☰

将书页中的单个单元格居中

tag-icon • tag-icon tables
将书页中的单个单元格居中

我想仅将下表中的数字居中。我尝试了一些居中命令的变体，但它们会影响整个表格（我对 Latex 还比较陌生）。

在此处输入图片描述

梅威瑟：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs, threeparttable}
\usepackage{array}
\newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htbp]
\begin{threeparttable}
\caption{Number of Credits per Course by Year}
\label{table:nc}
\begin{tabular}{@{}p{0.18\textwidth}*{6}{L{\dimexpr0.15\textwidth-2\tabcolsep\relax}}@{}}
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries Commerce Faculty} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries EBE Faculty} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries Science Faculty} \\
\cmidrule(l){2-3} \cmidrule(l){4-5}  \cmidrule(l){6-7}
& F, S, H Courses & W Courses & F, S, H Courses  & W Courses & F, S, H Courses & W  Courses   \\
\midrule
First-year & 18 & 36 & Variable & Variable & 18 & 36  \\
Second-year & 18 & 36 & Variable & Variable & 24 & 48 \\
Third-year & 18 & 36 & Variable & Variable & 36 & 72 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{threeparttable}
\end{table}
\end{document}

答案1

您可以使用tabularx环境 -- 预设宽度为\textwidth-- 来代替tabular环境。这样做可以让您省去繁琐（且容易出错）的手动计算第 2 列到第 7 列所需的宽度。在下面的示例中，L列类型用于右侧不规则的材料，而C列类型用于居中设置的材料；这两种列类型都基于包X的列类型tabularx。主列类型是，C因为大多数行中的第 2 列到第 7 列应该居中；L列类型用于列标题“F、S、H Courses”和“W Courses”；请注意，无需明确指定这些标题中的换行符。

在下图中， 下方的细水平线由\bottomrule创建\hrule；它放在那里纯粹是为了说明表格的宽度等于\textwidth。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs, threeparttable}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\newcolumntype{L}{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}X}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htbp]
\begin{threeparttable}
\caption{Number of Credits per Course by Year}
\label{table:nc}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}l*{6}{C}@{}}
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries Commerce Faculty} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries EBE Faculty} &
\multicolumn{2}{c@{}}{\bfseries Science Faculty} \\ % note use of "c@{}"
\cmidrule(lr){2-3} \cmidrule(lr){4-5}  \cmidrule(l){6-7} % left- and right-trimming
& \multicolumn{1}{L}{F, S, H Courses} & 
\multicolumn{1}{L}{W Courses} & 
\multicolumn{1}{L}{F, S, H Courses} & 
\multicolumn{1}{L}{W Courses}& 
\multicolumn{1}{L}{F, S, H Courses} & 
\multicolumn{1}{L@{}}{W Courses} \\  % note use of "L@{}"
\midrule
First-year  & 18 & 36 & Variable & Variable & 18 & 36 \\
Second-year & 18 & 36 & Variable & Variable & 24 & 48 \\
Third-year  & 18 & 36 & Variable & Variable & 36 & 72 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{threeparttable}
\end{table}
\hrule  % just to indicate the width of the text block
\end{document}

答案2

为居中的列声明一个新的列类型（如果需要，您可以随时使用覆盖特定单元格的定义\multicolumn）：

\documentclass[draft]{article}
\usepackage{booktabs, threeparttable}
\usepackage{array}

\newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{#1}}

\newlength\mylen
\setlength\mylen{\dimexpr0.135\textwidth-2\tabcolsep\relax}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htbp]
\begin{threeparttable}
\setlength\tabcolsep{5pt}
\caption{Number of Credits per Course by Year}
\label{table:nc}
\begin{tabular}{
  @{}
  p{0.18\textwidth}
  *{2}{C{\mylen}}
  *{2}{L{\mylen}}
  *{2}{C{\mylen}}@{}
}
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries Commerce Faculty} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries EBE Faculty} &
\multicolumn{2}{c@{}}{\bfseries Science Faculty} \\
\cmidrule(l){2-3} \cmidrule(l){4-5}  \cmidrule(l){6-7}
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{F, S, H}  & \multicolumn{1}{l}{W}  & \multicolumn{1}{l}{F, S, H}  & \multicolumn{1}{l}{W} & \multicolumn{1}{l}{F, S, H} & \multicolumn{1}{l@{}}{W}  \\
& \multicolumn{1}{l}{Courses} &  \multicolumn{1}{l}{Courses}  &  \multicolumn{1}{l}{Courses}  &  \multicolumn{1}{l}{Courses}  &  \multicolumn{1}{l}{Courses}  &  \multicolumn{1}{l@{}}{Courses} \\
\midrule
First-year & 18 & 36 & \small Variable & \small Variable & 18 & 36  \\
Second-year & 18 & 36 & \small Variable & \small Variable & 24 & 48 \\
Third-year & 18 & 36 & \small Variable & \small Variable & 36 & 72 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{threeparttable}
\end{table}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

为了防止表格突出到右边距，我重新计算了列宽并减少了\tabcolsep。

如果需要对数值进行更复杂的对齐，则可以使用dcolumn或者siunitx包。

答案3

使用该包的解决方案makecell，可让您进一步自定义单元格。作为演示，我在以下代码中要求以粗体打印数字，并在单元格上方和下方添加一些垂直空间。此外，从第二列开始，每组两列的宽度相同 - 与第一组的宽度相同：

        \documentclass{article}            
        \centering\setlength{\tabcolsep}{4.4pt}
        \usepackage{booktabs, threeparttable}
        \usepackage{array}
        \newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
        \usepackage{makecell}
        \renewcommand{\cellgape}{\bfseries\Gape[2pt]}
        \renewcommand{\theadalign}{lc}
        \renewcommand{\theadfont}{\normalsize}
        \newlength{\headwd}
        \settowidth{\headwd}{\bfseries Commerce Faculty}

        \begin{document}

        \begin{table}[htbp]

        \begin{threeparttable}
        \caption{Number of Credits per Course by Year}
        \label{table:nc}
        \begin{tabular}{@{}l*{6}{p{\dimexpr 0.5\headwd-\tabcolsep \relax}}@{}}
        \addlinespace
        \toprule
        & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries Commerce Faculty} &
        \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries EBE Faculty} &
        \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bfseries Science Faculty} \\
        \cmidrule(lr){2-3}\cmidrule(lr){4-5}  \cmidrule(lr){6-7}
        &\thead{ F, S, H \\ Courses} & \thead{W\\ Courses }&\thead{ F, S, H \\ Courses } & \thead{W\\ Courses} &\thead{ F, S, H\\ Courses} & \thead{W\\
          Courses}   \\
        \cmidrule(lr){2-3}\cmidrule(lr){4-5}  \cmidrule(lr){6-7}
        First-year & \makecell{18} & \makecell{36} & Variable & Variable & \makecell{18} & \makecell{36}  \\
        Second-year & \makecell{18} & \makecell{36} & Variable & Variable & \makecell{24} & \makecell{48} \\
        Third-year & \makecell{18} & \makecell{36} & Variable & Variable & \makecell{36} & \makecell{72} \\
        \bottomrule
        \end{tabular}
        \end{threeparttable}
        \end{table}

        \end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案4

为什么？我不知道，但我喜欢tap主意。混合 Plain TeX 和 LaTeX 可能还远远不够，但仍然可以玩一玩。

\documentclass{scrartcl}

\input{tap}
\usepackage{kantlipsum}

\begin{document}
\kant[1]

\medskip
\thistable{\desiredwidth\hsize}
%\moveright\parindent
\begintable
    \begintableformat & \left \endtableformat
    \B"              !                                        @6 \=                                         \E!
    \B":             ! @2 \textbf{Commerce Faculty} | @2 \textbf{EBE Faculty} | @2 \textbf{Science Faculty} \E!
    \B"              !                                        @6 \-                                         \E!
    \B"^             ! F, S, H       | W            | F, S, H    | W          | F, S, H      | W            \E!
    \B"_             ! Courses       | Courses      | Courses    | Courses    | Courses      | Courses      \E!
    \B!                                                @7 \=                                                \E!
    \B!^ First-year  |  \center{18}  | \center{36}  | Variable   | Variable   | \center{18}  | \center{36}  \E!
    \B!+ Second-year |  \center{18}  | \center{36}  | Variable   | Variable   | \center{24}  | \center{48}  \E!
    \B!_ Third-year  |  \center{18}  | \center{36}  | Variable   | Variable   | \center{36}  | \center{72}  \E!
    \=
\endtable
\medskip

\kant[4]
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

相关内容