我正在尝试使用 pgfplots 绘制以下图表（标准大气）：
我目前拥有的是：
\documentclass[]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots,amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfplotsset{
every axis x label/.style={
at={(ticklabel* cs:1.05)},
yshift = -7.5pt,
anchor=west,},
width=14cm,
every axis y label/.style={at={(current axis.above origin)},
anchor=north east,
yshift = 1cm,} }
\begin{axis}[
scaled y ticks = false,
y tick label style={/pgf/number format/fixed,
/pgf/number format/1000 sep = \thinspace % Optional if you want to replace comma as the 1000 separator
},
xmin=0,xmax=1400,
xlabel={$p ~\text{[mbar]}$},
ylabel={$H ~\text{[m]}$},
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
ytick={0, 4000, 8000, 12000, 16000, 20000, 24000, 28000, 32000},
xtick={0,200,400,600,800,1000,1200,1400},
ymajorgrids=true, xmajorgrids=true,
axis y line*=left, axis x line*=bottom]
\addplot[color=red,smooth,thick] coordinates {
(1013.25, 0) (616.4,4000) (356.0,8000) (193.3,12000) (102.9,16000) (54.7,20000) (29.3,24000) (15.9,28000) (8.7,32000) };
\addplot[color=black, dashed,very thick] coordinates {(0,11000) (1400,11000)};
\addplot[color=black, dashed, very thick] coordinates {(0,20000) (1400,20000)};
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[
xmin=0,xmax=1.4,%--- CF
yshift=-0.8cm,%-- CF
xtick={0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.4},
hide y axis,
axis x line*=bottom,
x axis line style= { draw opacity=0 },
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
xlabel={$\rho ~[\text{kg}/ \text{m}^3]$} ]
\addplot[color=blue,yshift=0.8cm,smooth,thick] coordinates {
(1.225,0) (0.82,4000) (0.53,8000) (0.31,12000) (0.17,16000) (0.09,20000) (0.05,24000) (0.02,28000) (0.013,32000) };
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[
xmin=160,xmax=300,%--- CF
yshift=-1.6cm,%-- CF
xtick={160,180,200,220,240,260,280,300},
hide y axis,
axis x line*=bottom,
x axis line style= { draw opacity=0 },
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
xlabel={$T ~\text{[K]}$} ]
\addplot[color=black,yshift=1.6cm,thick] coordinates {
(288.150,0) (262.150,4000) (236.150,8000) (216.650,11000) (216.650,12000) (216.650,16000) (216.650,20000) (220.650,24000)(224.650,28000)(228.650,32000) };
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
我使用了类似问题的示例代码并做了一些调整。我设法将第二和第三 x 轴移向负 y 方向，这让我很满意。但是，我的结果也发生了变化。请注意，它们具有不同的缩放比例。
这个问题有解决办法吗？
编辑按照@jarauh 的解决方案：
\documentclass[]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots,amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfplotsset{
every axis x label/.style={
at={(ticklabel* cs:1.05)},
yshift = -7.5pt,
anchor=west,},
width=14cm,
every axis y label/.style={at={(current axis.above origin)},
anchor=north east,
yshift = 1cm,} }
\begin{axis}[
scaled y ticks = false,
y tick label style={/pgf/number format/fixed,
/pgf/number format/1000 sep = \thinspace % Optional if you want to replace comma as the 1000 separator
},
xmin=0,xmax=1400,
xlabel={$p ~\text{[mbar]}$},
ylabel={$H ~\text{[m]}$},
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
ytick={0, 4000, 8000, 12000, 16000, 20000, 24000, 28000, 32000},
xtick={0,200,400,600,800,1000,1200,1400},
ymajorgrids=true, xmajorgrids=true,
axis y line*=left, axis x line*=bottom]
\addplot[color=red,smooth,thick] coordinates {
(1013.25, 0) (616.4,4000) (356.0,8000) (193.3,12000) (102.9,16000) (54.7,20000) (29.3,24000) (15.9,28000) (8.7,32000) };
\addplot[color=black, dashed,very thick] coordinates {(0,11000) (1400,11000)};
\addplot[color=black, dashed, very thick] coordinates {(0,20000) (1400,20000)};
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[
xmin=0,xmax=1.4,%--- CF
% yshift=-0.8cm,%-- CF
xtick={0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.4},
hide y axis,
axis x line*=none,
% x axis line style= { draw opacity=0 },
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
xlabel={$\rho ~[\text{kg}/ \text{m}^3]$},
x label style={yshift=-0.8cm},
x tick label style={yshift=-0.8cm}
]
\addplot[color=blue,smooth,thick] coordinates {
(1.225,0) (0.82,4000) (0.53,8000) (0.31,12000) (0.17,16000) (0.09,20000) (0.05,24000) (0.02,28000) (0.013,32000) };
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[
xmin=160,xmax=300,%--- CF
% yshift=-1.6cm,%-- CF
xtick={160,180,200,220,240,260,280,300},
hide y axis,
axis x line*=none,
% x axis line style= { draw opacity=0 },
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
xlabel={$T ~\text{[K]}$},
x label style={yshift=-1.6cm},
x tick label style={yshift=-1.6cm}
]
\addplot[color=black,thick] coordinates {
(288.150,0) (262.150,4000) (236.150,8000) (216.650,11000) (216.650,12000) (216.650,16000) (216.650,20000) (220.650,24000)(224.650,28000)(228.650,32000) };
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
您不应该移动整个环境axis，而应该只移动 x 轴标签本身：
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfplotsset{
every axis x label/.style={
at={(ticklabel* cs:1.05)},
yshift = -7.5pt,
anchor=west,},
width=14cm,
every axis y label/.style={at={(current axis.above origin)},
anchor=north east,
yshift = 1cm,} }
\begin{axis}[
scaled y ticks = false,
y tick label style={/pgf/number format/fixed,
/pgf/number format/1000 sep = \thinspace % Optional if you want to replace comma as the 1000 separator
},
xmin=0,xmax=1400,
xlabel={$p ~\text{[mbar]}$},
ylabel={$H ~\text{[m]}$},
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
ytick={0, 4000, 8000, 12000, 16000, 20000, 24000, 28000, 32000},
xtick={0,200,400,600,800,1000,1200,1400},
ymajorgrids=true, xmajorgrids=true,
axis y line*=left, axis x line*=bottom]
\addplot[color=red,smooth,thick] coordinates {
(1013.25, 0) (616.4,4000) (356.0,8000) (193.3,12000) (102.9,16000) (54.7,20000) (29.3,24000) (15.9,28000) (8.7,32000) };
\addplot[color=black, dashed,very thick] coordinates {(0,11000) (1400,11000)};
\addplot[color=black, dashed, very thick] coordinates {(0,20000) (1400,20000)};
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[
xmin=0,xmax=1.4,%--- CF
xtick={0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.4},
hide y axis,
axis x line*=none,
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
xlabel={$\rho ~[\text{kg}/ \text{m}^3]$},
x label style={yshift=-0.8cm},
x tick label style={yshift=-0.8cm}
]
\addplot[color=blue,smooth,thick] coordinates {
(1.225,0) (0.82,4000) (0.53,8000) (0.31,12000) (0.17,16000) (0.09,20000) (0.05,24000) (0.02,28000) (0.013,32000) };
\end{axis}
\begin{axis}[
xmin=160,xmax=300,%--- CF
xtick={160,180,200,220,240,260,280,300},
hide y axis,
axis x line*=none,
ymin=0, ymax=32000,
xlabel={$T ~\text{[K]}$},
x label style={yshift=-1.6cm},
x tick label style={yshift=-1.6cm}
]
\addplot[color=black,thick] coordinates {
(288.150,0) (262.150,4000) (236.150,8000) (216.650,11000) (216.650,12000) (216.650,16000) (216.650,20000) (220.650,24000)(224.650,28000)(228.650,32000) };
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
请注意，您必须将刻度标签 ( x tick label style) 以及 x 轴标签 ( x label style) 移动相同的量。
