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如何建立节点间的平行路径？

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如何建立节点间的平行路径？

我想用 TikZ 创建一个图形：

想要的结果

我首先尝试使用以下代码（备注：底部完成 MWE）：

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\end{tikzpicture}

在此处输入图片描述

我创建了两个节点 A 和 B，并在它们之间绘制了两条路径。但是第二个覆盖了第一个。

然后我尝试移动第二条路径，但起点和终点也发生了移动：

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3,transform canvas={shift={(-0.2,-0.2)}}] (A) |-( B);  %   shift complete path
\end{tikzpicture}

在此处输入图片描述

然后我尝试用度数修改起点和终点（现在以三条线为例）：

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3] (A.80) |-( B.190);  %set target with angle
\path [draw,green, line width=3] (A.70) |-( B.200); %set target with angle
\end{tikzpicture}

这看起来不错（见我的第一张图片），但它是尝试和错误获得正确的度数。如果节点形状发生变化，两个路径之间的距离也会发生变化，我必须寻找另一个度数。

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{5cm}}; %modified node
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3] (A.80) |-( B.190);  %set target with angle
\path [draw,green, line width=3] (A.70) |-( B.200); %set target with angle
\end{tikzpicture}

在此处输入图片描述

我最后一次尝试是使用偏移量来表示开始和结束位置：

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3]  (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3] (A.north)+(0.2,0) |-( B.west)+(0,-0.2);
\end{tikzpicture}

在此处输入图片描述

要使用偏移，我必须确定起始方向（北、西……）。在我的示例中，起始点没问题，但路径的第二部分没有移动。

我还发现TikZ 节点之间的平行边，但我找不到使用它的方法。

有没有更简单的方法来创建并行路径？我不想需要尝试和错误方法找到正确的位置。我最后一次尝试的偏移量似乎是合乎逻辑的版本，但结束位置存在问题。

这是我的 MWE：

\documentclass[]{scrartcl}

\usepackage{tikz}
% ----------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{document}

\tikzstyle{block} = [draw=black,very thick, rectangle, rounded corners]

\section{Problem: Pathes are overwritten}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\end{tikzpicture}

\section{Shift path}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3,transform canvas={shift={(-0.2,-0.2)}}] (A) |-( B);  %   shift complete path
\end{tikzpicture}

\section{Set point with degrees}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3] (A.80) |-( B.190);  %set target with angle
\path [draw,green, line width=3] (A.70) |-( B.200); %set target with angle
\end{tikzpicture}

\subsection{But with other nodes}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{5cm}}; %modified node
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3] (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3] (A.80) |-( B.190);  %set target with angle
\path [draw,green, line width=3] (A.70) |-( B.200); %set target with angle
\end{tikzpicture}

\section{Use offsets}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};

\path [draw,red, line width=3]  (A) |-( B);
\path [draw,blue, line width=3] (A.north)+(0.2,0) |- ( B.west)+(0,-0.2);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}
% ----------------------------------------------------------------

答案1

这里有两种方法可以做到这一点。第一种方法使用辅助节点 (C)，因为我无法对坐标计算进行分组。第二种方法使用 calc 包并进行现场计算。颜色和距离在 foreach 循环中成对给出，因此您可以控制所有线条的放置位置。

\documentclass[]{scrartcl}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
% ----------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{document}
\tikzstyle{block} = [draw=black,very thick, rectangle, rounded corners]  
\section{Solution: shift lines with extra coordinate}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\foreach \s/\col in {0/red, 0.2/blue, 0.4/green}{
  \coordinate[yshift=-\s cm] (C) at (B.west);
  \path [draw,\col, line width=2] (A.north)+(\s cm,0) |- (C);
}
\end{tikzpicture}

\section{Solution: shift lines using calc package}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
\foreach \s/\col in {0/red, 0.2/blue, 0.4/green}{
  \path [draw,\col, line width=2] (A.north)+(\s cm,0) |- ($(B.west)-(0,\s cm)$);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

如果您希望线条居中，只需在 foreach \foreach \s/\col in {-0.2/red, 0/blue, 0.2/green}{...} 中使用

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

你可以使用到路径来做到这一点。（我决定使用不相交的线，但如果你想让它们相交，那应该是微不足道的。）

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\tikzset{double -|/.style={to path={%
    ($(\tikztostart)+(0,1pt)$) -| ($(\tikztotarget)+(-1pt,0)$)
    ($(\tikztostart)+(0,-1pt)$) -| ($(\tikztotarget)+(1pt,0)$)
}}}
\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
       \draw (0,0) to[double -|] (1,1);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案3

我已经使用后续操作来绘制两条附加线，并缩短它们以使端点适合。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\begin{document}
\tikzstyle{block} = [draw=black,very thick, rectangle, rounded corners]
\tikzstyle{mytriple} = [red, line width=3, postaction={transform canvas={shift={(0.2,-0.2)}}, draw, blue, line width=3, shorten >=0.2cm, shorten <=0.2cm},%
  postaction={transform canvas={shift={(0.4,-0.4)}}, draw, green, line width=3, shorten >=0.4cm, shorten <=0.4cm}]

\begin{tikzpicture}
  \node [block] (A) at (0,0) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
  \node [block] (B) at (5,5) {\rule{2cm}{2cm}};
  \draw [mytriple] (A) |- (B);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

三倍

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