我正在尝试创建一个具有两个 y 轴和 x 轴正确对齐的 ybar 图。我有两个数据集需要比较，我想要得到的是一个正常的 ybar 图，其中每个刻度都有水平移动的条形，但只有第二个 y 轴。我得到的是一个堆叠的 ybar 图。这是屏幕截图。
我尝试过水平移动第二个条形图，但我只能将它们与 x 轴一起移动。当使第二个 x 轴不可见时，我可以使其看起来几乎正确，但只是几乎正确。轮廓框突然显示一个间隙（只有不可见的 x 轴位于其中），并且每个刻度周围的偏移不均匀。我希望两个条形图都均匀地围绕刻度移动，而不是第一个条形图直接位于刻度上，第二个条形图位于其右侧。
这是我的 MWE：
\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.12,height=0.3\textheight,legend cell align=left,tick scale binop=\times}
\pgfplotsset{grid style={loosely dotted,color=darkgray!30!gray,line width=0.6pt},tick style={black,thin}}
\pgfplotsset{every axis plot/.append style={line width=0.8pt}}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\pgfplotstableread{
Proben-Nr Si-Proben Si-Differenz-abs Si-Differenz-rel
1 V6 11.3593 28.1270
2 V72 13.9331 37.8023
3 V71 9.8126 30.0322
4 V91 7.8221 39.3675
5 V52 2.9802 17.0464
6 V51 1.8607 11.0570
7 V54 0.4743 3.0959
8 V55 0.4464 3.1361
9 V53 -0.3831 -2.7133
10 V4 -6.1150 -46.745
11 V31 0.5284 5.0706
12 V3 -0.5891 -7.7555
13 V32 -0.3487 -4.6406
14 V2 -2.0608 -53.916
15 V34 -4.2070 -153.28
16 V35 -5.8963 -218.38
17 V1 -4.3101 -260.54
}\Palermo
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
% Si Error
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfplotsset{
scale only axis,
xmin=0,
xmax=18,
width=0.9\textwidth,
height=0.30\textheight,
}
\begin{axis}[
ymin=-15,
ymax=15,
axis y line*=left,
ybar,
bar width=0.25,
xlabel={Probe},
ylabel={Absoluter Fehler in at\%},
xtick={1,2,...,17},
xticklabel style={rotate=45,anchor=north east},
xticklabels from table={\Palermo}{Si-Proben},
xtick align=inside,
xticklabel pos=left,
grid,
legend pos= south west
]
\addplot [fill=blue,]
table[x = Proben-Nr, y = Si-Differenz-abs,]{\Palermo};
\legend{Absoluter Fehler}
\end{axis}
\begin{axis} [
ymin=-300,
ymax=300,
axis y line*=right,
axis x line*=none,
ybar,
bar width=0.25,
ylabel={Relativer Fehler in \%},
xtick={1,2,...,18},
xticklabel style={rotate=45,anchor=north east},
xticklabels from table={\Palermo}{Si-Proben},
xtick align=inside,
xticklabel pos=left,
legend pos= north east
]
\addplot [fill=red]
table[x = Proben-Nr, y = Si-Differenz-rel]{\Palermo};
\legend{Relativer Fehler}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Si absolute und relative Abweichung}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
答案1
用 移动红色条xshift=0.5*\pgfplotbarwidth，用 移动蓝色条xshift=-0.5*\pgfplotbarwidth。
\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.12,height=0.3\textheight,legend cell align=left,tick scale binop=\times}
\pgfplotsset{grid style={loosely dotted,color=darkgray!30!gray,line width=0.6pt},tick style={black,thin}}
\pgfplotsset{every axis plot/.append style={line width=0.8pt}}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\pgfplotstableread{
Proben-Nr Si-Proben Si-Differenz-abs Si-Differenz-rel
1 V6 11.3593 28.1270
2 V72 13.9331 37.8023
3 V71 9.8126 30.0322
4 V91 7.8221 39.3675
5 V52 2.9802 17.0464
6 V51 1.8607 11.0570
7 V54 0.4743 3.0959
8 V55 0.4464 3.1361
9 V53 -0.3831 -2.7133
10 V4 -6.1150 -46.745
11 V31 0.5284 5.0706
12 V3 -0.5891 -7.7555
13 V32 -0.3487 -4.6406
14 V2 -2.0608 -53.916
15 V34 -4.2070 -153.28
16 V35 -5.8963 -218.38
17 V1 -4.3101 -260.54
}\Palermo
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
% Si Error
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfplotsset{
scale only axis,
xmin=0,
xmax=18,
width=0.9\textwidth,
height=0.30\textheight,
}
\begin{axis}[
ymin=-15,
ymax=15,
axis y line*=left,
ybar,
bar width=0.25,
xlabel={Probe},
ylabel={Absoluter Fehler in at\%},
xtick={1,3,...,39},
xticklabel style={rotate=45,anchor=north east},
xticklabels from table={\Palermo}{Si-Proben},
xtick align=inside,
xticklabel pos=left,
grid,
legend pos= south west
]
\addplot [fill=blue,xshift=-0.5*\pgfplotbarwidth]
table[x = Proben-Nr, y = Si-Differenz-abs,]{\Palermo};
\legend{Absoluter Fehler}
\end{axis}
\begin{axis} [
ymin=-300,
ymax=300,
axis y line*=right,
axis x line*=none,
ybar,
bar width=0.25,
ylabel={Relativer Fehler in \%},
xtick={2,4,...,38},
xticklabel style={rotate=45,anchor=north east},
xticklabels from table={\Palermo}{Si-Proben},
xtick align=inside,
xticklabel pos=left,
legend pos= north east
]
\addplot [fill=red,xshift=0.5*\pgfplotbarwidth]
table[x = Proben-Nr, y = Si-Differenz-rel]{\Palermo};
\legend{Relativer Fehler}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Si absolute und relative Abweichung}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
输出
