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如何重建该表？

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如何重建该表？

看看我在做什么这里。在此处输入图片描述

我设法想出的 MWE 如下：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{cals}
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{|p{4cm}|c|p{3.5cm}|}\hline
\diaghead{\theadfont Appeals to agent causality explanation}%
{Preferred type\\of cognitive processing}{Appeals to agent explanation/\\causality}&
\thead{Unrestricted}&\thead{Restricted}\\ \hline
\vspace{1cm}
Reflective & 1. Theology & 2. Science\\ \hline
\vspace{1cm}
Maturationally natural & 3. Popular religion & 4. Commonsense explanations and understandings of the non-social world\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

由此产生了如下结果：在此处输入图片描述

但是有些行和列的格式很乱，有些列居中，有些不居中，有些行居中，有些不居中，而且单词会不必要地跨行。有人能帮我改正一下，让我更接近原文吗？谢谢。

答案1

这是使用 TikZ 节点和库的解决方案positioning。我相信可以做得更优雅。但是，如果你有兴趣调整这个就这样，这可能是一个适合您的解决方案。

\documentclass[border=4pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,positioning}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}[
  node distance=0pt,
  %% h=horizontal, v=vertical   
  %% l=left,  m=middle, r=right,
  %% t=top,   b=bottom,         
  %% w=width, h=height          
  hlw/.style={minimum width=2.5in},
  hmw/.style={minimum width=1.75in},
  hrw/.style={minimum width=2in},
  vth/.style={minimum height=1in},
  vmh/.style={minimum height=1in},
  vbh/.style={minimum height=1.25in},
  %%
  my corner stone/.style={vth,hlw,draw},
  %%
  my text/.style={text width=1.5in},
  my corner stone top/.style={text width=1.5in,align=flush right,anchor=north east},
  my corner stone bot/.style={text width=1.5in,align=flush left,anchor=south west},
  ]
  \node[outer sep=0pt,my corner stone] (corner stone) at (0,0) {};
  \draw (corner stone.north west) -- (corner stone.south east);

  %% top labels
  \node[right =of corner stone,hmw,vth,draw]         (unrestricted square) {Unrestricted};
  \node[right =of unrestricted square,hrw,vth,draw]  (restricted square)   {Restricted};

  %% side labels
  \node[below=of corner stone,hlw,vmh,draw]          (reflective)          {Reflective};
  \node[below=of reflective,hlw,vbh,draw]            (mature)              {Maturationally natural};

  %% contents
  \node[right=of reflective,hmw,vmh,draw]            (theology)            {Theology};
  \node[right=of theology,hrw,vmh,draw]              (science)             {Science};

  \node[right=of mature,hmw,vbh,draw]                (popular)             {Popular religion};
  \node[right=of popular,hrw,vbh,draw,my text]       (long)                {Common sense explanations and understandings of the non-sensical world};

  \node[my corner stone top] at (corner stone.north east) {Appeals to agent explanation/causality};
  \node[my corner stone bot] at (corner stone.south west) {Preferred type of cognitive processing};  


  \foreach \myn [count=\myi] in {theology,science,popular,long}
  {
    \node[anchor=north west] at (\myn.north west) {\myi};
  }
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

那么，为什么不去掉那个丑陋的对角线单元格呢？试试这个：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\begin{document}

\begin{table}\centering
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{4mm}
\begin{tabular}{@{}lll@{}}\toprule
 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Appeals to agent} \\
 & \multicolumn{2}{c}{explanation/causality}\\ \cmidrule(lr){2-3}
Preferred type of &&\\
cognitive processing  & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Unrestricted}} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Restricted}} \\ \cmidrule(r){1-1}\cmidrule(l){2-3}
\textbf{Reflective} & 1. Theology & 2. Science\\
\textbf{Maturationally natural} & 3. Popular religion & 4. Commonsense explana-\\ 
&& tions and understandings  \\
&& of the non-social world\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

我建议完全不同的东西。它并不完美，但我认为看起来更好。我不懂德语，但所有命令都是从 Axel Reichter 那里偷来的表格内容。

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\begin{document}

\newcommand{\armultirow}[3]{%
    \multicolumn{#1}{#2}{%
        \begin{picture}(0,0)%
            \put(0,0){%
            \begin{tabular}[b]{@{}#2@{}}%
            #3%
            \end{tabular}%
        }%
        \end{picture}%
    }%
}%

\newcolumntype{H}[1]{%
    >{\bfseries\centering\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}%
    }

\newcolumntype{L}[1]{%
    >{\bfseries\raggedright\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}p{#1}%
    }

\newcolumntype{P}[1]{%
    >{\raggedright\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}p{#1}%
    }

\begin{tabular}{P{4cm}P{3.5cm}P{3.5cm}}
\armultirow{1}{L{4cm}}{Preferred type of cognitive processing}
& \multicolumn{2}{H{7.5cm}}{Appeals to agent causality explanation/causality} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-3}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{Unrestricted} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Restricted} \\
\cmidrule(lr){1-1}\cmidrule(lr){2-2}
\cmidrule(lr){3-3}
Refective & 1. Theology & 2. Science\\[1ex]
Maturationally natural & 3. Popular religion & 4. Commonsense explanations and understandings of the non-social world\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案4

对于中间对齐的段落单元格，您应该使用m列而不是p一列，一列用于顶部对齐的单元格。
然后，对于水平居中，您需要加载array包并将其添加>{\centering\arraybackslash}到要居中的列的前面。

对于断字，我认为这是因为你限制了列的大小。尝试增加它或让 LaTeX 选择。

最后，不要使用\vspaces。使用\setcellgapes和\makegapedcells。

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{cals}

\setcellgapes{8pt}
\begin{document}
\begingroup
\makegapedcells
\begin{tabular}{|>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{4cm}|c|>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{3.5cm}|}\hline
\diaghead{\theadfont Appeals to agent causality explanation}%
{Preferred type\\of cognitive processing}{Appeals to agent explanation/\\causality}&
\thead{Unrestricted}&\thead{Restricted}\\ \hline
Reflective & 1. Theology & 2. Science\\ \hline
Maturationally natural & 3. Popular religion & 4. Commonsense explanations and understandings of the non-social world\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\endgroup
\end{document}

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