我对 LaTeX 还很陌生。使用 MiKTeX 时，它的便携版本出现了以下问题。我在这里写下代码和最终的错误：
\documentclass[cover]{isas-seminar}
\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[babel]{csquotes}
\usepackage{listings}
\lstset{language=matlab}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\eventtype{Praktikum}
\title{Auswertung von Versuchsdaten aus
Operationen am schlagenden Herzen}
\author{X}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\begin{abstract}
%Hier eine kommt die Zusammenfassung
\item Korrelieren der Daten.
\end{enumerate}
\end{abstract}
\clearpage
\tableofcontents
\cleardoublepage
\subsection{Drucksensor}
Drucksensor misst den Druck von Herz.
\subsection{EKG}
Das Elektrokardiogramm(EKG) ist die Aufzeichnung der Summe
der elektrischen Aktivitäten aller Herzmuskelfasern.
\end{thebibliography}
\end{document}
结果是：
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.4-1.40.13 (MiKTeX 2.9)
entering extended mode
(G:/localtexmf/tex/latex/asymptote/vorlage.pdf.tex
LaTeX2e <2011/06/27>
Babel <v3.8m> and hyphenation patterns for english, afrikaans, ancientgreek, ar
abic, armenian, assamese, basque, bengali, bokmal, bulgarian, catalan, coptic,
croatian, czech, danish, dutch, esperanto, estonian, farsi, finnish, french, ga
lician, german, german-x-2012-05-30, greek, gujarati, hindi, hungarian, iceland
ic, indonesian, interlingua, irish, italian, kannada, kurmanji, latin, latvian,
lithuanian, malayalam, marathi, mongolian, mongolianlmc, monogreek, ngerman, n
german-x-2012-05-30, nynorsk, oriya, panjabi, pinyin, polish, portuguese, roman
ian, russian, sanskrit, serbian, slovak, slovenian, spanish, swedish, swissgerm
an, tamil, telugu, turkish, turkmen, ukenglish, ukrainian, uppersorbian, usengl
ishmax, welsh, loaded.
(G:\localtexmf\tex\latex\asymptote\isas-seminar.cls
Document Class: isas-seminar 2005/04/13 The ISAS seminar class
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\eso-pic\eso-pic.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\atbegshi.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\infwarerr.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\ltxcmds.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\ifpdf.sty))
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\graphics\keyval.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\xcolor\xcolor.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\00miktex\color.cfg)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\pdftex-def\pdftex.def)))
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\type1cm\type1cm.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amsmath.sty
For additional information on amsmath, use the `?' option.
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amstext.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amsgen.sty))
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amsbsy.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\amsmath\amsopn.sty))
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\base\article.cls
Document Class: article 2007/10/19 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\base\size10.clo))
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\geometry\geometry.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\ifvtex.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\ifxetex\ifxetex.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\geometry\geometry.cfg))
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\german\ngerman.sty v2.5e 1998-07-08)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\fancyhdr\fancyhdr.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\hyperref\hyperref.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\hobsub-hyperref.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\generic\oberdiek\hobsub-generic.sty))
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\oberdiek\auxhook.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\oberdiek\kvoptions.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\hyperref\pd1enc.def)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\00miktex\hyperref.cfg)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\ltxmisc\url.sty))
Package hyperref Message: Driver: hpdftex.
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\hyperref\hpdftex.def
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\oberdiek\rerunfilecheck.sty))
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\graphics\graphicx.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\graphics\graphics.sty
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\graphics\trig.sty)
(G:\Softwares\Latex\tex\latex\00miktex\graphics.cfg)))
! LaTeX Error: Option clash for package color.
See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation.
Type H <return> for immediate help.
...
l.114 \RequirePackage
{float}
?
这是isas-seminar.cls：
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Identification
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{isas-seminar}[2005/04/13 The ISAS seminar class]
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Preliminary declarations
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newcommand{\cover}{}
%\RequirePackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\RequirePackage{eso-pic}
\RequirePackage{type1cm}
\RequirePackage{amsmath}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Options
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\eventtype#1{\gdef\@eventtype{#1}}
\global\let\@eventtype\@empty
\DeclareOption{cover}{
\def\gruppe#1{\gdef\@gruppe{#1}}
\global\let\@gruppe\@empty
\def\seminartitle#1{\gdef\@seminartitle{#1}}
\global\let\@seminartitle\@empty
\setlength\textwidth{16cm}
\renewcommand{\cover}{
\definecolor{covertextblue}{rgb}{0.4,0.4,0.6}
\AddToShipoutPicture{
\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}
\put(0.3,1){
\includegraphics{isas-watermark.pdf}}
}
\pagestyle{empty}
\vspace{-1cm}
\fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{b}\color{covertextblue}
\fontshape{sl}
\begin{center}
~\\[1cm]
\fontsize{25}{30}\selectfont
\@eventtype\\
\fontsize{34}{43}\selectfont
\@seminartitle\\
\fontsize{25}{30}\selectfont
\@date\\
\end{center}
\fontseries{m}%
\fontshape{n}
\fontsize{25}{30}
\color{covertextblue}
\selectfont
\begin{center}
\rotatebox[origin=c,units=360]{30}{
\hspace{-2.3cm}
\setlength{\fboxrule}{2pt}
\fbox{
\begin{minipage}{20cm}
\centering
\@author\\
\@title
\end{minipage}
}
\setlength{\fboxrule}{1pt}
}
\end{center}
\vspace{2cm}
\clearpage
\ClearShipoutPicture
\pagecolor{white}
\parbox{16cm}{}
\clearpage
\pagestyle{empty}
}
}
\ProcessOptions\relax
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Main declarations
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\LoadClass[twoside]{article}
\setlength{\parindent}{0em}
\setlength{\parskip}{1.5ex plus0.5ex minus0.2ex}
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.2}
\setlength{\fboxrule}{1pt}
\setlength{\fboxsep}{3mm}
\clubpenalty=100000
\widowpenalty=1000000
\brokenpenalty=1000000
\finalhyphendemerits=1000000
\renewcommand{\normalsize}{\fontsize{12pt}{14pt}\selectfont}
\RequirePackage[a4paper,hmargin=2cm,vmargin=1.5cm,includeheadfoot]{geometry}
\RequirePackage{ngerman}
\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
\RequirePackage[pdftex,hypertexnames=false,colorlinks,linkcolor=black,citecolor=black]{hyperref}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\fancyhead[OR,EL]{\sffamily\footnotesize Intelligente Sensor-Aktor-Systeme (ISAS), Universit\"at Karlsruhe}
\fancyhead[OL,ER]{\sffamily\footnotesize \@eventtype ~ \@seminartitle}
\fancyfoot[OR,EL]{\sffamily\small\thepage}
\fancyfoot[OC,EC]{\sffamily\footnotesize ISAS.uni-karlsruhe.de}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.1pt}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.1pt}
\RequirePackage[pdftex]{graphicx, color}
\RequirePackage{float}
%\RequirePackage[float]{caption2}
\RequirePackage{caption}
\renewcommand*\captionfont{\sffamily}
\renewcommand*\captionlabelfont{\sffamily\bfseries}
\renewcommand{\maketitle}{%
{
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1}
\cover
\fontsize{20}{22}
%\huge
\fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{bx}%
\selectfont\normalcolor
\thispagestyle{empty}
\setcounter{page}{1}
\begin{center}
\@title\\
\fontsize{18}{22}
%\LARGE
\fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{b}%
\fontshape{sl}\selectfont\normalcolor
\vspace{0.5ex}
-- \@eventtype:~\@seminartitle --\\
\vspace{1ex}
\fontsize{16}{19}\fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{m}%
\fontshape{n}\selectfont\normalcolor
\@author\\
\vspace{0.5ex}
\fontsize{14}{17}\fontfamily{phv}\fontseries{m}%
\fontshape{n}\selectfont\normalcolor
\@date\\
\vspace{1ex}
\end{center}}
}
\renewenvironment{abstract}{%
\normalsize
\begin{center}%
{\sffamily\bfseries\normalsize\abstractname}%\vspace{\z@}}%
\end{center}%
\quotation\vspace{-1cm}
{\endquotation}
}
\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
{\sffamily\Large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
{\sffamily\large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
{-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%
{1.5ex \@plus .2ex}%
{\sffamily\normalsize\bfseries}}%
\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%
{-1em}%
{\sffamily\normalsize\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\parindent}
{3.25ex \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}
{-1em}
{\sffamily\normalsize\bfseries}}
\def\rv#1{{\mathbf #1}} %Random Variable
\def\vec#1{\underline{#1}} %Vector
\def\rvv#1{{\vec{\rv{#1}}}} %Random Vector
\def\mat#1{{\mathbf #1}} %Matrix
\def\Var{\mathrm{Var}} %Variance
\def\E{\mathrm{E}} %Expectation
\def\Cov{\mathrm{Cov}} %Covariance
\def\IN{\mathrm{I\hspace{-2pt}N}} %Natural Numbers
\def\IR{\mathrm{I\hspace{-2pt}R}} %Real Numbers
答案1
该课程isas-seminar似乎写得不太好。
错误的原因在于第 113 行isas-seminar.cls：
\RequirePackage[pdftex]{graphicx,color}
更改为：
\RequirePackage{graphicx}
\RequirePackage{color}
请不要更改原始文件ìsas-seminar.cls。例如my-isas-seminar.cls，将其复制到，在那里更改代码，然后将类my-isias-seminar用于您的工作。
经过一些修正，它可能看起来像这样（基于您的 MWE）：
\documentclass[cover]{my-isas-seminar}
\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[babel]{csquotes}
\usepackage{listings}
\lstset{language=matlab}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\eventtype{Praktikum}
\seminartitle{Seminartitel}
\title{Auswertung von Versuchsdaten aus Operationen am schlagenden Herzen}
\author{Name}
%\date{Datum}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\begin{abstract}
%Hier eine kommt die Zusammenfassung
\begin{enumerate}
\item Korrelieren der Daten.
\end{enumerate}
\end{abstract}
\clearpage
\tableofcontents
\cleardoublepage
\section{Drucksensor}
Drucksensor misst den Druck von Herz.
\subsection{EKG}
Das Elektrokardiogramm(EKG) ist die Aufzeichnung der Summe
der elektrischen Aktivitäten aller Herzmuskelfasern.
\end{document}