表格仅占据页面的一部分吗？

Question

我目前正在尝试创建一个具有特定宽度的表格（表格和内容本身）。经过多次尝试，我找到了一个可行的解决方案，但我的问题是：这是可行的方法吗？还是有更好的方法？

\begin{tabular}{llp{3in}}
 1 & 2 & 3 this is really long \\
 4 & 5 & 6 this is really long this is really long\\
 7 & 8 & 9 this is really long this is really long this is really long\\
 10&11 & 12 this is really long this is really long this is really long this is really long\\
\end{tabular}

表格的宽度仅相当于页面的一半

Answer 1

您可以使用tabular*或tabularx环境来创建具有预定宽度的表格，例如0.5\textwidth。

如下面的截图所示，即使整体宽度相同（通过构造！），tabular*和环境的外观也有很大不同。通过扩大列间空白来工作，而通过扩大列的宽度来工作（同时保持列间空白为）。tabularxtabular*tabularx2\tabcolsep

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{tabularx}
\begin{document} 
\hrule  %% just to demonstate the overall width of the text block
\medskip
\centering
\begin{tabular}{lll}
\hline
 1 & 2 & 3 \\
 4 & 5 & 6 \\
 7 & 8 & 9 \\
 10&11 & 12\\
\hline
\end{tabular}

\medskip
\begin{tabular*}{0.5\textwidth}{l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}ll} %% note "@{\extracolsep{\fill}}"
\hline
 1 & 2 & 3 \\
 4 & 5 & 6 \\
 7 & 8 & 9 \\
 10&11 & 12\\
\hline
\end{tabular*}

\medskip
\begin{tabularx}{0.5\textwidth}{XXX}  % note: "X" instead of "l"
\hline
 1 & 2 & 3 \\
 4 & 5 & 6 \\
 7 & 8 & 9 \\
 10&11 & 12\\
\hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}

---

附录：我刚刚注意到您更新了表格代码，更新后的表格的第三列现在包含需要扩展到多行的文本。为了让更新后的表格占据宽度0.5\textwidth，我建议您使用tabularx环境并使用该包的列类型的修改形式X而不是当前列p{3in}。我建议您使用修改后的X列类型，因为通常最好在右对齐模式下排版窄列文本，而不是在完全对齐模式下排版。

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{tabularx}  % for tabularx environment
\usepackage{ragged2e}  % for \RaggedRight macro
\newcolumntype{Y}{>{\RaggedRight\arraybackslash}X} % set contents of "Y" ragged-right
\begin{document}
\hrule  %% just to demonstrate width of text block
\medskip
\centering
\begin{tabularx}{0.5\textwidth}{llY}
\hline
 1 & 2 & 3 this is really long \\
 4 & 5 & 6 this is really long this is really long\\
 7 & 8 & 9 this is really long this is really long this is really long\\
 10&11 & 12 this is really long this is really long this is really long this is really long\\
\hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}