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TikZ 中的 DIN 符合箭头和阴影线？

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TikZ 中的 DIN 符合箭头和阴影线？

我很好奇如何重新创建以下简单图形，并保留其所有特征，即符合 DIN 标准的箭头尖和阴影区域。我非常了解 tikz 的各种软件包，您可以在其中指定箭头尖和填充，但它们都不符合我的要求。

在此处输入图片描述

请注意，这是一张经济图表，因此仅具有说明功能 — 没有实际数据点。此外，箭头的正确 DIN 标准是长度为 5 毫米，高度为 1 毫米。

答案1

这是你可以研究的代码

\documentclass[11pt,ngerman]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} 
\usepackage[upright]{fourier}    
\PassOptionsToPackage{dvipsnames,svgnames}{xcolor}  
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows, calc,intersections,patterns}
\usepackage{babel}       

\tikzset{%
    add/.style args={#1 and #2}{
        to path={%
 ($(\tikztostart)!-#1!(\tikztotarget)$)--($(\tikztotarget)!-#2!(\tikztostart)$)%
  \tikztonodes}}
} 

\color{Maroon}
\tikzset{dot/.style={draw,circle,minimum size=3pt,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt,thick,fill,}} 

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering  
    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex',
      dot/.style={circle,minimum size=3pt,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt,thick,fill}]
    \node[anchor=south west,shift={(-2,-2)}]{\includegraphics[width=15cm]{Paper.png} };
    \draw[thick,->] (0,0)--(12,0) node[below left,align=left]{Umfang des\\ öffentl. Gutes X};
    \draw[thick,->] (0,0)--(0,9) node[below left] {Geld};
    \coordinate[dot,label=below:$O$](O) at (0,0);
    \coordinate[dot,label=left:tp](tp)  at (0,4);
    \coordinate[dot,label=above right:$C$](C) at ([xshift=4 cm]tp);
    \coordinate[dot,label=above right:$G$](G) at ([xshift=8 cm]tp);
    \coordinate[dot,label=above left:$E$](E) at  ([xshift=5.5 cm]tp); 
    \coordinate[label=above right:$D$](D) at  ([yshift=-2 cm]E); 
    \draw (tp)--++(12,0);
    \draw (C) -- (C|-O) node[below] {$X^{A}$} ; 
    \draw (G) -- (G|-O) node[below] {$X^{B}$} ;
    \draw (E) -- (E|-O) node[below] {$X^{(A,B)}$} ;
    \draw[add = .8 and 1]  (D) to (C) node[above left]  {$MZB^A$} ;
    \draw[add = 1.3 and 1.2] (G) to +($(C)-(D)$) coordinate (X) node[above left]  {$MZB^B$};
    \path [name path=DE] (D) -- ([yshift=8 cm]D); 
    \path [name path=GF] (G) -- (X);
    \path [name intersections={of=DE and GF,by={[label=above right:$F$]F}}];
    \draw (D)--(F); 
    \path[pattern=vertical lines,pattern color=Maroon!20] (C)--(D)--(F)--(G)--cycle;    
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{Anpassung des Angebots öffentlicher Güter durch gebietskörperschaftliche Aufgliederung} 
\end{figure}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

我使用了@student 贡献的方法（实际上它几乎是整个解决方案），并修改了@Altermundus 给出的代码，使其看起来与所讨论的图完全一样。

\documentclass[a4paper]{report}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage{subfig}

%-------------------------------------------------------------
%       Call pattern library and declare DIN conform
%       vertical hatchings
%-------------------------------------------------------------
\usetikzlibrary{patterns,calc,intersections,patterns}

\pgfdeclarepatternformonly{dinhatch}{\pgfpointorigin}{\pgfqpoint{1mm}{100pt}}{\pgfqpoint{1mm}{100pt}}% Adjust the second 1mm for your needs
{
  \pgfsetlinewidth{0.4pt}
  \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0.5pt}{0pt}}
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0.5pt}{100pt}}
  \pgfusepath{stroke}
}
%-------------------------------------------------------------
%       Call arrow library and declare DIN conform arrowheads
%-------------------------------------------------------------
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}

\makeatletter
\pgfarrowsdeclare{dinarr}{dinarr}
{
     \pgfutil@tempdima=0.5pt%
     \advance\pgfutil@tempdima by.25\pgflinewidth%
     \pgfutil@tempdimb=7.29\pgfutil@tempdima\advance\pgfutil@tempdimb by.5\pgflinewidth%
     \pgfarrowsleftextend{+-\pgfutil@tempdimb}
     \pgfutil@tempdimb=.5\pgfutil@tempdima\advance\pgfutil@tempdimb by1.6\pgflinewidth%
     \pgfarrowsrightextend{+\pgfutil@tempdimb}
   }
   {
     \pgfutil@tempdima=0.5pt%
     \advance\pgfutil@tempdima by.25\pgflinewidth%
     \pgfsetdash{}{+0pt}
     \pgfsetmiterjoin
     \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpointadd{\pgfqpoint{0.5\pgfutil@tempdima}{0pt}}{\pgfqpoint{-3mm}{0.5mm}}}
     \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0.5\pgfutil@tempdima}{0\pgfutil@tempdima}}
     \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpointadd{\pgfqpoint{0.5\pgfutil@tempdima}{0pt}}{\pgfqpoint{-3mm}{-0.5mm}}}
     \pgfpathclose
     \pgfusepathqfillstroke
   }
\pgfarrowsdeclarereversed{dinarr reversed}{dinarr reversed}{dinarr}{dinarr}
\makeatother
%-------------------------------------------------------------
%       Begin document
%-------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{document}

\tikzset{add/.style args={#1 and #2}{to path={($(\tikztostart)!-#1!(\tikztotarget)$)--($(\tikztotarget)!-#2!(\tikztostart)$)\tikztonodes}}} 
\tikzstyle{LabelStyle}=[above=2pt]
\tikzstyle{state}=[circle,thick,draw=black!75,fill=black!20,minimum size=6mm, text=black]
\tikzset{dot/.style={draw,circle,minimum size=1.4mm,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt,thick,fill}} 
\begin{figure}[!htbp]

    \begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[font=\footnotesize]
    \draw[-dinarr] (0,0)--(9,0) node[below left,align=left]{Umfang des\\ öffentl. Gutes X};
    \draw[-dinarr] (0,0)--(0,7) node[below left] {Geld};

    \path[pattern=dinhatch,pattern] (3.5,3)--(4.7,1.5)--(4.7,4.9)--(6.2,3)--cycle;  

    \coordinate[dot,label=below:0](O) at (0,0);
    \coordinate[label=left:tp](tp)  at (0,3);
    \coordinate[dot,label=above right:C](C) at (3.5,3);
    \coordinate[dot,label=above right:G](G) at (6.2,3);
    \coordinate[label=above left:E](E) at  (4.7,3); 
    \coordinate[label=above right:D](D) at  (4.7,1.5); 
    \coordinate[label=above right:F](F) at  (4.7,4.9);
    \draw (tp)-- (9,3);
    \draw (C) -- (C|-O) node[below] {$\mathrm{X^{A}}$} ; 
    \draw (G) -- (G|-O) node[below] {$\mathrm{X^{B}}$} ;
    \draw (E) -- (E|-O) node[below] {$\mathrm{X^{(A,B)}}$} ;
    \draw[add = .8 and 1,line width=.45mm]  (D) to (C) node[above]  {$\mathrm{MZB^A}$} ;
    \draw[add = 1.3 and 1.2,line width=.45mm] (G) to +($(C)-(D)$) coordinate (X) node[above]  {$\mathrm{MZB^B}$};

    \draw (D)--(F); 

    \end{tikzpicture}

    \textit{Abbildung 26.1: Anpassung des Angebots öffentlicher Güter durch gebietskörperschaftliche Aufgliederung}

    \end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

得出下图的结果： 在此处输入图片描述

答案3

不是答案，而是太渴望评论了。对于填充，您可以尝试声明这样的自定义模式（我从 pgflibrarypatterns.code.tex 中的垂直线模式调整了代码）

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\usetikzlibrary{patterns}

\pgfdeclarepatternformonly{myvertical lines}{\pgfpointorigin}{\pgfqpoint{1mm}{100pt}}{\pgfqpoint{1mm}{100pt}}% Adjust the second 1mm for your needs
{
  \pgfsetlinewidth{0.4pt} %Adjust this for the line thickness
  \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfqpoint{0.5pt}{0pt}}
  \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0.5pt}{100pt}}
  \pgfusepath{stroke}
}


\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
  \filldraw[pattern=myvertical lines] (0,0) -- (5,0) -- (0,2) -- cycle;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

图案 1mm

编辑：

以下是关于箭头提示的建议（修改后的代码如下：http://www.latex-community.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=45&t=16399)：

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}

\makeatletter
    \pgfarrowsdeclare{DIN}{DIN}
    {
      \pgfutil@tempdima=0.5pt%
      \advance\pgfutil@tempdima by.25\pgflinewidth%
      \pgfutil@tempdimb=7.29\pgfutil@tempdima\advance\pgfutil@tempdimb by.5\pgflinewidth%
      \pgfarrowsleftextend{+-\pgfutil@tempdimb}
      \pgfutil@tempdimb=.5\pgfutil@tempdima\advance\pgfutil@tempdimb by1.6\pgflinewidth%
      \pgfarrowsrightextend{+\pgfutil@tempdimb}
    }
    {
      \pgfutil@tempdima=0.5pt%
      \advance\pgfutil@tempdima by.25\pgflinewidth%
      \pgfsetdash{}{+0pt}
      \pgfsetmiterjoin
      \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpointadd{\pgfqpoint{0.5\pgfutil@tempdima}{0pt}}{\pgfqpoint{-4mm}{0.5mm}}}
      \pgfpathlineto{\pgfqpoint{0.5\pgfutil@tempdima}{0\pgfutil@tempdima}}
      \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpointadd{\pgfqpoint{0.5\pgfutil@tempdima}{0pt}}{\pgfqpoint{-4mm}{-0.5mm}}}
      \pgfpathclose
      \pgfusepathqfillstroke
    }
    \pgfarrowsdeclarereversed{DIN reversed}{DIN reversed}{DIN}{DIN}
    \makeatother

    \begin{document}
      \begin{tikzpicture}
        \draw[DIN-] (0,0.5) -- (2,0.5);
      \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Arrow DIN 尖端

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