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tikz 中的箭头交叉

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tikz 中的箭头交叉

来自训练示例和假设集互相交叉。有没有办法避免这种情况，即他们改变“停靠”位置学习算法？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    [myBox/.style={rectangle,
                   draw,
                   align=center,
                   inner sep=2.5mm}]

    \node[myBox] (unknownTargetFunction) at (-4, 4) {\textsc{Unknown Target Function}\\$f: \mathcal{X} \rightarrow \mathcal{Y}$};
    \node[myBox] (trainingExamples) at (-4, 2) {\textsc{Training Examples}\\$\mathcal{D} = (x_1,y_1),...,(x_n,y_n)$};
    \node[myBox] (learningAlgorithm) at ( 0, 0) {\textsc{Learning Algorithm}\\$\mathcal{A}$};
    \node[myBox] (finalHypothesis) at ( 5, 0) {\textsc{Final Hypothesis}\\$g \approx f$};
    \node[myBox] (hypothesisSet) at (-4,-2) {\textsc{Hypothesis Set}\\$\mathcal{H}$};

    \draw [->] (unknownTargetFunction) to (trainingExamples);
    \draw [->] (trainingExamples) to [bend right] (learningAlgorithm);
    \draw [->] (hypothesisSet) to [bend left] (learningAlgorithm);
    \draw [->] (learningAlgorithm) to (finalHypothesis);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

代码生成： LaTeX 代码输出

信息：该图片背后的想法源自 YS Abu-Mostafa 等人所著的《从数据中学习》一书。

答案1

您至少有三个选择：

  • 您可以将“角度”锚点用于 ņode：

    \draw [->] (trainingExamples) to [bend right] (learningAlgorithm.170);
\draw [->] (hypothesisSet) to [bend left] (learningAlgorithm.190);

  • 您可以使用calc库和部分修改器来避免手动计算：

    \draw [->] (trainingExamples) to [bend right]  
  ( $ (learningAlgorithm.west)!0.5!(learningAlgorithm.north west) $ );
\draw [->] (hypothesisSet) to [bend left] 
  ( $ (learningAlgorithm.west)!0.5!(learningAlgorithm.south west) $ );

  • 您可以使用west锚点并在 y 方向上手动移动：

    \draw [->] (trainingExamples) to [bend right]  
  ([yshift=10pt]learningAlgorithm.west);
\draw [->] (hypothesisSet) to [bend left] 
  ([yshift=-10pt]learningAlgorithm.west);

代码显示前两个选项：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    [myBox/.style={rectangle,
                   draw,
                   align=center,
                   inner sep=2.5mm}]

    \node[myBox] (unknownTargetFunction) at (-4, 4) {\textsc{Unknown Target Function}\\$f: \mathcal{X} \rightarrow \mathcal{Y}$};
    \node[myBox] (trainingExamples) at (-4, 2) {\textsc{Training Examples}\\$\mathcal{D} = (x_1,y_1),...,(x_n,y_n)$};
    \node[myBox] (learningAlgorithm) at ( 0, 0) {\textsc{Learning Algorithm}\\$\mathcal{A}$};
    \node[myBox] (finalHypothesis) at ( 5, 0) {\textsc{Final Hypothesis}\\$g \approx f$};
    \node[myBox] (hypothesisSet) at (-4,-2) {\textsc{Hypothesis Set}\\$\mathcal{H}$};

    \draw [->] (unknownTargetFunction) to (trainingExamples);
    \draw [->] (trainingExamples) to [bend right] (learningAlgorithm.170);
    \draw [->] (hypothesisSet) to [bend left] (learningAlgorithm.190);
    \draw [->] (learningAlgorithm) to (finalHypothesis);
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    [myBox/.style={rectangle,
                   draw,
                   align=center,
                   inner sep=2.5mm}]

    \node[myBox] (unknownTargetFunction) at (-4, 4) {\textsc{Unknown Target Function}\\$f: \mathcal{X} \rightarrow \mathcal{Y}$};
    \node[myBox] (trainingExamples) at (-4, 2) {\textsc{Training Examples}\\$\mathcal{D} = (x_1,y_1),...,(x_n,y_n)$};
    \node[myBox] (learningAlgorithm) at ( 0, 0) {\textsc{Learning Algorithm}\\$\mathcal{A}$};
    \node[myBox] (finalHypothesis) at ( 5, 0) {\textsc{Final Hypothesis}\\$g \approx f$};
    \node[myBox] (hypothesisSet) at (-4,-2) {\textsc{Hypothesis Set}\\$\mathcal{H}$};

    \draw [->] (unknownTargetFunction) to (trainingExamples);
    \draw [->] (trainingExamples) to [bend right]  
    ( $ (learningAlgorithm.west)!0.5!(learningAlgorithm.north west) $ );
    \draw [->] (hypothesisSet) to [bend left] 
        ( $ (learningAlgorithm.west)!0.5!(learningAlgorithm.south west) $ );
    \draw [->] (learningAlgorithm) to (finalHypothesis);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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