我正在尝试使用 VPN。它要求我使用 F5 VPN 软件，该软件会弹出一个窗口，显示“已连接”，其中包含有关发送和接收字节的信息。
如果我跑步ifconfig我会看到：
enp9s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.178.53 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.178.255
inet6 fe80::88b4:8386:46b2:b870 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 18:c0:4d:20:ba:e3 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2614623 bytes 1488386639 (1.4 GB)
RX errors 0 dropped 203768 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1591444 bytes 424169212 (424.1 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[...]
tun0: flags=81<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING> mtu 1384
inet 172.21.181.120 netmask 255.255.255.255 destination 1.1.1.1
inet6 2001:630:e4:4280::1582 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fe80::e3a6:ca39:2dd9:c23e prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 500 (UNSPEC)
RX packets 1544 bytes 416098 (416.0 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1690 bytes 126644 (126.6 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
如果我运行ip route list我会得到这个：
default via 192.168.178.1 dev enp9s0 proto dhcp metric 100
1.1.1.1 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.21.181.120
4.234.210.7 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
10.0.0.0/8 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
10.42.0.0/24 dev wlp1s0 proto kernel scope link src 10.42.0.1 metric 600
20.49.140.221 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
20.49.230.123 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
34.242.90.168 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
34.243.28.11 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
34.248.57.236 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
51.140.73.190 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
51.140.80.148 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
51.143.224.92 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
51.179.223.115 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
52.50.187.38 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
54.72.152.131 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
54.72.239.170 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
54.73.203.23 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
54.229.195.216 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
78.25.196.229 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
104.16.117.12 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
104.16.118.12 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
104.16.119.12 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
104.16.120.12 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
104.16.121.12 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
104.18.0.20 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
104.18.1.20 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
116.203.77.235 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.14.29.110 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.28 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.29 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.121 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.164 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.165 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.166 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.167 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.171 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.172 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
130.246.130.173 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
137.222.0.0/16 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
137.222.251.108 via 192.168.178.1 dev enp9s0 metric 1
151.101.16.95 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
151.101.16.152 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
160.109.109.97 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
162.159.129.81 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
162.159.129.87 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
162.159.130.81 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
162.159.130.87 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
169.254.0.0/16 dev enp9s0 scope link metric 1000
172.16.0.0/12 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
173.254.190.144 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
185.249.69.250 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
192.168.0.0/16 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
192.168.178.0/24 dev enp9s0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.178.53 metric 100
192.168.178.1 via 192.168.178.53 dev enp9s0 proto unspec metric 1
194.34.213.28 via 172.21.181.120 dev tun0 metric 1
但是当我用谷歌搜索“我的 IP 是什么”时，我仍然看到我的正常 IP 地址，就好像 VPN 没有运行一样。
我究竟做错了什么？
答案1
VPN 正在“分割隧道”模式下使用，因此只有发往 VPN 目标的流量才会通过 VPN 发送，其他所有流量都使用正常路由发送
您可以找出用于任何特定 IP 地址的特定路由：
ip route get 8.8.8.8 # Your usual route
ip route get 20.49.230.123 # VPN
在我的系统上，第一个报告是这样的，
8.8.8.8 via 192.168.1.1 dev enxb827eb315364 src 192.168.1.18
^target ^gateway ^interface ^my IP address