人工神经网络图

Question

我需要画一些图，但我不知道该怎么做。

首先，具有基本形状、箭头等的简单图形……

然后，在数学环境中用数学符号或公式绘制一幅图。就像这样：

请帮我画两张图。如果您不介意的话，请给我一些可以帮助我轻松绘制并生成 latex 代码的工具，或者一些可以帮助我快速学习的文档。感谢您的帮助

Answer 1

一种可能性是，第一个图是使用 绘制的matrix；第二个图是使用 绘制的chains：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,chains,positioning,decorations.pathreplacing,arrows}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[
plain/.style={
  draw=none,
  fill=none,
  },
net/.style={
  matrix of nodes,
  nodes={
    draw,
    circle,
    inner sep=10pt
    },
  nodes in empty cells,
  column sep=2cm,
  row sep=-9pt
  },
>=latex
]
\matrix[net] (mat)
{
|[plain]| \parbox{1.3cm}{\centering Input\\layer} & |[plain]| \parbox{1.3cm}{\centering Hidden\\layer} & |[plain]| \parbox{1.3cm}{\centering Output\\layer} \\
& |[plain]| \\
|[plain]| & \\
& |[plain]| \\
  |[plain]| & |[plain]| \\
& & \\
  |[plain]| & |[plain]| \\
& |[plain]| \\
  |[plain]| & \\
& |[plain]| \\    };
\foreach \ai [count=\mi ]in {2,4,...,10}
  \draw[<-] (mat-\ai-1) -- node[above] {Input \mi} +(-2cm,0);
\foreach \ai in {2,4,...,10}
{\foreach \aii in {3,6,9}
  \draw[->] (mat-\ai-1) -- (mat-\aii-2);
}
\foreach \ai in {3,6,9}
  \draw[->] (mat-\ai-2) -- (mat-6-3);
\draw[->] (mat-6-3) -- node[above] {Ouput} +(2cm,0);
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}[
init/.style={
  draw,
  circle,
  inner sep=2pt,
  font=\Huge,
  join = by -latex
},
squa/.style={
  draw,
  inner sep=2pt,
  font=\Large,
  join = by -latex
},
start chain=2,node distance=13mm
]
\node[on chain=2] 
  (x2) {$x_2$};
\node[on chain=2,join=by o-latex] 
  {$w_2$};
\node[on chain=2,init] (sigma) 
  {$\displaystyle\Sigma$};
\node[on chain=2,squa,label=above:{\parbox{2cm}{\centering Activate \\ function}}]   
  {$f$};
\node[on chain=2,label=above:Output,join=by -latex] 
  {$y$};
\begin{scope}[start chain=1]
\node[on chain=1] at (0,1.5cm) 
  (x1) {$x_1$};
\node[on chain=1,join=by o-latex] 
  (w1) {$w_1$};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[start chain=3]
\node[on chain=3] at (0,-1.5cm) 
  (x3) {$x_3$};
\node[on chain=3,label=below:Weights,join=by o-latex] 
  (w3) {$w_3$};
\end{scope}
\node[label=above:\parbox{2cm}{\centering Bias \\ $b$}] at (sigma|-w1) (b) {};

\draw[-latex] (w1) -- (sigma);
\draw[-latex] (w3) -- (sigma);
\draw[o-latex] (b) -- (sigma);

\draw[decorate,decoration={brace,mirror}] (x1.north west) -- node[left=10pt] {Inputs} (x3.south west);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}