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两个代码块同步工作

tag-icon • tag-icon beamer formatting listings overlays code
两个代码块同步工作

我的 中需要两个代码块beamer frame。一个是代码，另一个是每行代码的输出。

我想要揭示每一行代码和相应的输出行。

首先它会显示

code 1 line 1
code 1 line 2




output 1

进而

code 1 line 1
code 1 line 2
code 2 line 1
code 2 line 2



output 1
output 2

我无法使用，semiverbatim因为我需要代码格式化。

这是我的代码：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{listings} %for listings of the source code

\lstset{basicstyle=\ttfamily}

\begin{document}

\lstset{language=sh}
\begin{lstlisting}
code 1
code 2
code 3
\end{lstlisting}

\begin{lstlisting}
output 1
output 2
output 3
\end{lstlisting}

\end{document}

有任何想法吗？

我能想到的唯一解决方案是，将每一行代码添加到单独的代码中savebox，然后为每个代码添加动画savebox。

答案1

简单组合突出显示代码列表中的文本，同时保持语法突出显示和思维导图 tikzpicture 在 beamer 中 (逐步显示)用一个计数器创造奇迹（我真的应该感谢丹尼尔:)）。

代码：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{listings}

\usetheme{CambridgeUS}

% Daniel's code:
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/55806/tikzpicture-in-beamer/55827#55827
  \tikzset{
    invisible/.style={opacity=0},
    visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
    alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
      \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} % \pgfkeysalso doesn't change the path
    },
  }

% Daniel's code:
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/15237/highlight-text-in-code-listing-while-also-keeping-syntax-highlighting/49309#49309

\newcounter{step}

\makeatletter
\newenvironment{btHighlight}[1][]
{\begingroup\tikzset{bt@Highlight@par/.style={#1}}\begin{lrbox}{\@tempboxa}}
{\end{lrbox}\bt@HL@box[bt@Highlight@par]{\@tempboxa}\endgroup}

\newcommand\btHL[1][]{%
  \begin{btHighlight}[#1]\bgroup\aftergroup\bt@HL@endenv%
}
\def\bt@HL@endenv{%
  \end{btHighlight}%   
  \egroup
}
\newcommand{\bt@HL@box}[2][]{%
  \tikz[#1]{%
    \pgfpathrectangle{\pgfpoint{0pt}{0pt}}{\pgfpoint{\wd #2}{\ht #2}}%
    \pgfusepath{use as bounding box}%
    \refstepcounter{step}
    \node[visible on=<\thestep->,anchor=base west,rounded corners, fill=none,outer sep=0pt,inner xsep=0.5pt, inner ysep=2pt,  #1]{\usebox{#2}};
  }%
}
\makeatother


\lstset{language=sh,
        basicstyle=\footnotesize\ttfamily,
        keywordstyle=\footnotesize\color{blue}\ttfamily,
        moredelim=**[is][\btHL]{|}{|},
}

\begin{document}
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Code}

\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{0.45\textwidth}
\setcounter{step}{0}
\begin{lstlisting}
|code 1|
|code 2|
|code 3|
\end{lstlisting}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{0.45\textwidth}
\setcounter{step}{0}
\begin{lstlisting}
|output 1|
|output 2|
|output 3|
\end{lstlisting}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

结果：

在此处输入图片描述

样式visible on负责使代码可见：序列是通过计数器实现的step，计数器在代码突出显示的每个步骤中递增。为了使代码和输出同步后，只需在打开lstlisting环境之前重置计数器。

免责声明

我使用了columns环境，因为在这种情况下看起来更好，但没有它解决方案也可以工作。

改进的解决方案：可自定义覆盖代码块和不透明度

要显示一行代码块，事情会稍微复杂一些：我们需要另一个计数器不会增加的环境。因此，我们最终得到了两种类型的分隔符：第一种让计数器增加（您应该将其用于代码块的第一行），第二种保留先前的值，以便当前行显示在代码块第一行的同一覆盖层中（将其用于所有其他代码行）。

为了自定义线条的不透明度，引入了一个特定的键：

\pgfkeys{/tikz/.cd,
  set opacity/.initial=0,
  set opacity/.get=\opacity,
  set opacity/.store in=\opacity,
}

应用于：

\tikzset{
  invisible/.style={opacity=\opacity},
  visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
  alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
    \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} % \pgfkeysalso doesn't change the path
  },
}

最初，不透明度设置为，0因此代码神奇地出现：在示例中展示了如何修改它以获得一些半透明效果。

代码：

\documentclass{beamer}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{listings}

\usetheme{CambridgeUS}

% key to customize the opacity
\pgfkeys{/tikz/.cd,
  set opacity/.initial=0,
  set opacity/.get=\opacity,
  set opacity/.store in=\opacity,
}

% Daniel's code:
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/55806/tikzpicture-in-beamer/55827#55827
\tikzset{
  invisible/.style={opacity=\opacity},
  visible on/.style={alt=#1{}{invisible}},
  alt/.code args={<#1>#2#3}{%
    \alt<#1>{\pgfkeysalso{#2}}{\pgfkeysalso{#3}} % \pgfkeysalso doesn't change the path
  },
}

% Daniel's code:
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/15237/highlight-text-in-code-listing-while-also-keeping-syntax-highlighting/49309#49309

\newcounter{step}

\makeatletter
\newenvironment{btHighlight}[1][]
{\begingroup\tikzset{bt@Highlight@par/.style={#1}}\begin{lrbox}{\@tempboxa}}
{\end{lrbox}\bt@HL@box[bt@Highlight@par]{\@tempboxa}\endgroup}

\newcommand\btHL[1][]{%
  \begin{btHighlight}[#1]\bgroup\aftergroup\bt@HL@endenv%
}
\def\bt@HL@endenv{%
  \end{btHighlight}%   
  \egroup
}
\newcommand{\bt@HL@box}[2][]{%
  \tikz[#1]{%
    \pgfpathrectangle{\pgfpoint{0pt}{0pt}}{\pgfpoint{\wd #2}{\ht #2}}%
    \pgfusepath{use as bounding box}%
    \refstepcounter{step}
    \node[visible on=<\thestep->,anchor=base west,rounded corners, fill=none,outer sep=0pt,inner xsep=0.5pt, inner ysep=2pt,  #1]{\usebox{#2}};
  }%
}

\newenvironment{btHighlights}[1][]
{\begingroup\tikzset{bt@Highlights@par/.style={#1}}\begin{lrbox}{\@tempboxa}}
{\end{lrbox}\bt@HLs@box[bt@Highlights@par]{\@tempboxa}\endgroup}

\newcommand\btHLs[1][]{%
  \begin{btHighlights}[#1]\bgroup\aftergroup\bt@HLs@endenv%
}
\def\bt@HLs@endenv{%
  \end{btHighlights}%   
  \egroup
}
\newcommand{\bt@HLs@box}[2][]{%
  \tikz[#1]{%
    \pgfpathrectangle{\pgfpoint{0pt}{0pt}}{\pgfpoint{\wd #2}{\ht #2}}%
    \pgfusepath{use as bounding box}%
    \node[visible on=<\thestep->,anchor=base west,rounded corners, fill=none,outer sep=0pt,inner xsep=0.5pt, inner ysep=2pt,  #1]{\usebox{#2}};
  }%
}
\makeatother

\lstset{language=sh,
        basicstyle=\footnotesize\ttfamily,
        keywordstyle=\footnotesize\color{blue}\ttfamily,
        moredelim=**[is][\btHL]{|}{|}, % counter increased
        moredelim=**[is][\btHLs]{`}{`}, % counter not increased
}


\begin{document}
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Code}

\begin{columns}
\begin{column}{0.45\textwidth}
\setcounter{step}{0}
\begin{lstlisting}

|code 1 line 1|
`code 1 line 2`
`code 1 line 3`

|code 2 line 1|
`code 2 line 2`

|code 3 line 1|
`code 3 line 2`
`code 3 line 3`
`code 3 line 4`
\end{lstlisting}
\end{column}
\begin{column}{0.45\textwidth}
\setcounter{step}{0}
\tikzset{set opacity=0.2}
\begin{lstlisting}
|output 1|
|output 2|
|output 3|
\end{lstlisting}
\end{column}
\end{columns}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

结果：

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

这就是我最终所做的……

\documentclass{beamer}

\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{palatino}
\usepackage{lmodern}


\setbeamertemplate{blocks}[rounded]


\lstset{
    basicstyle=\ttfamily\tiny\setstretch{1},
    aboveskip=-40pt,
    breaklines=true,
    frame=leftline
}


\begin{document}

\begin{frame}[fragile, t]{Quotes}
    \vspace{4mm} \begin{block}{}<2-> \begin{lstlisting}
str1 = "Hello World!"
print str1
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-1.5mm} \begin{block}{}<3-> \begin{lstlisting}
str2 = 'Hello World!'
print str2
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-1.5mm} \begin{block}{}<4-> \begin{lstlisting}
str3 = "Don't do that!"
print str3
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-1.5mm} \begin{block}{}<5-> \begin{lstlisting}
str4 = 'Don\'t do that!'
print str4
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{1mm} \begin{block}{}<6-> \begin{lstlisting}
str5 = "This is a long line with double quotes here\", here\" and here\" and single quotes here', here' and here'."
print str5
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{1mm} \begin{block}{}<7-> \begin{lstlisting}
str6 = """This is a long line with double quotes here", here" and here" and single quotes here', here' and here'."""
print str6
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{1mm} \begin{block}{}<8-> \begin{lstlisting}
str7 = '''This is a long line with double quotes here", here" and here" and single quotes here', here' and here'.'''
print str7
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \begin{block}{}<2-> \begin{lstlisting}
Hello World!
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-4mm} \begin{block}{}<3-> \begin{lstlisting}
Hello World!
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-4mm} \begin{block}{}<4-> \begin{lstlisting}
Don't do that!
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-4mm} \begin{block}{}<5-> \begin{lstlisting}
Don't do that!
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-1.5mm} \begin{block}{}<6-> \begin{lstlisting}
This is a long line with double quotes here", here" and here" and single quotes here', here' and here'.
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-1.5mm} \begin{block}{}<7-> \begin{lstlisting}
This is a long line with double quotes here", here" and here" and single quotes here', here' and here'.
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}

    \vspace{-1.5mm} \begin{block}{}<8-> \begin{lstlisting}
This is a long line with double quotes here", here" and here" and single quotes here', here' and here'.
    \end{lstlisting} \end{block}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

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