内联数学中的对齐

Question

我想用tabular括号括起一个环境，放在enumerate环境内部，然后顶部对齐。

在以下示例中：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}
  \item
    \(\left.\begin{tabular}{l}
      First line\\
      Second line\\
      Third line
    \end{tabular}\right\}\)
    Text
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}

我得到了一切居中， 并不是顶部对齐：

如果我要求tabular在顶部对齐，那么内联数学仍然不是，所以会发生以下情况：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}
  \item
    \(\left.\begin{tabular}[t]{l}
      First line\\
      Second line\\
      Third line
    \end{tabular}\right\}\)
    Text
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}

有什么方法可以告诉内联数学也与顶部对齐？

Answer 1

我会定义一个新的环境并使用adjustbox它。原理与 Heiko 的回答相同。

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{adjustbox,varwidth,xparse}

\NewDocumentEnvironment{bracedrows}{m}
  {\begin{adjustbox}{valign=t}%
   $\kern-\nulldelimiterspace\left.
   \begin{tabular}{@{}l@{}}}
  {\end{tabular}\right\rbrace
   \begin{varwidth}{.5\linewidth}#1\end{varwidth}$%
   \end{adjustbox}}

\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}
\item \begin{bracedrows}{Text}
      First line\\
      Second line\\
      Third line
      \end{bracedrows}

\item \begin{bracedrows}{Text in \\ two lines}
      One\\
      Two\\
      Three
      \end{bracedrows}
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}

确保varwidth您的侧面文字仅占用必要的宽度。

Answer 2

\raisebox就可以了。 的内容高度\raisebox为\height。tabular环境将具有因子的支柱放在行中。由于表格的第一行仅包含普通文本，因此支柱很可能更大（并且可能大于花括号的延伸）。然后可以按以下方式计算\arraystretch的参数：\raisbox

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}
  \item
    \raisebox{%
      \dimexpr
        \arraystretch\dimexpr.7\baselineskip\relax
        -\height
      \relax
    }{%
      \(\left.\begin{tabular}{l}
        First line\\
        Second line\\
        Third line
      \end{tabular}\right\}\)
      \parbox{0.5\linewidth}{Text}%
    }%
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}

这个神奇的数字0.7来自于支柱的定义latex.ltx：

\setbox\strutbox\hbox{%
  \vrule\@height.7\baselineskip
  \@depth.3\baselineskip
  \@width\z@
}%

Atabular添加这些支柱，并乘以\arraystretch以获得更均匀的线间距。

因此，源文件可以在没有魔法数字的情况下简化为：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}
  \item
    \raisebox{%
      \dimexpr
        \arraystretch\ht\strutbox
        -\height
      \relax
    }{%
      \(\left.\begin{tabular}{l}
        First line\\
        Second line\\
        Third line
      \end{tabular}\right\}\)
      \parbox{0.5\linewidth}{Text}%
    }%
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}

这\arraystretch\ht\strutbox是第一行的高度和\height的实际高度tabular。

Answer 3

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{multirow,bigdelim}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}
  \item
   \begin{tabular}[t]{ll}
        First line & \rdelim{\}}{3}{2.5cm}[Text]\\
        Second line\\
        Third line
      \end{tabular}
\item foo
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}

Answer 4

尝试使用 TikZ

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\pagestyle{empty}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}
\begin{document}
\begin{enumerate}
    \item
        \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(X.base)]
            \node[inner sep=0pt] (X) {
                \begin{tabular}[t]{l}
                    First line\\
                    Second line\\
                    Third line
                \end{tabular}
            };
            \draw[decorate,decoration=brace] (X.north east) -- node[right=0.3em] {Text} (X.south east);
        \end{tikzpicture}

    \large
    \item
        \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(X.base)]
            \node[inner sep=0pt] (X) {
                \begin{tabular}[t]{l}
                    First line\\
                    Second line\\
                    Third line
                \end{tabular}
            };
            \draw[decorate,decoration=brace] (X.north east) -- node[right=0.3em] {Text} (X.south east);
        \end{tikzpicture}

    \Large
    \item
        \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(X.base)]
            \node[inner sep=0pt] (X) {
                \begin{tabular}[t]{l}
                    First line\\
                    Second line\\
                    Third line
                \end{tabular}
            };
            \draw[decorate,decoration=brace] (X.north east) -- node[right=0.3em] {Text} (X.south east);
        \end{tikzpicture}

    \LARGE
    \item
        \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(X.base)]
            \node[inner sep=0pt] (X) {
                \begin{tabular}[t]{l}
                    First line\\
                    Second line\\
                    Third line
                \end{tabular}
            };
            \draw[decorate,decoration=brace] (X.north east) -- node[right=0.3em] {Text} (X.south east);
        \end{tikzpicture}
\end{enumerate}
\end{document}