如果这个问题在其他地方已经得到解答，我很抱歉，但我已经在留言板上搜索了好几个小时，并尝试修复方法...我觉得我的 MiKTeX / TexMakerX 安装出现了问题。
我刚刚安装了最新版本的 MiKTeX（64 位版本）和biblatex，并手动将最新版本放在biber.exeMiKTeX/bin文件夹中。
我bibtex在 TexMakerX 中设置的命令为
"C:/Program Files/MiKTeX 2.9/miktex/bin/biber.exe" %
并且我的“快速构建”功能设置为pdflatex - bibtex - pdflatex - pdflatex。
我一直在用 biblatex 样本进行测试（我将其称为sample.tex，biblatex-examples.bib下载在同一个文件夹中）
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/biblatex/doc/examples
调用pdflatexTHENbibtex会产生以下错误
warning - no file sample.aux
warning - no file sample.bbl
--a whole bunch of undefined citation errors--
warning - empty bibliography on input line 51 %whereever \printbibliography is placed
warning - file 'sample.out' has changed
warning - there were undefined references
please (re)run Biber on the file:(biblatex) sample(biblatex) and rerun LaTeX afterwards
biber根据命令窗口的请求运行将生成：
data source ....(long path out of Temp folder)...\inc\lib/Biber/LaTeX/recode_data.xml not found.
Compilation failed in require at Biber/Utils.pm line 20.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Biber/Uutils.pm line 20.
Compilation failed in require at Biber/Utils.pm line 8.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Biber/Uutils.pm line 8.
Compilation failed in require at (eval 24) line 2.
...propagated at C:/strawberry/perl/lib/base.pm line 94.
BEGIN failed--compilation abobrted at Biber.pm line 5.
Compilation failed in require at script.biber-MSWIN line 17.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at script.biber-MSWIN line 17.
.bib所以……本地文件和latex/系统之间似乎没有通信biblatex。经过这么多的折腾，我还是不知道该怎么办……