答案1
\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[draw=blue!70,thick]
\filldraw[fill=blue!40] circle (2.5cm);
\filldraw[fill=white]
(320:2.5cm) node[right] {Q}
-- (220:2.5cm) node[left] {P}
arc[start angle=220, end angle=320, radius=2.5cm]
-- cycle;
\node {Major Segment};
\node at (-90:2) {Minor Segment};
\begin{scope}[xshift=6cm]
\draw circle (2.5cm);
\filldraw[fill=blue!40]
(320:2.5cm) node[right] {Q}
-- (0,0) node[above] {O}
-- (220:2.5cm) node[left] {P}
arc[start angle=220, end angle=320, radius=2.5cm]
-- cycle;
\node at (90:1cm) {Major Sector};
\node at (-90:1.5) {Minor Sector};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
一种方法是使用 MetaPost,可能会有人感兴趣。使用 LuaLaTeX 运行。
\documentclass[border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{luamplib}
\mplibtextextlabel{enable}
\everymplib{verbatimtex \leavevmode etex;
u = 2.5cm;
path circle; circle = fullcircle scaled 2u;
pair P, Q; P = u*dir 220; Q = u*dir 320;
beginfig(0);}
\everyendmplib{
draw circle;
label.llft("$P$", P);
label.lrt("$Q$", Q);
endfig;}
\begin{document}
\begin{mplibcode}
fill buildcycle(P--Q, circle rotated -90) withcolor 0.20[white,blue];
draw P--Q;
label("Major Segment", origin);
label.bot("Minor Segment", .5[P,Q]);
\end{mplibcode}
\qquad
\begin{mplibcode}
fill buildcycle(Q--origin--P, circle) withcolor 0.20[white,blue];
draw P--origin--Q;
label.top("$O$", origin);
label.top("Minor sector", .5[P,Q]);
label("Major sector", (0, .5u));
\end{mplibcode}
\end{document}