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如何授予用户组启动/停止自定义服务的权限？

tag-icon • tag-icon permissions systemd chmod systemctl chgrp
如何授予用户组启动/停止自定义服务的权限？

我的根目录中有一个服务，我想授予用户组管理员权限来运行该服务。

该服务存在于/root/home/custom_service/service.service

我chgrp admin ./home/custom_service/当时尝试过chmod g+rx ./home/custom_service/

当我检查权限时ls -l ./home/custom_service/我得到-rw-r-xr-- 1 root admin 449 May 30 11:23 service.service

当我尝试从我的 testUsr 帐户（位于组管理员中）运行该服务时，结果如下：

我跑：

systemctl start service.service

结果：

==== AUTHENTICATING FOR org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units ===
Authentication is required to manage system services or units.
Authenticating as: scarycall
Password:
polkit-agent-helper-1: pam_authenticate failed: Permission denied
==== AUTHENTICATION FAILED ===
Failed to start service.service: Access denied
See system logs and 'systemctl status service.service' for details.

注意：我可以从 root 运行该服务。

更新：

这是我的 polkit 规则文件：

Array.prototype.includes = function(variable) {
    for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) { if (this[i] === variable) { return true; } }
    return false;
}

polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) {
    var allowed = {
        units: [
            // Here you can add units that you want to allow admin users to manage.
            "service.service"
        ],
        actions: [
            "org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units"
        ],
        verbs: [
            "start", "stop", "restart"
        ]
    }
    var unit_name = action.lookup("unit");
    
    polkit.log("Action" + action);
    polkit.log("Unit=" + unit_name);
    polkit.log("Action ID=" + action.id);
    polkit.log("Verb=" + action.lookup("verb"));
    polkit.log("Subject=" + subject);
    
    if (allowed.actions.includes(action.id) &&
        allowed.units.includes(unit_name) &&
        allowed.verbs.includes(action.lookup("verb")) &&
        subject.isInGroup("admin")
    ) {
        return polkit.Result.YES;
    }
});

我运行的系统的 systemd 版本为 219，它不会通过操作传递单元或动词。该规则的日志如下所示：

/etc/polkit-1/rules.d/10-insight-service.rules:23: Action[Action id='org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units
/etc/polkit-1/rules.d/10-insight-service.rules:24: Unit=undefined
/etc/polkit-1/rules.d/10-insight-service.rules:25: Action ID=org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units
/etc/polkit-1/rules.d/10-insight-service.rules:26: Verb=undefined
/etc/polkit-1/rules.d/10-insight-service.rules:27: Subject=[Subject pid=13762 user='testUsr' groups=admin seat='' session='2072' local=false active=true]

直到 v226 才添加单位和动词详细信息，如下所示： https://github.com/systemd/systemd/commit/88ced61bf9673407f4b15bf51b1b408fd78c149d

解决： 因为我运行的系统运行旧版本的 systemd，所以它不支持操作的单位或动词详细信息。所以我决定使用 sudo 权限并且成功了。

在 sudoer 文件中我添加了：

%admin ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/systemctl start service.service
%admin ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/systemctl stop service.service
%admin ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/systemctl restart service.service
%admin ALL= NOPASSWD: /bin/systemctl status service.service

答案1

您可以创建 Polkit 策略，允许admin组中的用户启动、停止或重新启动特定系统单元。例如。

// Allow user in admin group to manage specific systemd units
Array.prototype.includes = function(variable) {
    for (var i = 0; i < this.length; i++) { if (this[i] === variable) { return true; } }
    return false;
}

polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) {
    var allowed = {
        units: [
            // Here you can add units that you want to allow admin users to manage.
            "backup.service",
            "nginx.service",
            "backup-rotate.service"
        ],
        actions: [
            "org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-unit-files"
        ],
        verbs: [
            "start", "stop", "restart"
        ]
    }
    var unit_name = action.lookup("unit");
    if (allowed.actions.includes(action.id) &&
        allowed.units.includes(unit_name) &&
        allowed.verbs.includes(action.lookup("verb")) &&
        subject.isInGroup("admin")
    ) {
        return polkit.Result.YES;
    }
});

将策略文件另存为/etc/polkit-1/rules.d/60-units.rules，新规则应立即生效。

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