带参数的特定 tikz 形状

Question

这个想法是为了定义几种有用的形状，例如在控制方案中。

例如，可以定义一个通用的转换形状，而不是为每一次转换创建一个形状。

上图对应的代码是用

\documentclass[tikz]{minimal}

\def\alphabetatodq{
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \draw[rounded corners=5pt] (0,0) rectangle (1,1);
  \draw (0.1,0.1) -- (.9,.9);
  \node at (0.25,0.8) {$\alpha\beta$};
  \node at (0.75,0.2) {dq};
\end{tikzpicture}
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \node at (0,0) {\alphabetatodq};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

另一个要求是，在我使用 \def 进行测试之后，尝试连接它时，它会导致形状周围出现空白。

代码如下

\documentclass[tikz]{minimal}

\def\alphabetatodq{
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \draw[rounded corners=5pt] (0,0) rectangle (1,1);
  \draw (0.1,0.1) -- (.9,.9);
  \node at (0.25,0.8) {$\alpha\beta$};
  \node at (0.75,0.2) {dq};
\end{tikzpicture}
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \node (a) at (0,0) {\alphabetatodq};
  \draw (-2,0) -- (a) -- (2,0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

如果这个概念可以扩展到没有内部参数内容的形状，那么这一切都会很好。

---

像这样的小技巧可以解决白色周围的间距问题

\documentclass[tikz]{minimal}
\def\alphabetatodq{
    \begin{tikzpicture}
      \draw[rounded corners=5pt] (0,0) rectangle (1,1);
      \draw (0.1,0.1) -- (.9,.9);
      \node at (0.25,0.8) {$\alpha\beta$};
      \node at (0.75,0.2) {dq};
    \end{tikzpicture}
    }

    \begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \node[draw,rounded corners=5pt] (a) at (0,0) {\dctoac};
  \draw (-2,0) -- (a) -- (2,0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1

以下是通过append after command和解决的解决方案pgfinterruptpath：

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}

\tikzset {
  convert/.style 2 args={
    minimum size=1cm,
    rounded corners=5pt,
    append after command={
      \pgfextra{
        \pgfinterruptpath
        \path (\tikzlastnode.north west)
        node[inner sep=2pt,anchor=north west]{#1};
        \path (\tikzlastnode.south east)
        node[inner sep=2pt,anchor=south east]{#2};
        \draw ([shift={(1mm, 1mm)}]\tikzlastnode.south west)
        -- ([shift={(-1mm, -1mm)}]\tikzlastnode.north east);
        \endpgfinterruptpath
      }
    },
  }
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \node[draw,convert={DC}{AC}] (a) at (0,2) {};
  \node[draw,convert={$\alpha\beta$}{dq}] (b) at (2,2) {};
  \draw (-2,2) -- (a) -- (b) -- (4,2);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

这里有一个形状叫做split rectangle with rounded corners。它实际上支持使用键为每个角设置不同的半径

• /pgf/rectangle with rounded corners north west radius，
• /pgf/rectangle with rounded corners north east radius，
• /pgf/rectangle with rounded corners south west radius， 和
• /pgf/rectangle with rounded corners south east radius。

/pgf/rectangle with rounded corners radius将所有半径设置为相同长度的关键。

这可能不是定义该形状的最有效方法，但它考虑到了outer separators。

然而，它确实不是支持不同的外部分隔符。它还不检查角的半径是否太大。它没有考虑对角线的线宽，希望在大多数情况下这不是问题。

对角线相对于节点始终呈 45° 角。节点部分和线将被包围在一个正方形中。这个正方形将始终伸展（如果minimum width/minimum height大于可能的最小正方形）。

需要PGF 库intersection来查找圆角部分的形状边框。

由于代码相当庞大，我没有在这个答案中发布它，但它可以在tikzlibraryshapes.qrr.roundedrectangle.code.tex.
使用\usetikzlibrary{shapes.qrr.roundedrectangle}以加载。

代码

\documentclass[tikz,convert=false]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.qrr.roundedrectangle}
\tikzset{
  shape example/.style={
    color=black!30,
    draw,
    fill=yellow!30,
    line width=.5cm,
    inner xsep=2.5cm,
    inner ysep=0.5cm}
}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[
  draw,
  split rectangle with rounded corners,
  rectangle with rounded corners radius=5pt,
  line cap=round,
  minimum size=1cm
] (n) {$\alpha\beta$ \nodepart{lower} dq};
\foreach \Angle in {0,2.5,...,359} \draw (\Angle:1) -- (n);
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}\Huge
  \node[draw,split rectangle with rounded corners,shape example,rectangle with rounded corners radius=50pt] (n) {\TeX t \nodepart{lower} more \TeX t};
  \foreach \Pos/\Anchor/\Text in {left/below north west,above right/right north west,
                                  above left/left north east,right/below north east,
                                  right/above south east,below left/left south east,
                                  below right/right south west,left/above south west}
    \draw[thin] plot[mark=x,only marks] coordinates {
    (n.\Anchor)} node[\Pos,text depth=+0pt,text height=+3pt] {\tiny\ttfamily\Text};

  \foreach \Pos/\Anchor/\Text in {above/center,above/north,left/west,right/east,below/south,
                                  above left/north west,below left/south west,
                                  below right/south east,above right/north east}
    \draw[thin] plot[mark=x,only marks] coordinates {
      (n.\Anchor)} node[\Pos,text depth=+0pt,text height=+3pt] {\tiny\ttfamily\Text};

  \foreach \Pos/\Anchor/\Text in {above left/mid west,above right/mid east,above/mid,
                                  left/base west,right/base east,
                                  below/base,below/text,below/lower}
    \draw[thin] plot[mark=x,only marks] coordinates {
      (n.\Anchor)} node[\Pos,text depth=+0pt,text height=+3pt] {\tiny\ttfamily\Text};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出