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数学模式下的对角线文本，垂直方向相等

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数学模式下的对角线文本，垂直方向相等

目标是可以按照以下方式在数学模式下标记元素的代码：

标签

而不必手动将每个单词的每个字母定位为 tikz 中的节点。最好除了 stacks 插件之外，不必调用 tikz，但如果在最后调用也没问题。

两种类型的对角线作为宏是具有挑战性的部分。需要一个宏或其他东西来将单词转换为

\macro_name{word}

沿对角线生长，从顶部向右生长，或从底部向左生长，如上两个例子所示。然后它就可以用于Steven Segletes 的 tabstackengine 包在下面的 MWE 中：

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tabstackengine}
\usepackage{mathtools}

\stackMath
\makeatletter
\renewcommand\TAB@delim[1]{\scriptstyle#1}
\def\req{\protect\rotatebox{90}{$\scriptstyle=$}}
\def\rne{\protect\rotatebox{90}{$\scriptstyle\ne$}}
\makeatother

\begin{document}

\[
\setstackgap{L}{.6\baselineskip}\setstacktabulargap{0pt}\TABbinary
\tabularCenterstack{rcl}{
&\mathclap{alpha}& &\mathclap{beta}&\\ &\req& &\req& \\ (&A& , &B&) \hspace{1mm}= \hspace{1mm} F\\
 &\rne&\\ &\mathclap{(D , B)}&}
\]

% BTW, for some reason, tex cannot compile if <<\mathclap{(D , B)}>> is replaced with <<\mathclap{\overbrace{(D , B)}}>> or <<\mathclap{\underbrace{(D , B)}}>> but this is a different question, no?

\end{document}

编辑：我刚刚注意到，如果只控制垂直间距，看起来会很奇怪。需要有一个参数来在每个对角线上水平间隔字母。这可能吗？（当用手写时，我观察到除了垂直位移（目前已在下面的答案中控制）之外，字母在水平方向上放置得更近，以使其更易读。）

答案1

我不能说我很喜欢这个外观，但它确实符合你提到的第一种形式。如果你真的想要，另一种形式也可以实现。对角线文本的关键是递归使用\brlap，即右下角的圈数，每圈的垂直偏移量目前缩减为 的 38% \baselineskip。

已编辑，允许通过 设置字母之间的水平字距\myhkern，通过 设置连续字母的垂直偏移\myvgap。此外，\diagunder采用可选参数（默认 =）定义旋转并放置在第一个参数下方的字符。设置为，以便从默认符号所在的[]高度开始标签。=

REEDITED 提供\diagunder和\diagover，语法相同。请注意，对角线文本保留其高度，但被视为宽度为零，因此您会注意到(A,B)在上下堆栈中都垂直排列。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{stackengine, graphicx}
\def\myhkern{.8pt}
\def\myvgap{.38\baselineskip}
\def\stacktype{L}
\newcommand\diagunder[3][\raisebox{-5pt}{$=$}]{%
  \ifx\relax#1\relax%
    \stackunder{$#2$}{\expandafter\angletext#3\relax}%
  \else
    \stackunder{$#2$}{\stackunder[.7\baselineskip]{\rotatebox{90}{$#1$}}{%
    \expandafter\angletext#3\relax}}%
  \fi
}
\def\angletext#1#2\relax{\small\setstackgap{L}{\myvgap}%
  \kern\myhkern#1\angletextB#2\relax}
\def\angletextB#1#2\relax{%
  \brlap{\kern\myhkern#1\ifx\relax#2\relax\else\angletextB#2\relax\fi}%
}
\newcommand\diagover[3][\raisebox{-5pt}{$=$}]{%
  \ifx\relax#1\relax%
    \stackon{$#2$}{\expandafter\upangletext#3\relax}%
  \else
    \stackon{$#2$}{\stackon[.9\baselineskip]{\rotatebox{90}{$#1$}}{%
    \expandafter\upangletext#3\relax}}%
  \fi
}
\def\upangletext#1#2\relax{\small\setstackgap{L}{\myvgap}%
  \def\myslant{\kern\myhkern#1}\upangletextB#2\relax}
\makeatletter
\def\upangletextB#1#2\relax{%
  \global\protected@edef\myslant{\tllap{\myslant}\kern\myhkern#1}%
  \ifx\relax#2\relax\myslant\else\upangletextB#2\relax\fi%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
$(\diagunder{A}{alpha},\diagunder{B}{beta})$ versus
$(\diagunder[]{A}{alpha},\diagunder[]{B}{beta})$

$(\diagover{A}{alpha},\diagover{B}{beta})$ versus
$(\diagover[]{A}{alpha},\diagover[]{B}{beta})$
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

适应 OP 的完整 MWE（我的逻辑必须发生一些变化，因为上面的 MWE 是在文本模式下堆叠的，而 OP 的完整示例是在数学模式下堆叠的）：

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tabstackengine}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\stackMath
\makeatletter
\renewcommand\TAB@delim[1]{\scriptstyle#1}
\def\req{\protect\rotatebox{90}{$\scriptstyle=$}}
\def\rne{\protect\rotatebox{90}{$\scriptstyle\ne$}}
\makeatother
\def\myhkern{.3pt}
\def\myvgap{.3\baselineskip}
\def\stacktype{L}
\def\mss#1{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle#1}}
\newcommand\diagunder[3][\scriptstyle=]{%
  \ifx\relax#1\relax%
    \stackunder{\scriptstyle#2}{\expandafter\angletext#3\relax}%
  \else
    \stackunder{\scriptstyle#2}{\stackunder[.7\baselineskip]{%
    \rotatebox{90}{$#1$}}{\expandafter\angletext#3\relax}}%
  \fi
}
\def\angletext#1#2\relax{\setstackgap{L}{\myvgap}%
  \kern\myhkern\mss{#1}\angletextB#2\relax}
\def\angletextB#1#2\relax{%
  \brlap{\kern\myhkern\mss{#1}\ifx\relax#2\relax\else\angletextB#2\relax\fi}%
}
\newcommand\diagover[3][\scriptstyle=]{%
  \ifx\relax#1\relax%
    \stackon{\scriptstyle#2}{\expandafter\upangletext#3\relax}%
  \else
    \stackon{\scriptstyle#2}{\stackon[.7\baselineskip]{\rotatebox{90}{$#1$}}{%
    \expandafter\upangletext#3\relax}}%
  \fi
}
\def\upangletext#1#2\relax{\setstackgap{L}{\myvgap}%
  \def\myslant{\kern\myhkern\mss{#1}}\upangletextB#2\relax}
\makeatletter
\def\upangletextB#1#2\relax{%
  \global\protected@edef\myslant{\tllap{\myslant}\kern\myhkern\mss{#1}}%
  \ifx\relax#2\relax\myslant\else\upangletextB#2\relax\fi%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\[
\setstackgap{L}{.6\baselineskip}\setstacktabulargap{0pt}\TABbinary
\tabularCenterstack{rcl}{
 (&\diagover{A}{alpha}& , &\diagover{B}{beta}&) \hspace{1mm}= \hspace{1mm} F\\
 &\rne&\\ &\mathclap{(\diagunder[]{D}{delta} , B)}&}
\]
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

如果你决定要在\textstyle而不是中进行此操作\scriptstyle（因为许多数学间距，例如 周围=更自然），那么这里就是你为此转换的 MWE。

\documentclass{minimal}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{tabstackengine}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\stackMath
\makeatletter
\def\req{\protect\rotatebox{90}{$=$}}
\def\rne{\protect\rotatebox{90}{$\ne$}}
\makeatother
\def\myhkern{.3pt}
\def\myvgap{.3\baselineskip}
\def\stacktype{L}
\def\mss#1{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle#1}}
\newcommand\diagunder[3][=]{%
  \ifx\relax#1\relax%
    \stackunder[.8\baselineskip]{#2}{\expandafter\angletext#3\relax}%
  \else
    \stackunder[.8\baselineskip]{#2}{\stackunder[.8\baselineskip]{%
    \rotatebox{90}{$#1$}}{\expandafter\angletext#3\relax}}%
  \fi
}
\def\angletext#1#2\relax{\setstackgap{L}{\myvgap}%
  \kern\myhkern\mss{#1}\angletextB#2\relax}
\def\angletextB#1#2\relax{%
  \brlap{\kern\myhkern\mss{#1}\ifx\relax#2\relax\else\angletextB#2\relax\fi}%
}
\newcommand\diagover[3][=]{%
  \ifx\relax#1\relax%
    \stackon[.8\baselineskip]{#2}{\expandafter\upangletext#3\relax}%
  \else
    \stackon[.8\baselineskip]{#2}{\stackon[.8\baselineskip]{\rotatebox{90}{$#1$}}{%
    \expandafter\upangletext#3\relax}}%
  \fi
}
\def\upangletext#1#2\relax{\setstackgap{L}{\myvgap}%
  \def\myslant{\kern\myhkern\mss{#1}}\upangletextB#2\relax}
\makeatletter
\def\upangletextB#1#2\relax{%
  \global\protected@edef\myslant{\tllap{\myslant}\kern\myhkern\mss{#1}}%
  \ifx\relax#2\relax\myslant\else\upangletextB#2\relax\fi%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\[
\setstackgap{L}{.85\baselineskip}\setstacktabulargap{0pt}\TABbinary
\tabularCenterstack{rcl}{
 (&\diagover{A}{alpha}& , \diagover{B}{beta}) = F\\
 &\rne&\\ &\mathclap{(\diagunder[]{D}{delta} , B)}&}
\]
\end{document}

答案2

有趣且递归：

    $(\setstackgap{S}{-1pt}
    \DiagUnder<$(\DiagUnder{D}{delta},B)$>{
        \setstackgap{S}{3pt}%
        \DiagUnder<\NEgal>{\DiagOn<\Egal>{A}{alfpha}}{}
    }{},\DiagOn<\NEgal>{B}{beta})=F$

在此处输入图片描述

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz,xstring,ifthen,stackengine,xparse}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\def\R{String}
\def\N{0}

\newsavebox{\MyBox}

\makeatletter
\NewDocumentCommand{\DiagUnder}{
    d<>
    O{(-45:.8em)}
    m
    m
    D<>{l}
    }{%
    \def\stackalignment{#5}%
    \def\useanchorwidth{T}%
    \def\@R{#4}%
    \def\@N{0}%
    \savebox\MyBox{
    \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(x0),
        every node/.style={inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt}]
        \node (x0) at (0,-.16) {} ;         
        \whiledo{\NOT\equal{\@R}{}}{%
            \StrLeft{\@R}{1}[\@L]
            \StrGobbleLeft{\@R}{1}[\@R]
        \node at ($(x0) + \@N*#2 $) {\strut\@L} ;
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro\@N{\@N+1}
        }
    \end{tikzpicture}   
    }
    \IfNoValueTF{#1}{% sans
        \stackunder{$#3$}{\hspace{-3pt}\usebox{\MyBox}}%
        }{% avec
        \def\stackalignment{c}%
        \stackunder{$#3$}{%
            \def\stackalignment{l}%
            \setstackgap{S}{1pt}%
            \stackunder{%       
            \makebox[1em]{#1}}{\hspace{-2pt}\usebox{\MyBox}}}%
        }%
    }%

\NewDocumentCommand{\DiagOn}{
    d<>
    O{(-45:.8em)}
    m
    m
    D<>{r}
    }{%
    \def\stackalignment{#5}%
    \def\useanchorwidth{T}%
    \setstackgap{S}{2pt}
    \def\@R{#4}%
    \def\@N{0}%
    \savebox\MyBox{
    \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=(x0),
        every node/.style={inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt}]
        \node (x0) at (0,.16) {} ;         
        \whiledo{\NOT\equal{\@R}{}}{%
            \StrLeft{\@R}{1}[\@L]
            \StrGobbleLeft{\@R}{1}[\@R]
        \node at ($(x0) + \@N*#2 $) {\strut\@L} ;
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro\@N{\@N+1}
        }
    \end{tikzpicture}   
    }
    \IfNoValueTF{#1}{% sans
        \stackon{$#3$}{\hspace{-2pt}\usebox{\MyBox}}%
        }{% avec
        \def\stackalignment{c}%
        \stackon{$#3$}{%
            \def\stackalignment{r}%
            \setstackgap{S}{-1pt}%
            \stackon{%      
            \makebox[1em]{#1}}{\usebox{\MyBox}}}%
        }%
    }%
\makeatother

\newcommand{\Egal}{\,\rotatebox{90}{$=$}}
\newcommand{\NEgal}{\rotatebox{90}{$\neq$}}

\begin{document}
Bob$(\DiagUnder<\Egal>{A}{Diagonale},
    \DiagUnder<\NEgal>[(-35:.9em)]{B}{Diagonale},
    \DiagUnder[(-.2,.1)]{C}{Diagonale},
    \DiagOn<\Egal>{D}{Diagonale},
    \DiagOn<\NEgal>[(115:-.9em)]{E}{Diagonale},
    \DiagOn[(.2,.1)]{F}{Diagonale}<l>)$
\end{document}

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