变换形状不起作用 - TikZ

变换形状不起作用 - TikZ

我正在尝试缩放整个图片,但没有成功。

\begin{tikzpicture} [scale=0.5, every node/.style={transform shape}]

\tikzstyle{startstop}   = [ellipse,   draw=orange, thick, fill=orange!20, text width=5em, minimum height=4em, text centered, dashed]
\tikzstyle{block}       = [rectangle, draw=blue,   thick, fill=blue!20,   text width=8em, minimum height=4em, shape aspect=2, text centered, rounded corners]

    % Define nodes in a matrix
    \matrix [column sep=10mm, row sep=7mm]
            {
                \node   [startstop]     (Signal)        {Trama de la señal};
                &\node  [block]         (DFT)           {Transformada Discreta de Fourier};
                &\node  [block]         (Module)        {Módulo};
                &\node  [block]         (MelFilt)       {Filtros Mel}; \\
                \node   [startstop]     (MFCC)          {MFCC};
                &\node  [block]         (Lifter)        {Lifter};
                &\node  [block]         (IDCT)          {Transformada Discreta Inversa de Coseno};
                &\node  [block]         (Log)           {Logaritmo}; \\
            };

    \node [draw, scale=1, rectangle, dashed, thick, fit=(DFT) (Module) (Log) (Lifter) (IDCT)] {};

    % connect all nodes DFT above
    \begin{scope} [every path/.style={line, line width=1.3pt}  ]

        %Down Lines 
        \path (Signal)  --  (DFT);
        \path (DFT)     --  (Module);
        \path (Module)  --  (MelFilt);
        \path (MelFilt.south)   --  (Log.north);
        \path (Log)     --  (IDCT);
        \path (IDCT)    --  (Lifter);
        \path (Lifter)  --  (MFCC);

    \end{scope}

\end{tikzpicture}

当我更换变换形状为了比例=0.5,拟合失败。

答案1

我认为问题出在矩阵上。当我切换到常规节点时,它就开始工作得更好了。我也不认为矩阵在这里是合适的工具,因为它的工作方式有点不同。或者,我建议使用库,chains它也会摆脱下面多余的行命令。最后,您可以删除库fit并使用calc在节点周围绘制一个合适的矩形(顺便说一下,您只需要两个就可以拟合它们)。

当然,现在它的扩展性更好了!

输出

在此处输入图片描述

代码

\documentclass[margin=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}

\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, chains, calc}

\tikzset{
    startstop/.style={ellipse,   draw=orange, thick, fill=orange!20, text width=5em, minimum height=4em, text centered, dashed},
    block/.style={rectangle, draw=blue,   thick, fill=blue!20,   text width=8em, minimum height=4em, shape aspect=2, text centered, rounded corners},
    links/.style={line width=1.3pt}
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=.5,transform shape,
    start chain=going right, node distance=1cm, auto,
    every join={line width=1.3pt},
    every node/.style={on chain, join}
    ]

% Define nodes in a matrix
\node[startstop] (Signal)  {Trama de la señal};
\node[block]     (DFT)     {Transformada Discreta de Fourier};
\node[block]     (Module)  {Módulo};
\node[block]     (MelFilt) {Filtros Mel};
\node[continue chain=going below,block] (Log) {Logaritmo};
\node[continue chain=going left, block] (IDCT) {Transformada Discreta Inversa de Coseno};
\node[continue chain=going left, block]     (Lifter)  {Lifter};
\node[continue chain=going left, startstop] (MFCC)    {MFCC};

% connect all nodes DFT above
\draw[dashed, thick, rounded corners] ($(Lifter.south west)+(-.2,-.2)$) rectangle ($(MelFilt.north east)+(.2,.2)$);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案2

来自 TikZ 手册:

可以变换节点,但默认情况下,变换不适用于节点。原因是,即使主图形变换,您通常也不希望文本缩放或旋转。缩放文本是邪恶的,旋转则没那么邪恶。但是,有时您确实希望变换节点,例如,有时将节点旋转 90 度肯定是有意义的。有两种方法可以实现这一点:

  1. 您可以使用以下选项:

    /tikz/transform 形状(无值)

使当前的“外部”变换矩阵应用于形状。例如,如果您说 \tikz[scale=3],然后说 node[transform shape] {X},您将在图形中得到一个“巨大的”X。

  1. 您可以在节点的选项列表中提供转换选项。这些转换始终适用于节点。

因此,如果可能的话,请避免扩展!如果您仍然坚持,请按照以下方式将其作为您的 MWe:

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{tikz}
    \usetikzlibrary{fit,matrix,shapes.geometric}

    \begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture} [
 every node/.style = {scale=0.5, transform shape, % <-----
                      align=center, minimum height=4em},
  startstop/.style = {ellipse, draw=orange, thick, dashed, 
                      fill=orange!20, text width=5em},
      block/.style = {rectangle, draw=blue, thick, rounded corners, 
                      fill=blue!20, text width=8em}
                    ]
% Define nodes in a matrix
\matrix [column sep=10mm, row sep=7mm]
{
\node[startstop]    (Signal)   {Trama de la señal};
    &   \node  [block]         (DFT)           {Transformada Discreta de Fourier};
    &   \node  [block]         (Module)        {Módulo};
    &   \node  [block]         (MelFilt)       {Filtros Mel}; \\
\node  [startstop]  (MFCC)     {MFCC};
    &   \node  [block]         (Lifter)        {Lifter};
    &   \node  [block]         (IDCT)          {Transformada Discreta Inversa de Coseno};
    &   \node  [block]         (Log)           {Logaritmo}; \\
            };
\node[draw, dashed, thick, 
      scale=2, % <-----
      fit=(DFT) (Log)] {};
% connect all nodes DFT above
\draw[line width=1.3pt,->] 
    (Signal)  edge  (DFT)
    (DFT)     edge  (Module)
    (Module)  edge  (MelFilt)
    (MelFilt) edge  (Log)
    (Log)     edge  (IDCT)
    (IDCT)    edge  (Lifter)
    (Lifter)  edge  (MFCC);
\end{tikzpicture}
    \end{document}

代码中的主要更改以 表示<---。其他更改仅略微优化了代码并(根据我的喜好)改善了外观。当然,无需缩放即可获得更好的外观。

如您所见,蓝色节点所在的节点将使用节点缩放的逆值重新缩放。这是必要的,因为对于拟合节点来说,它不必缩放。

结果是:

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

目前还不清楚您是否还想缩放文本。但这里有很多关于这个主题的帖子。对于您的示例,transform canvas={scale=.5}应该可以。这是您想要的吗?

请注意,我必须line从您的中删除该样式scope,因为我不知道它来自哪里。

% arara: pdflatex

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[spanish]{babel}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes, fit}    

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[%
    ,transform canvas={scale=.5}
    ,startstop/.style={%
        ,ellipse
        ,draw=orange
        ,thick
        ,fill=orange!20
        ,text width=5em
        ,minimum height=4em
        ,text centered
        ,dashed
        }
    ,block/.style={%
        ,rectangle
        ,draw=blue
        ,thick
        ,fill=blue!20
        ,text width=8em
        ,minimum height=4em
        ,shape aspect=2
        ,text centered
        ,rounded corners
        }
    ]
% Define nodes in a matrix
\matrix[column sep=10mm, row sep=7mm]
    {%
    \node   [startstop]     (Signal)        {Trama de la señal};
    &\node  [block]         (DFT)           {Transformada Discreta de Fourier};
    &\node  [block]         (Module)        {Módulo};
    &\node  [block]         (MelFilt)       {Filtros Mel}; \\
    \node   [startstop]     (MFCC)          {MFCC};
    &\node  [block]         (Lifter)        {Lifter};
    &\node  [block]         (IDCT)          {Transformada Discreta Inversa de Coseno};
    &\node  [block]         (Log)           {Logaritmo}; \\
    };
\node[draw, rectangle, dashed, thick, fit=(DFT) (Module) (Log) (Lifter) (IDCT)] {};
% connect all nodes DFT above
\begin{scope}[every path/.style={draw,line width=1.3pt}]
\path (Signal)  --  (DFT);
\path (DFT)     --  (Module);
\path (Module)  --  (MelFilt);
\path (MelFilt.south)   --  (Log.north);
\path (Log)     --  (IDCT);
\path (IDCT)    --  (Lifter);
\path (Lifter)  --  (MFCC);
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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