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轻松编写 TIKZ 流程图

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轻松编写 TIKZ 流程图

我创建了一个 npm 包，以便轻松编写 TIKZ 流程图。Flowtex 有助于流程图的维护。例如插入新节点或将节点定位为其他节点的功能。我希望它对你和我一样有用。

https://www.npmjs.com/package/flowtex

使用 github 上的 flowtex.sty基于使用 TikZ 创建流程图

教程和文档

流程图 流程图

Flowtex 代码

flowchart.offsetX("3");
  N('Start').belowGoto(
    P('k <- 0').belowGoto(
      loop = IO('Loop ?').belowGoto(
        D('Yes or No ?').offsetY(-1) // use offsetY with D
         .rightGoto(kp1 = P('k <- k + 1')).topLabel('yes')
         .belowGoto( // use offsetY for this node because is immediatly below of D
          P('Print k').offsetY(-1).belowGoto(
            P('Stop')
          ).leftLabel('exit')
        ).leftLabel('no')
      ).leftLabel('Looping')
    ).leftLabel('Start loop')
  ).leftLabel('Init');
  kp1.goto(loop).brokenArrow();

使用 TIKZ 的 LaTeX 代码

\begin{center}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2cm]
    \node (node0) [startstop] {Start};
    \node (node1) [process, below of=node0] {k $\leftarrow$ 0};
    \node (node2) [io, below of=node1] {Loop ?};
    \node (node3) [decision, below of=node2, yshift=-1cm] {Yes or No ?};
    \node (node4) [process, right of=node3, xshift=3cm] {k $\leftarrow$ k + 1};
    \node (node5) [process, below of=node3, yshift=-1cm] {Print k};
    \node (node6) [process, below of=node5] {Stop};
    \draw [arrow] (node3) --node[anchor=south] {yes} (node4);
    \draw [arrow] (node3) --node[anchor=east] {no} (node5);
    \draw [arrow] (node5) --node[anchor=east] {exit} (node6);
    \draw [arrow] (node2) --node[anchor=east] {Looping} (node3);
    \draw [arrow] (node1) --node[anchor=east] {Start loop} (node2);
    \draw [arrow] (node0) --node[anchor=east] {Init} (node1);
    \draw [arrow] (node4) |- (node2);
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

目前我使用 \input 插入生成的 LaTeX 代码。但是，我想创建一个这样的 LaTeX 命令：

\begin{flowtex}
Here, the Flowtex code.
\end{flowtex}

你知道该怎么办吗？

答案1

@A.Ellet 答案的替代方案（均考虑您的问题的第一个版本）：

 \documentclass[border=3mm,
                tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                calc, chains,
                quotes,
                positioning,
                shapes.geometric}

\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[
    node distance = 8mm and 16mm,
      start chain = A going below,
      base/.style = {draw, minimum width=32mm, minimum height=8mm,
                     align=center, on chain=A},
 startstop/.style = {base, rounded corners, fill=red!30},
   process/.style = {base, fill=orange!30},
        io/.style = {base, trapezium, 
                     trapezium left angle=70, trapezium right angle=110,
                     fill=blue!30},
  decision/.style = {base, diamond, fill=green!30},
  every edge quotes/.style = {auto=right}]
                    ]
\node [startstop]       {Start};            % <-- A-1
\node [process]         {k $\gets$ 0};
\node [io]              {Loop ?};
\node [decision]        {Yes or No ?};
\node [process]         {Print k};
\node [process]         {Stop};             % <-- A-6
%
\node [process,                             % <-- A-7
       right=of A-4]    {k $\gets$ k + 1};
%%
\draw [arrows=-Stealth] 
    (A-1) edge["init"]          (A-2)
    (A-2) edge["start stop"]    (A-3)
    (A-3) edge["looping"]       (A-4)
    (A-4) edge["no"]            (A-5)
    (A-5) edge["exit"]          (A-6)
    (A-4) edge["yes"']          (A-7)       % <-- by ' is swapped label position
    (A-7) |- ($(A-2.south east)!0.5!(A-3.north east)$)
          -| ([xshift=7mm] A-3.north);
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

通过比较两种解决方案，您可以观察到以下主要区别：

  • 主分支中的节点被设置为链（这大大简化了代码）
  • 对于节点名称使用由链定义的名称
  • 对于节点的公共参数定义了新样式名为 base
  • 用于绘制节点之间的边的quotes包用于通过其语法编写边标签，从而显著缩短所需代码。

上述 MWE（最小工作示例）的编译产生了类似的图片，如@A.Ellett 回答中所示，但有重要区别：反馈边缘绘制得更正确（根据我的观点）。

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

你的 MWE 中缺少了很多内容：你使用了哪些库等等。不过，我在这里并没有真正做任何事情。我复制了你的代码，然后剽窃了其余部分此网页。

除了颜色之外，下面的代码应该可以实现您想要的功能。

\documentclass[border=4pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\begin{document}

  \begin{tikzpicture}[
    node distance=2cm,
    startstop/.style={rectangle, rounded corners, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm,text centered, draw=black, fill=red!30},
    process/.style={rectangle, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=orange!30},
    io/.style={trapezium, trapezium left angle=70, trapezium right angle=110, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=blue!30},
    decision/.style={diamond, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=green!30},
    ]

    \node (node0) [startstop]                             {Start};
    \node (node1) [process, below of=node0]               {k $\leftarrow$ 0};
    \node (node2) [io, below of=node1]                    {Loop ?};     
    \node (node3) [decision, below of=node2, yshift=-1cm] {Yes or No ?};
    \node (node4) [process, right of=node3, xshift=3cm]   {k $\leftarrow$ k + 1};
    \node (node5) [process, below of=node3, yshift=-1cm]  {Print k};
    \node (node6) [process, below of=node5]               {Stop};

    \draw [arrows=-Stealth] (node3) --node[anchor=south]            {yes}        (node4);
    \draw [arrows=-Stealth] (node3) --node[anchor=east]             {no}         (node5);
    \draw [arrows=-Stealth] (node5) --node[anchor=east]             {exit}       (node6);
    \draw [arrows=-Stealth] (node2) --node[anchor=east]             {Looping}    (node3);
    \draw [arrows=-Stealth] (node1) --node[anchor=east]             {Start loop} (node2);
    \draw [arrows=-Stealth] (node0) --node[anchor=east]             {Init}       (node1);
    \draw [arrows=-Stealth] (node4) -- (node2);

  \end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

我会让你自己调整其余部分以获得你想要的颜色（毕竟我是色盲）。

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