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五角星图

tag-icon • tag-icon commutative-diagrams
五角星图

有人能帮我让这个交换图看起来更美观吗？

% compile with LaTeX

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pictexwd,dcpic}

\begin{document}
\begindc{\commdiag}[500]
\obj(0,0){$F(V)$}
\obj(2,0){$F(W)$} 
\obj(-1,1){$F'(U_1)$} 
\obj(3,1){$F'(U_3)$}
\obj(1,2){$F'(U_2)$}
\mor(-1,1)(1,2){}
\mor(-1,1)(3,1){}
\mor(-1,1)(0,0){}
\mor(-1,1)(2,0){}
\mor(3,1)(2,0){}
\mor(1,2)(0,0){}
\mor(1,2)(2,0){}
\mor(1,2)(3,1){}
\mor(3,1)(0,0){}
\mor(3,1)(2,0){}
\mor(0,0)(2,0){}
\enddc      
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

下面的示例通过具有正五边形多边形形状的节点设置五角星的角：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}

\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[
      regular polygon,
      regular polygon sides=5,
      minimum width=30mm,
    ] (PG) {}
      (PG.corner 1) node (PG1) {$F'(U_2)$}
      (PG.corner 2) node (PG2) {$F'(U_1)$}
      (PG.corner 3) node (PG3) {$F(V)$}
      (PG.corner 4) node (PG4) {$F(W)$}
      (PG.corner 5) node (PG5) {$F'(U_3)$}
    ;
    \foreach \S/\E in {
      1/3, 1/4, 1/5,
      2/1, 2/3, 2/4, 2/5,
      3/4,
      5/3, 5/4%
    } {
      \draw[->] (PG\S) -- (PG\E);
    }
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

结果

可以通过指定以下项来降低高度yscale：

\node[..., yscale=.75] (PG) {}

结果 yscale=.75

线条

 (PG.corner 1) node (PG1) {$F'(U_2)$}
 ...
 (PG.corner 5) node (PG5) {$F'(U_3)$}

也可以写成：

  \foreach \t [count=\i] in {F'(U_2), F'(U_1), F(V), F(W), F'(U_3)} {
    (PG.corner \i) node (PG\i) {$\t$}
  }

答案2

我只能提供两个解决方案：

% arara: pdflatex

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}

\begin{document}
\newlength{\edgelentgh}
\setlength{\edgelentgh}{3cm}
\[
\begin{tikzcd}[row sep={0cm,between origins},column sep={0cm,between origins}] % setting seperators to zero for easier manipulation
&[.3090169944\edgelentgh]
&[.5\edgelentgh] % above value times golden ratio
F'(U_2)\arrow{ddl}\arrow{ddr}\arrow{drr} 
&[.5\edgelentgh] 
&[.3090169944\edgelentgh] 
\\[.5877852523\edgelentgh]
F'(U_1)\arrow{urr}\arrow{rrrr}\arrow{dr}\arrow{drrr} 
&&&& 
F'(U_3) \arrow{dlll}\arrow{dl} 
\\[.9510565163\edgelentgh] % above value times golden ratio
& 
F(V)\arrow{rr} 
&& 
F(W) 
& 
\end{tikzcd}
\]      

% This example is given in the tikz-cd manual:

\begin{tikzpicture}[commutative diagrams/every diagram]
\node (P0) at (90:.8506508084\edgelentgh) {$F'(U_2)$};
\node (P1) at (90+72:.8506508084\edgelentgh) {$F'(U_1)$} ;
\node (P2) at (90+2*72:.8506508084\edgelentgh) {$F(V)$};
\node (P3) at (90+3*72:.8506508084\edgelentgh) {$F(W)$};
\node (P4) at (90+4*72:.8506508084\edgelentgh) {$F'(U_3)$};
%
\path[commutative diagrams/.cd, every arrow, every label]
(P0) -- (P4) edge (P3)
(P0) edge (P3)
(P0) edge (P2)
(P1) edge (P0)
(P1) edge (P4)
(P1) edge (P3)
(P1) -- (P2) edge (P3)
(P4) edge (P2);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

AMetaPost解决方案使用boxes包，包含在LuaLaTeX程序中，以便于排版。

不同的节点通过这个link宏链接起来：

  def link(suffix a, b) =
    drawarrow a.c -- b.c cutbefore bpath a cutafter bpath b 
  enddef;

正如其语法所示，在绘制实际箭头之前，它会删除第一个节点边界之前和第二个节点边界之后的线的部分。

\documentclass[border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{luamplib}
  \mplibtextextlabel{enable}
  \everymplib{input boxes;
    def link(suffix a, b) =
      drawarrow a.c -- b.c cutbefore bpath a cutafter bpath b 
    enddef; 
    beginfig(1);}
  \everyendmplib{endfig;}
\begin{document}
  \begin{mplibcode}
    u := 1.75cm;
    boxit.fv("$F(V)$"); fv.c = origin;
    boxit.fw("$F(W)$"); fw.c = (2u, 0);
    boxit.fpu1("$F'(U_1)$"); fpu1.c = (-u, u);
    boxit.fpu2("$F'(U_2)$"); fpu2.c = (u, 2u);
    boxit.fpu3("$F'(U_3)$"); fpu3.c = (3u, u);
    drawunboxed(fv, fw, fpu1, fpu2, fpu3);
    forsuffixes a = fv, fw, fpu3, fpu2: link(fpu1, a); endfor
    forsuffixes a = fv, fw, fpu3: link(fpu2, a); endfor
    link(fv, fw); link(fpu3, fv); link(fpu3, fw);
  \end{mplibcode}
\end{document}

输出：

在此处输入图片描述

答案4

并且仅在普通的 Metapost 中，就有漂亮的线条交叉。

我切换F(V)了F(W)以使循环更简单。

在此处输入图片描述

prologues := 3;
outputtemplate := "%j%c.eps";

beginfig(1);
numeric R; R = 120;
picture t[];
t1=thelabel(btex $F'(U_1)$ etex, (0,R) rotated 72);
t2=thelabel(btex $F'(U_2)$ etex, (0,R));
t3=thelabel(btex $F'(U_3)$ etex, (0,R) rotated -72);
t4=thelabel(btex $F(V)$    etex, (0,R) rotated -144);
t5=thelabel(btex $F(W)$    etex, (0,R) rotated +144);

path arc;
bboxmargin := 5; 
for i=1 upto 5:
  draw t[i];
  for j=i+1 upto 5:
     arc := center t[i] -- center t[j]
            cutbefore bbox t[i] cutafter bbox t[j];
     undraw arc withpen pencircle scaled 4;
     drawarrow arc;
  endfor
endfor
endfig;

end.

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