数轴和阴影线

Question

如何像下面这样用 TikZ 绘制数轴和阴影线？

Answer 1

仅用于 PSTricks 打字练习。未经简化，它包含487 个字符。

\documentclass[pstricks,border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pst-eucl}
\begin{document}
\begin{pspicture}(-4,-.5)(7.5,1)
    \psset{arrows=->}
    \pstGeonode[PointName={-3,-2,4,6},PosAngle=-90](-3,0){A}(-2,0){B}(4,0){C}(6,0){D}
    \uput{1.2}[0](D){$x$}
    \ncline[nodesep=-1]{A}{D}
    \psline(A)(A|0,1)([nodesep=-1,offset=1]A)
    \psframe[fillstyle=hlines](C)(D|0,.5)
    \psline{o-o}(B)(B|0,.5)(D|0,.5)(D)
    \psline(C)(C|0,1)([nodesep=3,offset=1]C)
\end{pspicture}
\end{document}

为了获得更大的点和箭头，将 替换\psset{arrows=->}为\psset{arrows=->,dotscale=2,arrowscale=2}。因此输出变为如下。

Answer 2

最简单的tikz解决方案：

\documentclass[varwidth,border=3pt]{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[even odd rule,pattern=north east lines,pattern color=black!30] (4, 0) rectangle (6, 1);
    \draw[->] (-4, 0) -- (8, 0);
    \draw (-2, 0) |- (4, 1) -| (6, 0);
    \draw[->] (4, 0) |- (7, 2);
    \draw[->] (-3, 0) |- (-4, 2);
    \draw[fill=black] (-3, 0) circle (1mm) node[below] {$-3$};
    \draw[fill=white] (-2, 0) circle (1mm) node[below] {$-2$};
    \draw[fill=black] (4, 0) circle (1mm) node[below] {$4$};
    \draw[fill=white] (6, 0) circle (1mm) node[below] {$6$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}