如何创建“不受约束的”水平条形图？

Question

我正在尝试使用 tikz 和/或 pgfplots 复制以下内容：

我尝试改编代码具有负坐标的 ybar 堆叠图，但条形图似乎与轴绑定（即，我无法输出任何类似于图中红色部分的内容）。

非常感谢您的帮助！

编辑：添加了示例代码。我希望底部的橙色部分（在 -4 处）消失，并能够添加虚线垂直线。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{axis}[
        xbar stacked,
        bar width=10pt,
        axis lines*=middle,
        axis on top=false,
        after end axis/.code={
            \node at ({rel axis cs:0,0}|-{axis cs:0,0}) [anchor=east] {0};
        }
    ]
      \addplot[
        fill=cyan,
        draw=none,
        bar shift=-8pt,
        mark options={
            gray,
            thick,
            dashed
        },
        mark=waterfall bridge
      ] coordinates { (1, 3) (2, 3) (3,3) (4,3) };
      \addplot[
        fill=orange,
        draw=none,
        bar shift=8pt
      ] coordinates { (1,-4) (2,-4) (3,4) (4,4) };
    \end{axis}
  \end{tikzpicture}

  \end{document}
\end{filecontents*}

Answer 1

使用 TiKz，此代码的输出可能如下：

 \documentclass{standalone}
    \usepackage{tikz}

    \begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}

  \node at (0,0) [draw, rectangle, fill=blue!20, minimum height=0.5cm, minimum width=5cm] (rect1) {};
    \node at (2.5,-1)[draw, rectangle, fill=red, minimum height=0.5cm, minimum width=4cm] (rect2) {};
    \draw [ dashed,red] (rect2.west)--++(90:1.25);
    \draw [ dashed, red] (rect2.north)--(rect1.east);
    \foreach \x/\alp in {-1.25/A,1.5/B,3.5/C,5.5/(a)}{
    \node at (\x,-0.5) {\small \alp};}
    \foreach \x/\alp in {-2.5/T1,0.5/T2,2.5/T3,5/T4}{
    \node at (\x,-1.75) {\small \alp};}

     \node at (1,-4) [draw, rectangle, fill=blue!20, minimum height=0.5cm, minimum width=7cm] (rect3) {};
     \foreach \x/\alp in {-1.25/A,1.5/A,3.5/A}{
     \node at (\x,-3.25) {\small \alp};}

      \foreach \x/\alp in {-2.5/T1,0.075/T2,2.5/T3,4.5/T4}{
    \node at (\x,-4.75) {\small \alp};}
    \node at (5.5,-4) {\small (b)};
   % \filldraw (
    \draw [dashed] (0,-4.25)--++(90:1.5);
    \draw [dashed] (2.5,-4.25)--++(90:1.5);
    ![enter image description here][1]
\end{tikzpicture} 

\end{document}

输出：