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如何使用 xorg.conf.d 替换键盘和鼠标 udev 规则？

tag-icon • tag-icon xorg keyboard-layout mouse xkb xcape
如何使用 xorg.conf.d 替换键盘和鼠标 udev 规则？

既然不可能制造影响启动时运行的 Xorg 设置的 udev 规则，我想用其他替代品替换它们。目前，我编写了两个主要的 udev 脚本。第一个在插入或移除键盘以及启动时更改键盘布局xcape。当插入特定鼠标时，第二个会减慢指针速度，并且还允许来自鼠标的输入唤醒计算机。

我正在使用 (K)ubuntu 13.04。 udev 规则和脚本如下，xmodmap 也是如此。

/etc/udev/rules.d/00-teck.rules:

ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0e6a", ATTR{idProduct}=="030c", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/TECK_connect"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", RUN+="/usr/local/bin/TECK_disconnect"

/usr/local/bin/TECK_connect:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

export DISPLAY=:0.0
cp -f /home/sparhawk/HDD/Computer/Xmodmaps/Xmodmap_for_TECK /home/sparhawk/.Xmodmap
sudo -u sparhawk setxkbmap -layout us -variant altgr-intl
sudo -u sparhawk xmodmap /home/sparhawk/.Xmodmap
sudo -u sparhawk pkill xcape
sudo -u sparhawk xcape -e 'Alt_L=Return' && sudo -u sparhawk notify-send "xmodmap" "TECK connected." -i /usr/share/icons/oxygen/48x48/devices/input-keyboard.png --hint=int:transient:1

/usr/local/bin/TECK_disconnect:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
if [[ `lsusb | egrep -c 'Apple, Inc\. Aluminum Keyboard'` == 0 ]] && [[ `lsusb | egrep -c 'Megawin Technology Co\., Ltd'` == 0 ]]; then
  export DISPLAY=:0.0
  cp -f /home/sparhawk/HDD/Computer/Xmodmaps/Xmodmap_for_internal_Dell_keyboard /home/sparhawk/.Xmodmap
  sudo -u sparhawk setxkbmap -layout us -variant altgr-intl
  sudo -u sparhawk xmodmap /home/sparhawk/.Xmodmap
  sudo -u sparhawk pkill xcape
fi

/etc/udev/rules.d/90-razerwakeup-slowdown.rules:

ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1532", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0016" RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo $env{DEVPATH} | grep -q usb./[^/]*/[^/]*/[^/]*$ && echo enabled > /sys$env{DEVPATH}/../power/wakeup; razer_slowdown'"

/usr/local/bin/razer_slowdown:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
# slow down the tracking speed of a razer mouse.
# to check, $ xinput --list-props "Razer Razer DeathAdder"| grep 'Constant Deceleration'
# which was originally 1

scriptproper () {
        sleep 0.5 # perhaps not necessary, but putting it in background is.
        export DISPLAY=:0.0
        sudo -u sparhawk xinput --set-prop "Razer Razer DeathAdder" "Device Accel Constant Deceleration" 3
}

scriptproper &

~/HDD/Computer/Xmodmaps/Xmodmap_for_TECK:

! map right blank key to "menu" for KDE.
keycode 97 = Menu Menu
! Swap left ctrl and shift
keycode 50 = Control_L Control_L
keycode 37 = Shift_L Shift_L
! Replace right ctrl with shift
keycode 105 = Shift_R Shift_R
! Replace right shift, '
keycode 62 = apostrophe quotedbl
keycode 48 = slash question
! Enter to alt
keycode 36 = Alt_L Meta_L
! AltGr to Compose
!keycode 108 = Multi_key
! AltGr+key
keycode 20 = minus underscore minus underscore endash emdash
keycode 60 = period greater period greater ellipsis
! Left blank key to AltGr
keycode 101 = ISO_Level3_Shift Multi_key ISO_Level3_Shift
! key to the left of `
keycode 94 = Return NoSymbol Return
! Fn+F5 and Fn+F6 control brightness
keycode 148 = XF86MonBrightnessDown NoSymbol XF86MonBrightnessDown
keycode 179 = XF86MonBrightnessUp NoSymbol XF86MonBrightnessUp

clear Shift
clear Lock
clear Control
clear Mod1
clear Mod2
clear Mod3
clear Mod4
clear Mod5
add    Shift   = Shift_L Shift_R
add    Lock    = Caps_Lock
add    Control = Control_L Control_R
add    Mod1    = Alt_L
add    Mod2    = Num_Lock
add    Mod4    = Super_L Super_R
add    Mod5    = Mode_switch ISO_Level3_Shift ISO_Level3_Shift ISO_Level3_Shift

~/HDD/Computer/Xmodmaps/Xmodmap_for_internal_Dell_keyboard:

! map right alt to ISO_Level3_Shift (e.g. for compose)
keycode 108 =   ISO_Level3_Shift Multi_key
! Swap left ctrl and caps lock
keycode 66 =    Control_L
keycode 37 =    Caps_Lock

! AltGr+key
keycode 20 = minus underscore minus underscore endash emdash
keycode 60 = period greater period greater ellipsis

keycode 105 =   Control_R       Multi_key
clear Shift
clear Lock
clear Control
clear Mod1
clear Mod2
clear Mod3
clear Mod4
clear Mod5
add    Shift   = Shift_L Shift_R
add    Lock    = Caps_Lock
add    Control = Control_L Control_R
add    Mod1    = Alt_L
add    Mod2    = Num_Lock
add    Mod4    = Super_L Super_R
add    Mod5    = Mode_switch ISO_Level3_Shift ISO_Level3_Shift ISO_Level3_Shift

答案1

为了替换 xcape，我安装了在家修饰符，它做了类似的事情，但是是在根级别。它具有由 xorg 规则配置的额外优势，允许它仅在特定键盘上运行。

因此，/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/11-TECK-keymap.conf包含

Section "InputClass"
  Identifier "TECK"
  Driver "evdev"
  Option "XKBOptions" "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp" # and so on

  # If you save this file under xorg.conf.d/ :
  Option "AutoServerLayout" "on"

  MatchIsKeyboard "on"
  MatchProduct "TrulyErgonomic.com Truly Ergonomic Computer Keyboard"

  ### at-home-modifier options begin here.
  # The basic option.
  Option "XkbLayout" "us"
  Option "XkbVariant" "altgr-intl"
  Option "XKbOptions" "lv3:ralt_switch_multikey,numpad:pc"
  Option "TransMod" "36:64" # Defines key/modifier pairs. Use xev. e.g. Enter (real key):Alt (virtual key).
EndSection

对于键盘映射，我使用了 TECK 新发布的软件重新配置固件（尽管我可以修改/usr/share/X11/xkb/keycodes/evdev）。对于AltGr按键，我直接修改了/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/us，替换了该xkb_symbols "intl" {部分中的条目

我更换了

key <AE11> { [ minus, underscore, yen, dead_belowdot ] };

和

key <AE11> { [ minus, underscore, endash, emdash ] };

和

key <AB09> { [ period, greater, dead_abovedot, dead_caron ] };

和

key <AB09> { [ period, greater, ellipsis, dead_caron ] };

/var/lib/xkb/*.xkm然后我删除了缓存的 xkb 配置这个答案，并重新启动。

我仍然不知道如何让 Fn+F5 和 Fn+F6 控制亮度（XF86MonBrightnessDown和XF86MonBrightnessUp）

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