我的服务器有一个 raid 5+0 配置，这是一个由 2 个 raid 5 设备组成的 raid 0 设备。
md1由md10和md11组成。
md1 : active raid0 md10[0] md11[1]
15627286528 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
md10 : active raid5 sdh[3] sdf[0] sdg[1]
7813774336 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]
bitmap: 0/30 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md11 : active raid5 sdd[3] sda[1] sdb[4]
7813774336 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]
bitmap: 0/30 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
几天前，我停电了，我的 md11 中的一个磁盘出现了故障。我有一个备用的，所以更换了它。但是，当我通过更换磁盘启动服务器时，同一阵列中的另一个驱动器消失了。事实证明这是一个电缆问题（可能是在更换另一个驱动器时碰坏了它）。当它被重新安装并重新打开时，驱动器又出现在阵列中，并且能够使用新的替换磁盘进行重建。
几个小时后，一切正常，阵列显示正常。但是，当我尝试挂载由 md10 和 md11 组成的 raid 0 设备 (md1) 时，失败并出现错误
# mount /dev/md1 md1/
mount: /storage/md1: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.
# fdisk -l /dev/md1
Disk /dev/md1: 14.6 TiB, 16002341404672 bytes, 31254573056 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 524288 bytes / 1048576 bytes
# fsck.ext4 /dev/md1
e2fsck 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
fsck.ext4: Attempt to read block from filesystem resulted in short read while trying to open /dev/md1
Could this be a zero-length partition?
我保存了构建阵列时的原始 mkfs.ext4 命令，因此我知道超级块备份在哪里，并尝试使用它们进行安装，但它们都失败了
这是原始 mkfs 命令输出
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md1
mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
Creating filesystem with 3906821632 4k blocks and 488353792 inodes
Filesystem UUID: ac6fef5c-54ea-4c79-be24-6feec0cc05fc
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544, 1934917632,
2560000000, 3855122432
这是我尝试安装备份时发生的情况
# mount -o sb=32768 /dev/md1 md1/
mount: /storage/md1: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.
# mount -o sb=98304 /dev/md1 md1/
mount: /storage/md1: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.
# mount -o sb=163840 /dev/md1 md1/
mount: /storage/md1: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.
等等。我尝试了每个备份并得到相同的结果。
# dumpe2fs /dev/md1 | grep -i superblock
dumpe2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
dumpe2fs: Attempt to read block from filesystem resulted in short read while trying to open /dev/md1
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
还有什么我可以尝试再次安装/在线吗？
谢谢
编辑1
# mdadm --misc --detail /dev/md11
/dev/md11:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Wed Apr 5 16:30:50 2023
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 7813774336 (7451.80 GiB 8001.30 GB)
Used Dev Size : 3906887168 (3725.90 GiB 4000.65 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Thu Aug 3 23:00:46 2023
State : clean
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Name : fileserver:11 (local to host fileserver)
UUID : 2ccc1d61:79f0e11a:6d3bb224:797ca224
Events : 375478
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
4 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 8 0 1 active sync /dev/sda
3 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd
# mdadm --examine /dev/sd[abd]
/dev/sda:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x1
Array UUID : 2ccc1d61:79f0e11a:6d3bb224:797ca224
Name : fileserver:11 (local to host fileserver)
Creation Time : Wed Apr 5 16:30:50 2023
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 3
Avail Dev Size : 7813775024 (3725.90 GiB 4000.65 GB)
Array Size : 7813774336 (7451.80 GiB 8001.30 GB)
Used Dev Size : 7813774336 (3725.90 GiB 4000.65 GB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=262056 sectors, after=688 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 88255f65:0cfbc0d7:01b3bb6b:a659a3be
Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
Update Time : Thu Aug 3 23:00:46 2023
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors
Checksum : 4fa1243c - correct
Events : 375478
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : AAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdb:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x9
Array UUID : 2ccc1d61:79f0e11a:6d3bb224:797ca224
Name : fileserver:11 (local to host fileserver)
Creation Time : Wed Apr 5 16:30:50 2023
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 3
Avail Dev Size : 7813775024 (3725.90 GiB 4000.65 GB)
Array Size : 7813774336 (7451.80 GiB 8001.30 GB)
Used Dev Size : 7813774336 (3725.90 GiB 4000.65 GB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=262064 sectors, after=688 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 0116c972:b7e63a6f:ad991903:6d0da535
Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
Update Time : Thu Aug 3 23:00:46 2023
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 24 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : 2e49aad - correct
Events : 375478
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdd:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x9
Array UUID : 2ccc1d61:79f0e11a:6d3bb224:797ca224
Name : fileserver:11 (local to host fileserver)
Creation Time : Wed Apr 5 16:30:50 2023
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 3
Avail Dev Size : 7813775024 (3725.90 GiB 4000.65 GB)
Array Size : 7813774336 (7451.80 GiB 8001.30 GB)
Used Dev Size : 7813774336 (3725.90 GiB 4000.65 GB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=262056 sectors, after=688 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : c244b202:6c858ef1:170354cb:6d41f5db
Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
Update Time : Thu Aug 3 23:00:46 2023
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : 83ac05bd - correct
Events : 375478
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 2
Array State : AAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdb 是替换磁盘，/dev/sdd 是暂时从阵列中消失的磁盘。