我有以下带有表格和长表的 MWE，我只希望长表标题看起来与表格标题完全一样，而不修改上面表格中的任何内容（仅长表）。
实际上，我在 .cls 文件中有表格标题设置，我不应该更改它们，它们看起来如下所示（完整的 .cls 文件可以在这里找到：http://www.biomedcentral.com/download/tex/bmc_article.zip)：
% settings for table caption
\setattribute{floatcaption} {size}{\footnotesize\bfseries\mathversion{bold}\raggedright}
\setattribute{floatcaptionname}{size}{\bfseries}
\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}
\setlength\belowcaptionskip{4\p@}
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
\vskip\abovecaptionskip
\parbox[t]{\hsize}{\floatcaption@size{\floatcaptionname@size #1}\hskip.5em #2\par}%
\vskip\belowcaptionskip}
\def\@floatboxreset{%
\reset@font
\footnotesize
\sffamily
\@setminipage
\centering
}
因此，我只想使长表标题看起来像 .cls 文件中指定的表格标题，但只在 .tex 文件中引入所需的更改。我不明白为什么 .cls 文件只影响表格标题而不影响长表标题，但如果我在序言中写入 \usepackage{caption}，它会影响所有内容...我如何在某些特定标题（长表标题）中进行局部更改，以便它们看起来与 .cls 文件中指定的完全一样？？
这是 MWE：
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{multirow}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2}
\usepackage{longtable}
\begin{document}
\section*{Tables}
\begin{table}[h!]
\caption{Sample table title. This is where the description of the table should go.}
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\hline
& B1 &B2 & B3\\ \hline
A3 & .. & . & .\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{longtable}{|c|c|c|c|}
\caption{Statistically significant Gene Ontology terms from enrichment tests for each gene class. Adjusted p-value < 0.01, N/A indicates no terms at this level of significance.}\\
\hline
\textbf{Class}
& \textbf{Ontology}
& \textbf{Term}
& \textbf{Adj. p-value}\\
\hline
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{4}{c}%
{\tablename\ \thetable\ -- \textit{Continues from previous page}}\\
\hline
\textbf{Class}
& \textbf{Ontology}
& \textbf{Term}
& \textbf{Adj. p-value}\\
\hline
\endhead
\hline \multicolumn{4}{r}{\textit{Continues on next page}} \\
\endfoot
\hline
\endlastfoot
\multirow{8}{*}{\textbf{1}}
& \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{\textit{BP}}}
& \textit{{\scriptsize positive regulation of cell migration}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize cell-cell adhesion}}
& 6.10E-03\\
\cline{2-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{\textit{CC}}}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{2-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multirow{4}{*}{\textbf{\textit{MF}}}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\hline
\end{longtable}
\end{document}
答案1
bmc_article您可以使用包的语法复制类文件的（公认的不透明定义的）标题相关设置caption：
\usepackage{caption}
\captionsetup{
labelsep = space,
justification = raggedright,
font = {footnotesize,bf,singlespacing,sf},
singlelinecheck=off,
skip=4pt,
position=top}
另外，你还应该设置
\setlength\LTcapwidth{\textwidth} % default value is 4in, I think
通过在序言中插入这些说明，“普通”table环境以及longtable环境的标题应该符合类文件规定的外观。
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{bmc_article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % to properly typeset the "<" symbol even though it's not in math mode
\usepackage{multirow}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2}
\usepackage{longtable}
\setlength\LTcapwidth{\textwidth}
\usepackage{caption}
\captionsetup{
labelsep = space,
justification = raggedright,
font = {footnotesize,bf,singlespacing,sf},
singlelinecheck=off,
skip=4pt,
position=top}
\begin{document}
\section*{Tables}
\begin{table}[h!]
\caption{Sample table title. This is where the description of the table should go.}
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\hline
& B1 &B2 & B3\\ \hline
A3 & .. & . & .\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\begin{longtable}{|c|c|c|c|}
\caption{Statistically significant Gene Ontology terms from enrichment tests for
each gene class. Adjusted \mbox{p-value} < 0.01, N/A indicates no terms at
this level of significance.}\\
\hline
\textbf{Class}
& \textbf{Ontology}
& \textbf{Term}
& \textbf{Adj. p-value}\\
\hline
\endfirsthead
\multicolumn{4}{c}%
{\tablename\ \thetable\ -- \textit{Continues from previous page}}\\
\hline
\textbf{Class}
& \textbf{Ontology}
& \textbf{Term}
& \textbf{Adj. p-value}\\
\hline
\endhead
\hline \multicolumn{4}{r}{\textit{Continues on next page}} \\
\endfoot
\hline
\endlastfoot
\multirow{8}{*}{\textbf{1}}
& \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{\textit{BP}}}
& \textit{{\scriptsize positive regulation of cell migration}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize cell-cell adhesion}}
& 6.10E-03\\
\cline{2-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{\textit{CC}}}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{2-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multirow{4}{*}{\textbf{\textit{MF}}}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\cline{3-4}
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{}
& \textit{{\scriptsize texttexttexttext}}
& 2.20E-03\\
\hline
\end{longtable}
\end{document}