我在论文中加入了句法树。每棵树下面都有大量的空白，这会导致大学编辑部尖叫、嚎叫和呻吟，最终拒绝我的论文，直到我对其进行修复。我该如何删除树下多余的空白？
梅威瑟：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree,tikz-qtree-compat}
\usepackage{gb4e}
\tikzset{every tree node/.style={align=center, anchor=north}}
\begin{document}
The relevant structure in \ref{tree:opt-marker-verb-move} shows the necessary movement for the verb to precede the suffix. XP refers to some unknown structure to which the verb is drawn.
\begin{exe}
\ex
\leavevmode\vadjust{\vspace{-\baselineskip}}\newline %this command makes the example number line up with the top of the tree, rather than the bottom
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzset{every tree node/.style={align=center,anchor=north}}
\Tree [.XP \node(XP){};
[.\textsc{FocusP} =em
[.TP
[.vP {}
[.VP {}
[.V \node(VERB){puv}; ]
] ] ] ] ]
\draw[->] (VERB) [in=-90,out=-90,looseness=1.5] to (XP);
\end{tikzpicture}\label{tree:opt-marker-verb-move}
\end{exe}
It is difficult to justify this verbal movement. First, we would have to identify a higher structure in a suitable relationship with the verb to motivate verbal movement. Then we would have to identify features to check that exist on both the new structure and the verb.
\end{document}
答案1
一种选择是用来pgfinterruptboundingbox中断弯曲路径的边界框；然后必须添加一些手动间距（或者，参见下文以避免手动干预）：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree,tikz-qtree-compat}
\usepackage{gb4e}
\tikzset{every tree node/.style={align=center, anchor=north}}
\begin{document}
The relevant structure in \ref{tree:opt-marker-verb-move} shows the necessary movement for the verb to precede the suffix. XP refers to some unknown structure to which the verb is drawn.
\begin{exe}
\ex
\leavevmode\vadjust{\vspace{-\baselineskip}}\newline %this command makes the example number line up with the top of the tree, rather than the bottom
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzset{every tree node/.style={align=center,anchor=north}}
\Tree [.XP \node(XP){};
[.\textsc{FocusP} =em
[.TP
[.vP {}
[.VP {}
[.V \node(VERB){puv}; ]
] ] ] ] ]
\begin{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
\draw[->] (VERB) [in=-90,out=-90,looseness=1.5] to (XP);
\end{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
\end{tikzpicture}\vspace{30pt}
\label{tree:opt-marker-verb-move}
\end{exe}
It is difficult to justify this verbal movement. First, we would have to identify a higher structure in a suitable relationship with the verb to motivate verbal movement. Then we would have to identify features to check that exist on both the new structure and the verb.
\end{document}
为了避免手动添加间距，只需在边界框中断后将任何合理的内容（例如，空节点）放置在最低节点下方：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree,tikz-qtree-compat}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usepackage{gb4e}
\tikzset{every tree node/.style={align=center, anchor=north}}
\begin{document}
The relevant structure in \ref{tree:opt-marker-verb-move} shows the necessary movement for the verb to precede the suffix. XP refers to some unknown structure to which the verb is drawn.
\begin{exe}
\ex
\leavevmode\vadjust{\vspace{-\baselineskip}}\newline %this command makes the example number line up with the top of the tree, rather than the bottom
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzset{every tree node/.style={align=center,anchor=north}}
\Tree [.XP \node(XP){};
[.\textsc{FocusP} =em
[.TP
[.vP {}
[.VP {}
[.V \node(VERB){puv}; ]
] ] ] ] ]
\begin{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
\draw[->] (VERB) [in=-90,out=-90,looseness=1.5] to (XP);
\end{pgfinterruptboundingbox}
\node[below=of VERB] {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\label{tree:opt-marker-verb-move}
\end{exe}
It is difficult to justify this verbal movement. First, we would have to identify a higher structure in a suitable relationship with the verb to motivate verbal movement. Then we would have to identify features to check that exist on both the new structure and the verb.
\end{document}
答案2
您可以在命令\useasboundingbox前使用\draw，以避免它影响边界框。必须在下面添加一些额外的空间以放置箭头，因此[yshift=-1.2cm]（通过反复试验发现）。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree,tikz-qtree-compat}
\usepackage{gb4e}
\tikzset{every tree node/.style={align=center, anchor=north}}
\begin{document}
The relevant structure in \ref{tree:opt-marker-verb-move} shows the necessary movement for the verb to precede the suffix. XP refers to some unknown structure to which the verb is drawn.
\begin{exe}
\ex
\leavevmode\vadjust{\vspace{-\baselineskip}}\newline %this command makes the example number line up with the top of the tree, rather than the bottom
\begin{tikzpicture}
\tikzset{every tree node/.style={align=center,anchor=north}}
\Tree [.XP \node(XP){};
[.\textsc{FocusP} =em
[.TP
[.vP {}
[.VP {}
[.V \node(VERB){puv}; ]
] ] ] ] ]
\useasboundingbox (current bounding box.north west) rectangle ([yshift=-1.2cm]current bounding box.south east);
\draw[->] (VERB) [in=-90,out=-90,looseness=1.5] to (XP);
\end{tikzpicture}\label{tree:opt-marker-verb-move}
\end{exe}
It is difficult to justify this verbal movement. First, we would have to identify a higher structure in a suitable relationship with the verb to motivate verbal movement. Then we would have to identify features to check that exist on both the new structure and the verb.
\end{document}
答案3
通过调整绘制命令中的 out 值，我能够消除大部分空白。我将其从 -90 改为 -180，并实现了所需的间距。