☰

替代解决方案

tag-icon • tag-icon usb mouse udev xmodmap
替代解决方案

我有两只鼠标，其中一只存在鼠标中键和 Button6 同时触发的问题。所以我配置了~/.Xmodmap禁用此按钮。但与此同时，我希望仍然能够在我的另一只鼠标上使用此按钮。因此，我编写了一条udev规则，要求xmodmap根据连接的鼠标更改按钮布局。

设置

这是我当前的设置：

/etc/udev/rules.d/logitech-g7.rules:

# deactivate MB 6 when mouse 1 is connected
ACTION=="add", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="usb_device", ENV{ID_VENDOR_ID}=="046d", ENV{ID_MODEL_ID}=="c51a", RUN+="/home/user/.scripts/Troubleshooting/Bugfixes/mouseswitcher_wrapper 1", OWNER="user"
# restore defaults when mouse 1 is disconnected
ACTION=="remove", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="usb_device", ENV{ID_VENDOR_ID}=="046d", ENV{ID_MODEL_ID}=="c51a", RUN+="/home/user/.scripts/Troubleshooting/Bugfixes/mouseswitcher_wrapper 0", OWNER="user"

/home/user/.scripts/Troubleshooting/Bugfixes/mouseswitcher_wrapper:

#!/bin/bash
/home/user/.scripts/Troubleshooting/Bugfixes/mouseswitcher "$1"&

/home/user/.scripts/Troubleshooting/Bugfixes/mouseswitcher

#!/bin/bash
sleep 1
DISPLAY=":0.0"
HOME=/home/user/
XAUTHORITY=$HOME/.Xauthority
export DISPLAY XAUTHORITY HOME

if [[ "$1" == 1 ]] #differentiate between ADD (1) event and REMOVE (0) event
  then
      /usr/bin/xmodmap /home/user/.XmodmapG7 > /dev/null 2>&1
  else
      /usr/bin/xmodmap /home/user/.Xmodmap > /dev/null 2>&1
fi

如果这听起来有点过于复杂，那只是因为我偶然发现了 udev、xmodmap 和 DISPLAY 变量的许多问题。我的脚本基于本次问答。

当前状态

ADD 操作工作正常，而 REMOVE 操作则不行。在终端中手动执行任一 RUN 命令都可以正常工作。

到目前为止我尝试过的

我发现这个论坛帖子概述了为什么 udev 在删除操作方面存在问题，并相应地用 ENV 变量替换了 ATTRS。但这一切都无济于事，REMOVE触发器仍然不起作用。

我一定做错了什么。如果这里更熟悉 udev 和 Linux 的人能够看看我的案例，我将非常感激。

附加信息

udevadm monitor --environment --udev插入接收器时的输出：

######ADD#######

monitor will print the received events for:
UDEV - the event which udev sends out after rule processing

UDEV  [21728.392805] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3 (usb)
ACTION=add
BUSNUM=002
DEVNAME=/dev/bus/usb/002/037
DEVNUM=037
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3
DEVTYPE=usb_device
ID_BUS=usb
ID_MODEL=USB_Receiver
ID_MODEL_ENC=USB\x20Receiver
ID_MODEL_ID=c51a
ID_REVISION=4100
ID_SERIAL=Logitech_USB_Receiver
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030102:030000:
ID_VENDOR=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ENC=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
MAJOR=189
MINOR=164
PRODUCT=46d/c51a/4100
SEQNUM=3139
SUBSYSTEM=usb
TYPE=0/0/0
UDEV_LOG=3
UPOWER_VENDOR=Logitech, Inc.
USEC_INITIALIZED=21727880859

UDEV  [21728.393864] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0 (usb)
ACTION=add
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0
DEVTYPE=usb_interface
INTERFACE=3/1/2
MODALIAS=usb:v046DpC51Ad4100dc00dsc00dp00ic03isc01ip02in00
PRODUCT=46d/c51a/4100
SEQNUM=3140
SUBSYSTEM=usb
TYPE=0/0/0
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21728393779

UDEV  [21728.395536] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1 (usb)
ACTION=add
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1
DEVTYPE=usb_interface
INTERFACE=3/0/0
MODALIAS=usb:v046DpC51Ad4100dc00dsc00dp00ic03isc00ip00in01
PRODUCT=46d/c51a/4100
SEQNUM=3146
SUBSYSTEM=usb
TYPE=0/0/0
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21728395426

UDEV  [21728.395737] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/0003:046D:C51A.004B (hid)
ACTION=add
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/0003:046D:C51A.004B
HID_ID=0003:0000046D:0000C51A
HID_NAME=Logitech USB Receiver
HID_PHYS=usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3/input0
MODALIAS=hid:b0003g0001v0000046Dp0000C51A
SEQNUM=3141
SUBSYSTEM=hid
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21728395467

UDEV  [21728.398102] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/0003:046D:C51A.004C (hid)
ACTION=add
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/0003:046D:C51A.004C
HID_ID=0003:0000046D:0000C51A
HID_NAME=Logitech USB Receiver
HID_PHYS=usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3/input1
MODALIAS=hid:b0003g0001v0000046Dp0000C51A
SEQNUM=3147
SUBSYSTEM=hid
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21728397927

UDEV  [21728.398650] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/0003:046D:C51A.004B/hidraw/hidraw2 (hidraw)
ACTION=add
DEVNAME=/dev/hidraw2
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/0003:046D:C51A.004B/hidraw/hidraw2
MAJOR=251
MINOR=2
SEQNUM=3145
SUBSYSTEM=hidraw
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21728398188

UDEV  [21728.399406] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/0003:046D:C51A.004C/hidraw/hidraw3 (hidraw)
ACTION=add
DEVNAME=/dev/hidraw3
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/0003:046D:C51A.004C/hidraw/hidraw3
MAJOR=251
MINOR=3
SEQNUM=3151
SUBSYSTEM=hidraw
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21728399273

UDEV  [21728.400119] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/usbmisc/hiddev1 (usbmisc)
ACTION=add
DEVNAME=/dev/usb/hiddev1
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/usbmisc/hiddev1
MAJOR=180
MINOR=1
SEQNUM=3150
SUBSYSTEM=usbmisc
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21727874845

UDEV  [21728.401438] add      /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/input/input73 (input)
ACTION=add
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/input/input73
EV=17
ID_BUS=usb
ID_INPUT=1
ID_INPUT_MOUSE=1
ID_MODEL=USB_Receiver
ID_MODEL_ENC=USB\x20Receiver
ID_MODEL_ID=c51a
ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.0
ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1d_0-usb-0_1_3_1_0
ID_REVISION=4100
ID_SERIAL=Logitech_USB_Receiver
ID_TYPE=hid
ID_USB_DRIVER=usbhid
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030102:030000:
ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=00
ID_VENDOR=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ENC=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
KEY=ffff0000 0 0 0 0
MODALIAS=input:b0003v046DpC51Ae0111-e0,1,2,4,k110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,11A,11B,11C,11D,11E,11F,r0,1,6,8,am4,lsfw
MSC=10
NAME="Logitech USB Receiver"
PHYS="usb-0000:00:1

udevadm monitor --environment --udev移除接收器时的输出：

#######REMOVE#######


monitor will print the received events for:
UDEV - the event which udev sends out after rule processing

UDEV  [21800.789239] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/input/input75/mouse1 (input)
ACTION=remove
DEVLINKS=/dev/input/by-id/usb-Logitech_USB_Receiver-mouse /dev/input/by-path/pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.0-mouse
DEVNAME=/dev/input/mouse1
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/input/input75/mouse1
ID_BUS=usb
ID_INPUT=1
ID_INPUT_MOUSE=1
ID_MODEL=USB_Receiver
ID_MODEL_ENC=USB\x20Receiver
ID_MODEL_ID=c51a
ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.0
ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1d_0-usb-0_1_3_1_0
ID_REVISION=4100
ID_SERIAL=Logitech_USB_Receiver
ID_TYPE=hid
ID_USB_DRIVER=usbhid
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030102:030000:
ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=00
ID_VENDOR=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ENC=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
MAJOR=13
MINOR=33
SEQNUM=3178
SUBSYSTEM=input
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21797014959

UDEV  [21800.792866] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/input/input75/event6 (input)
ACTION=remove
DEVLINKS=/dev/input/by-id/usb-Logitech_USB_Receiver-event-mouse /dev/input/by-path/pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.0-event-mouse
DEVNAME=/dev/input/event6
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/input/input75/event6
ID_BUS=usb
ID_INPUT=1
ID_INPUT_MOUSE=1
ID_MODEL=USB_Receiver
ID_MODEL_ENC=USB\x20Receiver
ID_MODEL_ID=c51a
ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.0
ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1d_0-usb-0_1_3_1_0
ID_REVISION=4100
ID_SERIAL=Logitech_USB_Receiver
ID_TYPE=hid
ID_USB_DRIVER=usbhid
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030102:030000:
ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=00
ID_VENDOR=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ENC=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
MAJOR=13
MINOR=70
SEQNUM=3179
SUBSYSTEM=input
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21797013896

UDEV  [21800.797061] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/input/input75 (input)
ACTION=remove
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/input/input75
EV=17
ID_BUS=usb
ID_INPUT=1
ID_INPUT_MOUSE=1
ID_MODEL=USB_Receiver
ID_MODEL_ENC=USB\x20Receiver
ID_MODEL_ID=c51a
ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.0
ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1d_0-usb-0_1_3_1_0
ID_REVISION=4100
ID_SERIAL=Logitech_USB_Receiver
ID_TYPE=hid
ID_USB_DRIVER=usbhid
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030102:030000:
ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=00
ID_VENDOR=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ENC=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
KEY=ffff0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
MODALIAS=input:b0003v046DpC51Ae0111-e0,1,2,4,k110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,11A,11B,11C,11D,11E,11F,r0,1,6,8,am4,lsfw
MSC=10
NAME="Logitech USB Receiver"
PHYS="usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3/input0"
PRODUCT=3/46d/c51a/111
PROP=0
REL=143
SEQNUM=3180
SUBSYSTEM=input
UDEV_LOG=3
UNIQ=""
USEC_INITIALIZED=21796479085

UDEV  [21800.797132] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/0003:046D:C51A.004D/hidraw/hidraw2 (hidraw)
ACTION=remove
DEVNAME=/dev/hidraw2
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/0003:046D:C51A.004D/hidraw/hidraw2
MAJOR=251
MINOR=2
SEQNUM=3181
SUBSYSTEM=hidraw
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21800796369

UDEV  [21800.797172] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/0003:046D:C51A.004D (hid)
ACTION=remove
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0/0003:046D:C51A.004D
HID_ID=0003:0000046D:0000C51A
HID_NAME=Logitech USB Receiver
HID_PHYS=usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3/input0
MODALIAS=hid:b0003g0001v0000046Dp0000C51A
SEQNUM=3182
SUBSYSTEM=hid
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21800796501

UDEV  [21800.798537] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0 (usb)
ACTION=remove
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.0
DEVTYPE=usb_interface
INTERFACE=3/1/2
MODALIAS=usb:v046DpC51Ad4100dc00dsc00dp00ic03isc01ip02in00
PRODUCT=46d/c51a/4100
SEQNUM=3183
SUBSYSTEM=usb
TYPE=0/0/0
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21800796538

UDEV  [21800.814181] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/input/input76/event7 (input)
ACTION=remove
DEVLINKS=/dev/input/by-id/usb-Logitech_USB_Receiver-event-if01 /dev/input/by-path/pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.1-event
DEVNAME=/dev/input/event7
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/input/input76/event7
ID_BUS=usb
ID_INPUT=1
ID_INPUT_KEY=1
ID_MODEL=USB_Receiver
ID_MODEL_ENC=USB\x20Receiver
ID_MODEL_ID=c51a
ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.1
ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1d_0-usb-0_1_3_1_1
ID_REVISION=4100
ID_SERIAL=Logitech_USB_Receiver
ID_TYPE=hid
ID_USB_DRIVER=usbhid
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030102:030000:
ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=01
ID_VENDOR=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ENC=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
MAJOR=13
MINOR=71
SEQNUM=3184
SUBSYSTEM=input
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21797013933
XKBLAYOUT=de
XKBMODEL=pc105

UDEV  [21800.816765] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/input/input76 (input)
ABS=1 0
ACTION=remove
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/input/input76
EV=1f
ID_BUS=usb
ID_INPUT=1
ID_INPUT_KEY=1
ID_MODEL=USB_Receiver
ID_MODEL_ENC=USB\x20Receiver
ID_MODEL_ID=c51a
ID_PATH=pci-0000:00:1d.0-usb-0:1.3:1.1
ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_1d_0-usb-0_1_3_1_1
ID_REVISION=4100
ID_SERIAL=Logitech_USB_Receiver
ID_TYPE=hid
ID_USB_DRIVER=usbhid
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030102:030000:
ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=01
ID_VENDOR=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ENC=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
KEY=4837fff 72ff32d bf544446 0 0 1 20f90 8b17c000 677bfa d9415fed 9ed680 4400 0 10000002
MODALIAS=input:b0003v046DpC51Ae0111-e0,1,2,3,4,k71,72,73,74,77,80,82,83,85,86,87,88,89,8A,8B,8C,8E,90,96,98,9B,9C,9E,9F,A1,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9,AB,AC,AD,AE,B0,B1,B2,B5,B6,CE,CF,D0,D1,D2,D4,D8,D9,DB,DF,E4,E7,E8,E9,EA,EB,F1,100,161,162,166,16A,16E,172,174,176,178,179,17A,17B,17C,17D,17F,180,182,183,185,188,189,18C,18D,18E,18F,190,191,192,193,195,198,199,19A,1A0,1A1,1A2,1A3,1A4,1A5,1A6,1A7,1A8,1A9,1AA,1AB,1AC,1AD,1AE,1B0,1B1,1B7,1BA,r6,a20,m4,lsfw
MSC=10
NAME="Logitech USB Receiver"
PHYS="usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3/input1"
PRODUCT=3/46d/c51a/111
PROP=0
REL=40
SEQNUM=3185
SUBSYSTEM=input
UDEV_LOG=3
UNIQ=""
USEC_INITIALIZED=21796482192

UDEV  [21800.817249] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/usbmisc/hiddev1 (usbmisc)
ACTION=remove
DEVNAME=/dev/usb/hiddev1
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/usbmisc/hiddev1
MAJOR=180
MINOR=1
SEQNUM=3186
SUBSYSTEM=usbmisc
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21800816392

UDEV  [21800.818490] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/0003:046D:C51A.004E/hidraw/hidraw3 (hidraw)
ACTION=remove
DEVNAME=/dev/hidraw3
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/0003:046D:C51A.004E/hidraw/hidraw3
MAJOR=251
MINOR=3
SEQNUM=3187
SUBSYSTEM=hidraw
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21800816472

UDEV  [21800.818536] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/0003:046D:C51A.004E (hid)
ACTION=remove
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1/0003:046D:C51A.004E
HID_ID=0003:0000046D:0000C51A
HID_NAME=Logitech USB Receiver
HID_PHYS=usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3/input1
MODALIAS=hid:b0003g0001v0000046Dp0000C51A
SEQNUM=3188
SUBSYSTEM=hid
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21800816908

UDEV  [21800.818580] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1 (usb)
ACTION=remove
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3:1.1
DEVTYPE=usb_interface
INTERFACE=3/0/0
MODALIAS=usb:v046DpC51Ad4100dc00dsc00dp00ic03isc00ip00in01
PRODUCT=46d/c51a/4100
SEQNUM=3189
SUBSYSTEM=usb
TYPE=0/0/0
UDEV_LOG=3
USEC_INITIALIZED=21800816945

UDEV  [21800.818645] remove   /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3 (usb)
ACTION=remove
BUSNUM=002
DEVNAME=/dev/bus/usb/002/038
DEVNUM=038
DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3
DEVTYPE=usb_device
ID_BUS=usb
ID_MODEL=USB_Receiver
ID_MODEL_ENC=USB\x20Receiver
ID_MODEL_ID=c51a
ID_REVISION=4100
ID_SERIAL=Logitech_USB_Receiver
ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030102:030000:
ID_VENDOR=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ENC=Logitech
ID_VENDOR_ID=046d
MAJOR=189
MINOR=165
PRODUCT=46d/c51a/4100
SEQNUM=3190
SUBSYSTEM=usb
TYPE=0/0/0
UDEV_LOG=3
UPOWER_VENDOR=Logitech, Inc.
USEC_INITIALIZED=21796488421

答案1

替代解决方案

在写完下面的答案后，我意识到您想要实现的目标可以在xinputXorg 的配置的帮助下甚至使用 Xorg 的配置来更优雅地完成。请务必阅读有关的文档在 Xorg 中控制输入设备。

使用 udev （你的问题的答案）

根据我的测试，您的规则存在两个问题：

  1. 至少在我的 Ubuntu GNU/Linux 12.04 上，没有检查是否ENV{DEVTYPE}匹配（即使udevadm info和正确报告了它udevadm monitor）。这就是您甚至看不到add规则匹配的原因。
  2. 您应该OWNER从规则中删除该分配remove。这是没有意义的，udev 完全忽略了这条规则。

请尝试以下两条规则，看看是否能解决问题。

ACTION=="add", ENV{ID_MODEL}=="USB_Receiver", ENV{ID_VENDOR_ID}=="046d", ENV{ID_MODEL_ID}=="c51a", RUN+="/home/user/.scripts/Troubleshooting/Bugfixes/mouseswitcher_wrapper 1", OWNER="user"
ACTION=="remove", ENV{ID_MODEL}=="USB_Receiver", ENV{ID_VENDOR_ID}=="046d", ENV{ID_MODEL_ID}=="c51a", RUN+="/home/user/.scripts/Troubleshooting/Bugfixes/mouseswitcher_wrapper 0"

其他注意事项

需要考虑的几件事：

  1. 它的使用ATTR{idVendor}和ATTR{idProduct}设备分类更加清晰。您可以安全地更改add规则以使用它们，而不是ENV，但为了简单起见，我这样保留它们。目前add和remove规则几乎相同。
  2. 考虑以 root 身份在其他用户可写的目录中运行脚本的安全隐患。在您的特定情况下，这不是一个严重的问题，但我不会称其为良好的安全实践。 IMO 最好将脚本放在 /usr/local/bin/ 中，使其归根.root和模式第0755章。
  3. 确保您希望鼠标设备由您的用户拥有，实际上没有必要，PolicyKit 和 Xorg 应该能够毫无问题地处理 root 拥有的设备。

如果您不需要更改设备的所有者并且您的设置适用于 root 拥有的设备，那么您可以将两个 udev 规则简化为以下一个：

ACTION=="add|remove", ENV{ID_MODEL}=="USB_Receiver", ENV{ID_VENDOR_ID}=="046d", ENV{ID_MODEL_ID}=="c51a", RUN+="/home/user/.scripts/Troubleshooting/Bugfixes/mouseswitcher_wrapper $env{ACTION}"

这将使用相应的操作 -remove或调用您的脚本add，因此您需要修改脚本来处理这些参数。

为了防止规则多次匹配（以及要运行的脚本），您需要使规则更加具体：规则匹配鼠标的每个“输入”（按钮等）。这就是为什么它被重复执行的原因。尝试添加ENV{ID_TYPE}!="hid"orENV{ID_USB_DRIVER}!="*hid*"并查看它是否有效，因为只有一个设备不是 HID - 顶部usb_device。

PS：如果您想让mouseswitcher脚本更加灵活，并且正在使用 ConsoleKit 运行系统，您可以使用ck-list-sessions获取当前登录的用户并使用该信息来设置变量XAUTHORITY。

答案2

距离上次的回答已经过去好几年了。从那时起，udev 似乎已经发生了变化，因此 udev 解决方案不再有效，至少对于 udev 软件包版本 237-3ubuntu10.29 的 Ubuntu 18.04 来说是这样。我发布此答案是为了将来遇到此问题的人们的利益，因为我还没有找到有关此问题的任何其他报告。

对于此版本的 udev，ENV{ID_VENDOR_ID} ENV{ID_MODEL_ID}未设置删除事件，因此规则永远不会匹配这些变量。解决方法是使用ENV{PRODUCT}，它是为添加和删除事件设置的。ENV{PRODUCT}具有形式idVendor/idProduct/bcdDevice，因此它可以与包含以下内容的规则匹配：

ENV{PRODUCT}=="xxxx/yyyy*"

其中xxxx是供应商 ID，yyyy是您设备的产品 ID。

与之前回答的时间相比，旁注是 udev 现在设置ENV{DEVTYPE}正确并且可以在规则中匹配。

相关内容