我想要绘制的内容
我想绘制几个堆叠的 xbar 图，其中每个条形图包含两个值。每个 xbar 图的总数基于一个单位，即最小的条形代表“1”，而其他条形代表此图的倍数，例如 2 或 2.5 等。
每个堆叠图的两个值是百分比，即 80% 和 20%。
问题
在 X 轴上，我希望所有图的刻度从 0 到最大值，并且只有一个轴。在每个堆叠图上，我希望绘制一个从 0% 到 100% 的刻度。问题是：我只能在 X 轴上绘制绝对值，或者绘制每个条形图的百分比，但不能绘制混合图。
我想知道是否有办法为每个条形图设置类似局部坐标系的东西。或者有任何提示可以设置条形图比例的最小值和最大值。或者，我可以用什么方法将百分比的刻度乘以比例因子。
我迄今为止的代码：
%% my preamble
\documentclass[11pt, a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.5.1}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing,
calc,
matrix,
positioning,
pgfplots.dateplot,
shapes.geometric,
shapes.misc,
shapes.arrows,
shapes.symbols
}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfplotsset{
every linear axis/.append style =
{
width = 3cm,
font = \scriptsize,
%scale only axis %% uncommenting this results scales percentage over
%% absolute value: not desired
},
stacked/.style =
{
xbar stacked,
bar width = 5pt,
axis y line = none,
xmin = 0,
xmax = 40, %% largest value, needed to set absolute max
scale only axis %% commenting this results in too short percentage
%% scales
},
percent/.style =
{
xmin = 1,
ymin = 0,
ymax = 1,
axis y line = none,
axis x line* = top,
yshift = 0.5cm,
}
}
\begin{scope}[yshift = 4.75cm, xshift = 7cm]
\begin{axis}[stacked, axis x line = none]
\addplot coordinates { (14.45, 0) };
\addplot coordinates { ( 2.55, 0) };
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}
[percent, xmax = 17,
x coord trafo/.code= %% routine to transform absolute values into
%% percentages
{
\pgfmathparse{#1 / 17 * 100}
}]
\end{axis}
\end{scope}
%% almost the same as above. However, using the last entry to plot
%% absolute X-axis
\begin{scope}[yshift = 2.5cm, xshift = 7cm]
\begin{axis}[stacked, xmax = 40, axis x line* = bottom]
\addplot coordinates{ (32, 0) };
\addplot coordinates{ ( 8, 0) };
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[percent, xmax = 40,
x coord trafo/.code=
{
\pgfmathparse{#1 / 40 * 100}
}]
\end{axis}
\end{scope}
答案1
axis您可以使用 ，而不是使用第二个环境作为次要轴extra x ticks。这是一个.code在图表顶部添加百分比刻度的键。您无需提供最大值。
另一种选择（我个人更喜欢）是将百分比值添加到每个条形段。您可以使用 将节点放置在条形附近nodes near coords，然后使用 计算百分比\pgfmathparse{100*\pgfplotspointmeta/\pgfplots@axiswide@metamax}。这使得从图中读取实际百分比值更加容易。
带有两个 x 轴的绘图代码
\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\makeatletter
\pgfplotsset{
compat=1.5.1,
percentage ticks/.style={
before end axis/.code=\pgfplotsset{percentage ticks code}
},
percentage ticks code/.code={
\pgfmathfloattofixed{\pgfplots@axiswide@metamax}
\edef\pgfplotsaxiswidemetamax{\pgfmathresult}
\pgfmathsetmacro\step{\pgfplotsaxiswidemetamax/4}
\pgfplotsset{
xtick pos=left,
xlabel=Units,
extra description/.code={
\node [yshift=3ex, anchor=south] at (rel axis cs:0.5,1) {\%};
},
extra x ticks={0,\step,...,\pgfplotsaxiswidemetamax},
extra x tick labels={0,25,...,100},
extra x tick style={
xtick pos=right,
xticklabel pos=right
}
}
}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
xbar stacked,
xmin=0,
y=1cm,
hide y axis,
enlargelimits=false,
percentage ticks
]
\addplot coordinates { (14.45, 0) };
\addplot coordinates { ( 2.55, 0) };
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
带有每个条形标签的绘图代码
\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\makeatletter
\pgfplotsset{
compat=1.5.1,
percentage ticks/.code={
\pgfplotsset{
xtick pos=left,
axis x line*=left,
xlabel=Units,
nodes near coords={
\pgfkeys{
/pgf/fpu=true, % PGFplots uses floating points internally
/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed
}
\pgfmathparse{100*\pgfplotspointmeta/\pgfplots@axiswide@metamax}
\pgfmathprintnumber{\pgfmathresult}\,\%
},
every node near coord/.append style={yshift=1ex}
}
}
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
xbar stacked,
xmin=0,
y=0.5cm,
hide y axis,
percentage ticks,
enlargelimits=false
]
\addplot coordinates { (14.45, 0) };
\addplot coordinates { ( 2.55, 0) };
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}