![树中的垂直线和节点的延伸](https://linux22.com/image/321616/%E6%A0%91%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%9E%82%E7%9B%B4%E7%BA%BF%E5%92%8C%E8%8A%82%E7%82%B9%E7%9A%84%E5%BB%B6%E4%BC%B8.png)
我正在尝试生成一棵树,树中有一条垂直线正好穿过中间,就在顶部节点的 0.5 和底部节点的 2 之后,我想在它后面直接写上 1.25,1.25,从某种意义上说,这是在延伸节点
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\tikzstyle{bag} = [text width=2em, text centered]
\tikzstyle{end} = []
\begin{tikzpicture}[sloped]
\node (a) at ( 0,0) [bag] {$\textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}$};
\node (b) at ( 4,-1.5) [bag] {$\textcolor{blue}{0.5},\textcolor{purple}{2}$};
\node (c) at ( 4,1.5) [bag] {$\textcolor{blue}{2},\textcolor{purple}{0.5}$};
\node (e) at ( 8,0) [bag] {$\textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}$};
\draw [->] (a) to node [below] {$1/2$} (b);
\draw [->] (a) to node [above] {$1/2$} (c);
\draw [->] (c) to node [above] {$1/2$} (e);
\draw [->] (b) to node [below] {$1/2$} (e);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
虽然我更喜欢更微妙的虚线直线,但如果可能的话,我也想在下面写一些文字
答案1
一种可能性显示三种选项:
前两个,使用你的 TikZ 方法,首先使用直线,然后使用装饰
snake
:\documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathmorphing} \tikzset{ bag/.style={text width=2em, text centered}, end/.style={} } \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture}[sloped] \node (a) at ( 0,0) [bag] {$\textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}$}; \node (b) at ( 4,-1.5) [bag,text width=4em] {$\textcolor{blue}{0.5},\textcolor{purple}{2\phantom{.5}}$}; \node (c) at ( 4,1.5) [bag,text width=3em] {$\textcolor{blue}{\phantom{.5}2},\textcolor{purple}{0.5}$}; \node (e) at ( 8,0) [bag] {$\textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}$}; \draw [->] (a) to node[below] {$1/2$} (b); \draw [->] (a) to node[above] {$1/2$} (c); \draw [->] (c.south east) to node[above] {$1/2$} (e); \draw [->] (b) to node[below] {$1/2$} (e); \draw ([yshift=2ex]c.north) -- ([yshift=-2ex]b.south) node[below] {$\textcolor{blue}{1.25},\textcolor{purple}{1.25}$}; \end{tikzpicture}\par\bigskip \begin{tikzpicture}[sloped,decoration=snake] \node (a) at ( 0,0) [bag] {$\textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}$}; \node (b) at ( 4,-1.5) [bag,text width=4em] {$\textcolor{blue}{0.5},\textcolor{purple}{2\phantom{.5}}$}; \node (c) at ( 4,1.5) [bag,text width=3em] {$\textcolor{blue}{\phantom{.5}2},\textcolor{purple}{0.5}$}; \node (e) at ( 8,0) [bag] {$\textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}$}; \draw [->] (a) to node[below] {$1/2$} (b); \draw [->] (a) to node[above] {$1/2$} (c); \draw [->] (c.south east) to node[above] {$1/2$} (e); \draw [->] (b) to node[below] {$1/2$} (e); \draw[decorate] ([yshift=2ex]c.north) -- ([yshift=-2ex]b.south) node[below] {$\textcolor{blue}{1.25},\textcolor{purple}{1.25}$}; \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}
您可能希望在最后一个示例中的数字之间添加一些额外的空格。
还有一个选项是使用
tikz-cd
:\documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz-cd} \begin{document} \begin{tikzcd}[ column sep=2cm, execute at end picture={ \draw ([yshift=2ex]top.north) -- ([yshift=-2ex]bottom.south) node[below] {$\textcolor{blue}{1.25},\textcolor{purple}{1.25}$}; } ] & |[alias=top]|\textcolor{blue}{\phantom{.5}2},\textcolor{purple}{0.5}\ar[dr,"1/2"] & \\ \textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}\ar[ur,"1/2"]\ar[dr,"1/2",swap] & & \textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1} \\ & |[alias=bottom]|\textcolor{blue}{0.5},\textcolor{purple}{2\phantom{.5}}\ar[ur,"1/2",swap] & \end{tikzcd} \end{document}
答案2
您的代码让我想起了自动化的草图,因此以下代码也许就是您要找的:
\documentclass[border=3mm,
tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,automata,quotes,positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 24mm and 42mm,
> = {Stealth[length=5pt,width=4pt]},
bar/.style = {inner ysep=2pt},
every edge quotes/.style = {sloped, anchor=north}
]
\node (a) [bar] {$\textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}$};
\node (b)
[bar,below right=of a] {$\textcolor{blue}{0.5},\textcolor{purple}{2}$};
\node (c)
[bar,above right=of b] {$\textcolor{blue}{1},\textcolor{purple}{1}$};
\node (d)
[bar,above right=of a] {$\textcolor{blue}{2},\textcolor{purple}{0.5}$};
\path[->] (a) edge ["$1/2$"] (b)
(b) edge ["$1/2$"] (c)
(a) edge ["$1/2$"] (d)
(d) edge ["$1/2$"] (c);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
图片:
升级:好吧,另一个答案已经被接受了,而且这个答案更清楚,问题是什么。无论如何,另一个(我认为简单的)解决方案是:
\documentclass[border=3mm,
tikz, ]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,automata,quotes,positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
every edge quotes/.style = {sloped, anchor=north},
every node/.style = {font=\bfseries,text width=1.5em, align=center}
]
\node (a) {\textcolor{blue}{1},\;\textcolor{purple}{1}};
\node (b1) [left] at (4,2) {\textcolor{blue}{0.5}};
\node (b2) [right] at (4,2) {\textcolor{purple}{2}};
\node (c) at (8,0) {\textcolor{blue}{2},\;\textcolor{purple}{0.5}};
\node (d1) [left] at (4,-2){\textcolor{blue}{1}};
\node (d2) [right] at (4,-2){\textcolor{purple}{1}};
\path[very thick,purple,->]
(a) edge["$1/2$"] (b1.west)
(a) edge["$1/2$"] (d1.west)
(b2.east) edge["$1/2$"] (c)
(d2.east) edge["$1/2$"] (c);
\draw[decorate,decoration=snake,thick] (b1.north east) -- (d1.south east);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
这使: