-892B
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
========================== sda6/etc/fstab (filtered) ===========================
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=8f41ffc2-7670-4374-9d39-8af588e0db3d / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda2 during installation
UUID=1656-892B /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
/swapfile none swap sw 0 0
======================= sda6/etc/default/grub (filtered) =======================
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
==================== sda6: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
272.811534882 = 292.929155072 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
442.173824310 = 474.780528640 boot/vmlinuz 2
440.783199310 = 473.287356416 boot/vmlinuz-5.19.0-32-generic 2
442.173824310 = 474.780528640 boot/vmlinuz-5.19.0-35-generic 2
440.783199310 = 473.287356416 boot/vmlinuz.old 2
441.806636810 = 474.386264064 boot/initrd.img 5
442.857135773 = 475.514228736 boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-32-generic 1
441.806636810 = 474.386264064 boot/initrd.img-5.19.0-35-generic 5
442.857135773 = 475.514228736 boot/initrd.img.old 1
===================== sda6: ls -l /etc/grub.d/ (filtered) ======================
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18683 Dec 2 15:18 10_linux
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 43031 Dec 2 15:18 10_linux_zfs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14180 Dec 2 15:18 20_linux_xen
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13369 Dec 2 15:18 30_os-prober
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1372 Dec 2 15:18 30_uefi-firmware
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 700 Sep 20 03:18 35_fwupd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Dec 2 15:18 40_custom
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 215 Dec 2 15:18 41_custom
====================== sdb1/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
Boot-Repair-Disk session
Boot-Repair-Disk session (failsafe)
========================= sdb1/syslinux.cfg (filtered) =========================
DEFAULT loadconfig
LABEL loadconfig
CONFIG /isolinux/isolinux.cfg
APPEND /isolinux/
==================== sdb1: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
================== sdb1: Location of files loaded by Syslinux ==================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? syslinux.cfg 1
?? = ?? ldlinux.sys 1
Suggested repair: ______________________________________________________________
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility would reinstall the grub-efi of
sda6,
using the following options: sda2/boot/efi
Additional repair would be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s use-standard-efi-file restore-efi-backups
Final advice in case of suggested repair: ______________________________________
Please do not forget to make your UEFI firmware boot on the Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS entry (sda2/efi/****/grub****.efi (**** will be updated in the final message) file) !
If your computer reboots directly into Windows, try to change the boot order in your UEFI firmware.
If your UEFI firmware does not allow to change the boot order, change the default boot entry of the Windows bootloader.
For example you can boot into Windows, then type the following command in an admin command prompt:
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\****\grub****.efi (**** will be updated in the final message)
答案1
如果您能够启动到 UEFI shell，则执行此操作并直接从那里运行每个 efi 文件。启动到 shell 通常需要中断启动过程以进入 BIOS，然后从那里的启动菜单中选择 shell，但这取决于您的计算机。