TikZ：在节点内绘制双头箭头

Question

我正在使用出色的 TikZ 软件为书中的一章绘制图形。我对我所创建的图形的质量非常满意。不幸的是，有一件事让我有点困惑。下面的代码说明了我所遇到的图形部分。

绘图基本上是正确的。问题是双头箭头看起来很糟糕。箭头的末端没有以应有的方式指向 r1j 和 r3j，顶部和底部的箭头相互叠加，而它们之间实际上应该有一些间隔。希望有人能告诉我如何改变它以使其看起来更好。我突然想到可能需要增加 r1j、r2j、r3j 之间的垂直空间，以使箭头看起来正确。如果是这样，那么我认为这样做可能是有意义的。

\documentclass[10pt]{article}

%%%% Packages %%%%

\usepackage{here}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,shapes,shapes.geometric}
\usepackage{hyperref}

%%%% Set pdf zoom to 100% %%%%

\hypersetup{pdfstartview={XYZ null null 1.00}, pdfview={XYZ null null 1.00}}

%%%% TikZ graphics styles/commands %%%%

\tikzstyle{arr}=[-latex, black, line width=0.5pt]
\tikzstyle{doublearr}=[latex-latex, black, line width=0.5pt]
\tikzstyle{input}=[font=\small\sffamily\bfseries]
\tikzstyle{rect}=[rectangle, draw=black, font=\small\sffamily\bfseries, inner sep=9pt]

\begin{document}

\newcommand{\rlist}{
\left\{
\begin{array}{cl}
r_{1j} \\ 
r_{2j} \\ 
r_{3j}
\end{array}
\right.
}

\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[auto]

\node[rect]                     (Yij)            at (26, 0) {$LifeSat_{ij}$};
\node[input]                    (rij)            at (28.5, 0) {$r_{ij} \rlist$};

\draw [arr] (rij)                                to (Yij);
\draw [doublearr, bend left]    (rij.north east) to (rij.south east);
\draw [doublearr, bend left]    (rij.north east) to (rij.east);
\draw [doublearr, bend left]    (rij.east)       to (rij.south east);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

Answer 1

使用[xshift=...mm]或[yshift=...mm]作为节点。

\documentclass[10pt]{article}

%%%% Packages %%%%

\usepackage{here}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,shapes,shapes.geometric}
\usepackage{hyperref}

%%%% Set pdf zoom to 100% %%%%

\hypersetup{pdfstartview={XYZ null null 1.00}, pdfview={XYZ null null 1.00}}

%%%% TikZ graphics styles/commands %%%%

\tikzstyle{arr}=[-latex, black, line width=0.5pt]
\tikzstyle{doublearr}=[latex-latex, black, line width=0.5pt]
\tikzstyle{input}=[font=\small\sffamily\bfseries]
\tikzstyle{rect}=[rectangle, draw=black, font=\small\sffamily\bfseries, inner sep=9pt]

\begin{document}

\newcommand{\rlist}{
\left\{
\begin{array}{cl}
r_{1j} \\ 
r_{2j} \\ 
r_{3j}
\end{array}
\right.
}

\begin{figure}[H]
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[auto]

\node[rect]                    (Yij)            at (26, 0) {$LifeSat_{ij}$};
\node[input]                   (rij)            at (28.5, 0) {$r_{ij} \rlist$};

\draw [arr] (rij)                                to (Yij);
\draw [doublearr, bend left]    ([xshift=2mm]rij.north east) to ([xshift=2mm]rij.south east);
\draw [doublearr, bend left]    (rij.north east) to (rij.east);
\draw [doublearr, bend left]    (rij.east)       to (rij.south east);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\end{document}