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我可以获得斜体文本的完整对齐吗？

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我可以获得斜体文本的完整对齐吗？

在 TeXbook 中，Knuth 指出斜体可能会导致对齐问题：

练习 14.16
当整个段落以斜体或倾斜字体排版时，有时看起来相对于其他段落在页面上偏移。解释如何使用\leftskip和\rightskip将段落的所有行向左移动 1 pt。

下面的文字表明，甚至可以得到飘动边距：

\documentclass{article}
\textwidth=3.85cm
\begin{document}
\it\noindent
This is a small text. If jam is what you like, two fingers up,
or whatever. Under certain conditions you see that the left and
right margins flutter.
\end{document}

效果有点被小的 所强调\textwidth，但编译后并没有显示任何过满的水平盒子。特别是左边距在我看来看起来很糟糕。

有没有办法在 TeX 中解决这个问题？我更喜欢 LaTeX 答案，但最终我对任何 TeX 版本都持开放态度。

我知道这实际上是一个字体问题；这是由于 CM 斜体字体的设计方式造成的。（事实上，我已经问和已回答有关斜体问题的几个问题。）是否存在斜体字体的问题不太明显甚至不存在？

答案1

使用 2.5 版 microtype 包，自 2013 年 3 月 13 日起在 CTAN 上可用，我的问题的简单答案是“使用 microtype“。

谢谢 Herbert 和 Joseph 告诉我这个microtype包可以实现。我知道这个包microtype可以调整边距字距，但我一直以为这只适用于标点符号。实际上，你可以调整每个字母的边距字距。

我一直在想：为什么 Herbert 和 Joseph 的答案中的输出稍好一些，但仍然远远不够好？答案当然是提供的边距字距调整表microtype不够好。所以我继续浏览了所有字母...输出现在如下所示，我对此非常满意：

以下是代码，主要由调整后的边距字距表组成（现已添加到 microtype 包裹）：

\documentclass{article}
\textwidth=3.85cm
\usepackage{microtype}
\LoadMicrotypeFile{cmr}
\SetProtrusion
   [ name     = cmr-it   ]
   { }
   {
     A = {100,100},
     B = {83,-40},
     C = {165,-75},
     D = {75, -28},
     E = {80,-55},
     F = {85,-80},
     G = {153,-15},
     H = {73,-60},
     I = {140,-120},
     J = {135,-80},
     K = {70,-30},
     L = {87, 40},
     M = {67,-45},
     N = {75,-55},
     O = {150,-30},
     P = {82,-50},
     Q = {150,-30},
     R = {75, 15},
     S = {90,-65},
     $ = {100,-20},
     T = {220,-85},
     U = {230,-55},
     V = {260,-60},
     W = {185,-55},
     X = {70,-30},
     Y = {250,-60},
     Z = {90,-60},
     a = {150,-10},
     b = {170,   },
     c = {173,-10},
     d = {150,-55},
     e = {180, },
     f = { ,-250},
     g = {150,-10},
     h = {100, },
     i = {210, },
     j = { ,-40},
     k = {110,-50},
     l = {240,-110},
     m = {80, },
     n = {115, },
     o = {155, },
     p = { , },
     q = {170,-40},
     r = {155,-40},
     s = {130, },
     t = {230,-10},
     u = {120, },
     v = {140,-25},
     w = {98,-20},
     x = {65,-40},
     y = {130,-20},
     z = {110,-80},
     0 = {170,-85},
     1 = {230,110},
     2 = {130,-70},
     3 = {140,-70},
     4 = {130,80},
     5 = {160, },
     6 = {175,-30},
     7 = {250,-150},
     8 = {130,-40},
     9 = {155,-80},
     . = { ,500},
    {,}= { ,450},
     : = { ,300},
     ; = { ,300},
     & = {130,30},
    \% = {180,50},
     * = {380,20},
     + = {180,200},
     @ = {180,10},
     ~ = {200,150},
     ( = {300, },    ) = {  ,70},
     / = {100,100},
     - = {500,300},
     \textendash       = {500,300},   \textemdash        = {400,170},
     \textquoteleft    = {800,200},   \textquoteright    = {800,-20},
     \textquotedblleft = {540,100},   \textquotedblright = {500,100}
   }

\begin{document}
\noindent\itshape
This is a small text. If jam is what you like, two fingers up,
or whatever. Under certain conditions you see that the left and
right margins flutter.
\end{document}

答案2

microtype 有一个可选参数，你可以允许将字符向右移动更多，例如[factor=1300]

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern,picture}
\usepackage{microtype}
\textwidth=3.85cm
\begin{document}
\itshape\noindent\makebox(0,0){\put(\textwidth,-2cm){\line(0,-1){80}}}%
This is a small text. If jam is what you like, two fingers up,
or whatever. Under certain conditions you see that the left and
right margins flutter.
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

这里的输出带有可选[factor=1100,stretch=80]参数microtype

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

我个人认为使用拉丁现代字体microtype似乎是更好的方法

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern,microtype}

\textwidth=3.85cm
\begin{document}
\it\noindent
This is a small text. If jam is what you like, two fingers up,
or whatever. Under certain conditions you see that the left and
right margins flutter.
\end{document}

微型版本

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