如何用 TikZ 绘制弯曲的街道

Question

我对使用 TikZ 绘制弯曲的街道感兴趣。最终的街道应如下所示：

目前我尝试使用贝塞尔曲线来解决我的问题。但结果并不令人满意。这是我的代码：

\documentclass[]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikz,fullpage}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}

\draw [thin] (0,-3) -- (0,2);
\draw [thin] (0,4) -- (0,5);
\draw [thin] (2,-3) -- (2,5);
\draw [thin,dashed] (1,-3) -- (1,5);

\draw (-6,-2) .. controls (-4,5) and (-1,3.8) .. (0,4);
\draw (-4,-2) .. controls (-2,3) and (-1,1.8) .. (0,2);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}

那么 TikZ 是否有一种解决方案，可以用一条曲线组合简单的两个点？

感谢您的帮助！

问候！

Answer 1

您还可以使用double以下行：

\documentclass[tikz, border=2mm]{standalone}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \draw[double =white,double distance=1cm,line width=1mm] (0,-4) -- (0,4) -- (0,0)
                                                            to[out=180, in=90, looseness=2] (-4,-4);
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \draw[double =black,double distance=1.1cm] (0,-4) -- (0,4) -- (0,0)
                                                            to[out=180, in=90, looseness=2] (-4,-4);
    \draw[white,line width=1mm, loosely dashed] (0,-4) -- (0,4) ;
    \draw[white,line width=1mm, loosely dashed] (-0.4,0) to[out=180, in=90, looseness=2] (-4,-4);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 2

您可以使用preaction在白线前画一条很粗的黑线，甚至可以将它与 结合使用，从外向内画出黑色、白色、黑色。这并不完美，因为你必须考虑绘制的顺序，但你可以通过和postaction使用图层来解决这个问题\pgfdeclarelayer{<name>}\pgfsetlayers{<layer list>}。

代码

\documentclass[tikz, border=2mm]{standalone}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \draw[preaction={draw, line width=1cm, black}, white, line width=1mm] (0,-4) -- (0,4);
    \draw[preaction={draw, line width=1cm, black}, white, line width=1mm] (-0.4,0) to[out=180, in=90, looseness=2] (-4,-4);
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{scope}
[   road/.style={
    preaction={draw, line width=10mm, black}, 
    white, line width=8mm, 
    postaction={draw, line width=1mm, black, loosely dashed}}   
]
    \draw[road] (0,-4) -- (0,4);
    \draw[road] (-0.4,0) to[out=180, in=90, looseness=2] (-4,-4);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

输出

Answer 3

这是我的最终结果：

\documentclass[class=minimal,border=0pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}

\draw[double=white,double distance=2cm,ultra thick] (0,-4) -- (0,4) -- (0,0) to[out=180, in=90, looseness=2] (-4,-4);
\draw[thick,dashed] (-1,0) to[out=180, in=90, looseness=2] (-4,-4);
\draw[thick,dashed] (0,-4) -- (0,4);
\node (CAR1) at (-3.5,-3.2) [rectangle,draw,thick,minimum width=0.5cm,minimum height=0.9cm] {};
\node (CAR2) at (-1.7,-0.5) [rectangle,draw,thick,minimum width=0.5cm,minimum height=0.9cm,rotate=90] {};

\node (T1) at (-3.5,-3.1) [regular polygon,regular polygon sides=3,fill=black,minimum height=0.4cm] {};
\node (T2) at (-1.5,-0.5) [regular polygon,regular polygon sides=3,fill=black,minimum height=0.4cm,rotate=30] {};

\draw[thick,blue] (-1,-0.5) to[out=180, in=90, looseness=2] (-3.5,-2.8);
\draw[thick,red] (-3.5,-2.8) -- (-2.1,-0.5);

\draw[thick,dotted] (-3.5,-2.8) -| (-2.1,-0.5);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

但是我怎样才能删除这些行（？）：