化学反应的标记物质

Question

我的代码是：

\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{report}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{titlesec}

\setcounter{secnumdepth}{5}

\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
{\filcenter\normalfont\bfseries}
{\MakeUppercase{\chaptertitlename}\ \thechapter}
{0pt}
{}
\titlespacing{\chapter}{0pt}{-24pt}{20pt}
\titleformat{\section}
{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}{\thesection}{12pt}{}
\titlespacing{\section}{0pt}{0pt}{0pt}
\titleformat{\subsection}
{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}{\thesubsection}{12pt}{}
\titlespacing{\subsection}{0pt}{0pt}{0pt}
\titleformat{\subsubsection}
{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries}{\thesubsubsection}{12pt}{}
\titlespacing{\subsubsection}{0pt}{0pt}{0pt}

\usepackage{indentfirst}
\usepackage{parskip}
\setlength{\parindent}{.5in}

\usepackage{setspace}
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.75} 

\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{chemfig,chemmacros}

\begin{document}


\begin{center}
\schemestart
\chemfig{CH_4}\+\chemfig{Cl_2}
\arrow{->[\footnotesize\chemfig{440\celsius}]}
\chemfig{CH_4}\+\chemfig{CH_3Cl}\+\chemfig{CH_2Cl_2}
\+\chemfig{CHCl_3}\+\chemfig{CCl_4}\
\schemestop
\end{center}
\end{document}

我想制作这个：

Answer 1

由于您已经加载chemmacros加载并使用chemformula包您可以使用后者进行反应。

关键是!(<below>)(<text>)里面的语法\ch。

\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{report}
\usepackage{chemmacros}
% \usepackage{siunitx} % already loaded by `chemmacros'

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
  \ch{
    CH4 + Cl2
    ->[\SI{440}{\celsius}]
    !(\SI{47}{\percent})( CH4 ) +
    !(\SI{20}{\percent})( CH3Cl ) +
    !(\SI{22}{\percent})( CH2Cl2 ) +
    !(\SI{10}{\percent})( CHCl3 ) +
    !(\SI{1}{\percent})( CCl4 )
  }
\end{center}

\end{document}

如果您希望百分比值的大小与上面的化合物相同，您可以通过更改选项来设置格式name-format。默认设置为\scriptsize\centering

\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{report}
\usepackage{chemmacros}
% \usepackage{siunitx} % already loaded by `chemmacros'

\setchemformula{
  name-format= \centering
}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
  \ch{
    CH4 + Cl2
    ->[\SI{440}{\celsius}]
    !(\SI{47}{\percent})( CH4 ) +
    !(\SI{20}{\percent})( CH3Cl ) +
    !(\SI{22}{\percent})( CH2Cl2 ) +
    !(\SI{10}{\percent})( CHCl3 ) +
    !(\SI{1}{\percent})( CCl4 )
  }
\end{center}

\end{document}

Answer 2

您可以使用。此外，\chembelow[<dim>]{<code>}{<stuff>}我还使用了来写这些百分比。siunitx

\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{report}
\usepackage{chemfig,chemmacros}
\usepackage{siunitx}


\begin{document}


\begin{center}
\schemestart
\chembelow[1.5ex]{\chemfig{CH_4}}{}
\chemsign{+}
\chemfig{Cl_2}
\arrow{->[\footnotesize\chemfig{\SI{440}{\celsius}}]}
\chembelow[1.5ex]{\chemfig{CH_4}}{\SI{47}{\percent}}
\chemsign{+}
\chembelow[1.5ex]{\chemfig{CH_3Cl}}{\SI{20}{\percent}}
\chemsign{+}
\chembelow[1.5ex]{\chemfig{CH_2Cl_2}}{\SI{22}{\percent}}
\chemsign{+}
\chembelow[1.5ex]{\chemfig{CHCl_3}}{\SI{10}{\percent}}
\chemsign{+}
\chembelow[1.5ex]{\chemfig{CCl_4}}{\SI{1}{\percent}}
\chemsign{+}
\chemfig{HCl}
\schemestop
\end{center}
\end{document}