我一直想制作一个图像，但没有成功。通常我使用 tikz 环境，但仍然搞不懂。
我需要帮助！谢谢！
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{figure}[bt]
\centering
\scalebox{0.6}
{
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=5]
\tikzstyle{vertex}=[circle,minimum size=20pt,inner sep=0pt]
\tikzstyle{selected vertex} = [vertex, fill=red!24]
\tikzstyle{selected edge} = [draw,line width=5pt,-,red!50]
\tikzstyle{edge} = [draw,thick,-,black]
\node[vertex] (v0) at (0.5,0.5) {};
\node[vertex] (v1) at (0.5,1) {};
\node[vertex] (v2) at (1,0.5) {};
\node[vertex] (v3) at (1,1) {$V$};
\node[vertex] (v4) at (0.615, 0.7) {$C$};
\node[vertex] (v5) at (0.615,1.2) {};
\node[vertex] (v6) at (1.14,0.7) {};
\node[vertex] (v7) at (1.14, 1.2) {};
\node[vertex] (v8) at (-0.5,-0.5) {};
\node[vertex] (v9) at (-0.5, 1) {};
\node[vertex] (v13) at (-0.08,1.6) {};
\node[vertex] (v12) at (-0.08, 0.1) {};
\node[vertex] (v10) at (1,-0.5) {};
\node[vertex] (v14) at (1.42,0.1) {};
\node[vertex] (v11) at (1,1) {};
\node[vertex] (v15) at (1.42, 1.6) {};
\draw[edge] (v0) -- (v1) -- (v3) -- (v2) -- (v0);
\draw[edge] (v0) -- (v4) -- (v5) -- (v1) -- (v0);
\draw[edge] (v2) -- (v6) -- (v7) -- (v3) -- (v2);
\draw[edge] (v4) -- (v6) -- (v7) -- (v5) -- (v4);
\draw[edge] (v8) -- (v9) -- (v13) -- (v12) -- (v8);
\draw[edge] (v8) -- (v10) -- (v14) -- (v12) -- (v8);
\draw[edge] (v10) -- (v11) -- (v15) -- (v14) -- (v10);
\draw[edge] (v9) -- (v11) -- (v15) -- (v13) -- (v9);
\end{tikzpicture}
}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
和
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\large
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{figure}
\begin{tikzpicture}
[cube/.style={very thick,black},
grid/.style={very thin,gray},
axis/.style={->,black,thick}]
\begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={minimum size=1cm},on grid]
\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=-0.5},yslant=-0.5]
[cube/.style={very thick,black},
axis/.style={->,blue,thick}]
\draw[axis] (5,5,0) -- (-2,-2,0) node[anchor=west]{$x$};
\shade[right color=gray!10, left color=black!50] (0,0) rectangle +(3,3);
\node at (0.5,2.5) {};
\node at (1.5,2.5) {};
\node at (2.5,2.5) {};
\node at (0.5,1.5) {};
\node at (1.5,1.5) {};
\node at (2.5,1.5) {};
\node at (0.5,0.5) {};
\node at (1.5,0.5) {};
\node at (2.5,0.5) {};
\draw (0,0) grid (3,3);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={yslant=0.5},yslant=0.5]
\draw[axis] (3,0,0) -- (8,-5,0) node[anchor=west]{$y$};
\shade[right color=gray!70,left color=gray!10] (3,-3) rectangle +(3,3);
\node at (3.5,-0.5) {};
\node at (4.5,-0.5) {};
\node at (5.5,-0.5) {};
\node at (3.5,-1.5) {};
\node at (4.5,-1.5) {};
\node at (5.5,-1.5) {};
\node at (3.5,-2.5) {};
\node at (4.5,-2.5) {};
\node at (5.5,-2.5) {};
\draw (3,-3) grid (6,0);
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={
yslant=0.5,xslant=-1},yslant=0.5,xslant=-1
]
\draw[axis] (3,0,0) -- (8,5,0) node[anchor=west]{$z$};
\shade[bottom color=gray!10, top color=black!80] (6,3) rectangle +(-3,-3);
\node at (3.5,2.5) {};
\node at (3.5,1.5) {};
\node at (3.5,0.5) {};
\node at (4.5,2.5) {};
\node at (4.5,1.5) {};
\node at (4.5,0.5) {};
\node at (5.5,2.5) {};
\node at (5.5,1.5) {};
\node at (5.5,0.5) {};
\draw (3,0) grid (6,3);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
答案1
这是另一个选项tikz-3dplot：
代码；\BigSide并\SmallSide允许您轻松更改两侧的值：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\begin{document}
\tdplotsetmaincoords{70}{120}
\begin{tikzpicture}[tdplot_main_coords]
\def\BigSide{5}
\def\SmallSide{1.5}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\CalcSide}{\BigSide-\SmallSide}
% The vertex at V
\tdplotsetcoord{P}{sqrt(3)*\BigSide}{55}{45}
\coordinate (sxl) at (\BigSide,\CalcSide,\BigSide);
\coordinate (syl) at (\CalcSide,\CalcSide,\BigSide);
\coordinate (szl) at (\CalcSide,\BigSide,\BigSide);
\draw[dashed]
(0,0,0) -- (Px)
(0,0,0) -- (Py)
(0,0,0) -- (Pz);
\draw[->]
(Px) -- ++ (1,0,0) node[anchor=north east]{$x$};
\draw[->]
(Py) -- ++(0,1,0) node[anchor=north west]{$y$};
\draw[->]
(Pz) -- ++(0,0,1) node[anchor=south]{$z$};
\draw[thick]
(Pxz) -- (P) -- (Pxy) -- (Px) -- (Pxz) -- (Pz) -- (Pyz) -- (P);
\draw[thick]
(Pyz) -- (Py) -- (Pxy);
\fill[pattern=north west lines,opacity=0.3]
(\BigSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) -- (\CalcSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) -- (\CalcSide,\BigSide,\CalcSide) -- (\BigSide,\BigSide,\CalcSide) -- cycle;
\draw[dashed]
(\BigSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) -- (\CalcSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) coordinate (C) -- (\CalcSide,\BigSide,\CalcSide);
\fill[pattern=north east lines,opacity=0.3]
(\BigSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) -- (\CalcSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) -- (\CalcSide,\CalcSide,\BigSide) -- (\BigSide,\CalcSide,\BigSide) -- (\BigSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) -- cycle;
\draw[dashed]
(\CalcSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) -- (\CalcSide,\CalcSide,\BigSide);
\draw[thick]
(szl) -- (syl) -- (sxl) -- (\BigSide,\CalcSide,\CalcSide) -- (\BigSide,\BigSide,\CalcSide) -- (\CalcSide,\BigSide,\CalcSide) -- cycle;
\node[label=above:$V$,fill,circle,inner sep=1.75pt] at (P) {};
\node[shift={(-0.5pt,0,0)}] at (C) {$C$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
毫无疑问，还有更有效的方法，但在 3D 系统中使用形式的坐标(<x>,<y>,<z>)可能会使事情变得更容易。
\documentclass[tikz,border=10pt,multi]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw (5,0,0) coordinate (x) |- (0,5,0) coordinate [midway] (h) coordinate (y) -- (0,5,5) coordinate (a) -- (0,0,5) coordinate (z) -- (5,0,5) edge (x) -- (5,5,5) coordinate (v) edge (h)
-- (a) ;
\draw [dashed] (0,0,0) coordinate (o) edge (x) edge (y) -- (z);
\node [circle, minimum size=5pt, inner sep=0pt, fill, label=135:V] at (v) {};
\draw [->] (x) -- +(3pt,0,0) node [midway,above] {$x$};
\draw [->] (y) -- +(0,3pt,0) node [midway,right] {$y$};
\draw [->] (z) -- +(0,0,3pt) node [midway,above] {$z$};
\draw (v) -- ++(0,0,-2) coordinate (d) -- ++(-2,0,0) coordinate (e) -- ++(0,0,2) |- ++(2,-2,0) coordinate [midway] (f) -- ++(0,0,-2) coordinate (g) -- (d);
\draw [dashed] (e) -- ++(0,-2,0) coordinate (c) edge (f) -- (g);
\node [label=45:C] at (c) {};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
