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随机化给定的文本

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随机化给定的文本

这听起来很蠢，但对我很有用。我想随机化单词。输入一段文本，然后以随机顺序输出相同的单词。不过，我不知道该如何开始。因此，我甚至无法提供 MWE。

有人能告诉我使用哪个包来执行以下操作吗：

  • 不必以逗号分隔的列表形式引入文本
  • 获得真正随机的文本
  • 序列word,和一般情况下word[punctuation-sign]也可以随机分离

答案1

这是使用 LuaTeX 的一个小演示，希望它能作为进一步探索的起点。

  • 代码改变了一些命令，例如\bf为了\textbf更快地进行文本操作（%bLua 中的运算符），因为我希望在 TeX 级别格式化一些单词。
  • 它还将空格更改为} \command格式化代码中的序列，例如，我们从一个序列中获取\textbf{1 2 3}一个新的序列\text{1} \text{2} \text{3}。
  • 之后，代码按空格分割整个字符串并将术语保存到 Lua 表中。
  • 该表是散列表，因此打印单词时其顺序看起来是随机的。更新 1：我不能 100% 确定散列等于（伪）随机选择，因此我使用了一种借助函数的经典算法math.random，并从表中删除项目，直到该表为空。
  • 在 TeX 级别有一个\randomize命令，我们在需要时调用它。
  • 更新 2：我还对标点符号实现了一些基本的操作：它们（只有。，！？）表现得像单词一样，并且在后处理阶段我们删除了一些多余的空格。

我附上了代码和结果预览，第一段经过处理并着色以便于阅读，第二段是原始文本。我们运行lualatex mal-text.tex。

% lualatex mal-text.tex
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\pagestyle{empty}
\usepackage{luacode}
\usepackage{xcolor}

\begin{document}
\begin{luacode*}
math.randomseed(321) -- Are we getting the some output?

-- Preparations for minor changes.
format={ "\\textbf", "\\textit" }
change={ ["it"]="\\textit", ["bf"]="\\textbf" }
malcomma="[%.,!%?]+"

-- The core function we call every time when
-- we use the \randomize command in TeX.
function random()
text=tex.toks[0] -- Take parameter from TeX.
words={} -- initialize/clear the variable with previously parsed words
print("Processing: "..text)

-- Change \bf to \textbf for faster searching at a Lua level.
for search, modify in pairs(change) do
  text=unicode.utf8.gsub(text, "{\\"..search.." ", modify.."{")
end -- for, modify

-- Let punctuations behave like words.
-- I am choosing only some basic ones for demonstration.
text=unicode.utf8.gsub(text, "("..malcomma..")", " %1")

-- Let's delete spaces after commands.
text=unicode.utf8.gsub(text, "(\\[%a]-) ", "%1")
for _,term in pairs(format) do -- Focus on defined terms only.
   text=unicode.utf8.gsub(text, term.."(%b{})", -- Find that part.
   function(s) -- Change spaces to commands, e.g. \textbf{a b c} to \textbf{a} \textf{b} \textbf{c}.
      s=unicode.utf8.gsub(s, "%s+", "} "..term.."{")
      toreturn=term..s -- Add original command to the string,
      -- print(toreturn) -- print byproduct, if necessary,
      return toreturn -- and return it to the gsub.
   end -- function, s
   ) -- end of gsub
end -- for, term

-- Store data, they will be hashed at a Lua level.
for word in unicode.utf8.gmatch(text, "[%S]+") do
   -- print("..."..word.."...") -- Words we process.
   -- words[word]=word -- Is hashed equal to randomized? I assume not, therefore there is a classical example.
   table.insert(words,word) -- Storing one text element.
   end -- for, word

-- Print all words back in TeX, even with punctuation, 
-- but the terms are hashed, therefore it looks like 
-- randomly choosen data.
-- An old example...
--[[ for _, selected in pairs(words) do
   tex.print(selected)
   end -- for, selected]]

-- A new example, that's almost a classical algorithm...
backup=words -- backuping data, just in case
malstring=""

while #words~=0 do -- print table until that is empty
   selected=math.random(#words) -- randomly pick number between 1 and number of elements in the table words
   malstring=malstring..words[selected].." " -- print that element
   table.remove(words,selected) -- and delete it
end -- repeat that process until that table is empty

-- Postprocessing due to punctuations, e.g. > . . <. Delete that extra space.
malstring=unicode.utf8.gsub(malstring, " ("..malcomma..")", "%1") -- unformatted punctuations
malstring=unicode.utf8.gsub(malstring, " (\\%a+{"..malcomma.."})", "%1") -- formatted punctuations
malstring=unicode.utf8.gsub(malstring, "%s+$", "") -- remove ending spaces
-- print(malstring)

-- Print the result in a document.
tex.sprint(malstring)

end -- function, random
\end{luacode*}

% Some background in TeX, send parameter to Lua.
% Let's change colour of the randomized text for easier checking the results.
\def\randomize#1{%
   \toks0{#1}% Saving parameter for later load.
   \begingroup\color{blue}% Change a colour within a group.
   \directlua{random()}% Calling Lua.
   \endgroup% End of the group, change of colour.
   }% End of the command \randomize.

% An example of use.
% Definition of text + printing it.
\def\maltext{%
Regular text. \randomize{Text to be randomized. Next sentence to be used.} Common text, the middle part. \randomize{Next section \textit{of the text, middle part,} ending word.} The paragraph ends here. \randomize{1 2 {\bf 3 4 5 6 7 8} 9 0}. One last change: \randomize{a b c d e f g h A B C D E F G H}.}
\maltext

% Show me the original text.
\def\randomize#1{#1}
\maltext
\end{document}

代码示例：随机选择单词

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