Tikz-整个自动机的过渡

Question

我在 Tikz 中有以下自动机：

是否有可能实现与此类似的转变？

这是我的代码：

\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth,node distance=2.7cm,auto]
    \node[state,initial,accepting]  (I)                      {$I$};
    \node[state]                    (p) [above right of = I] {$p$};
    \node[state]                    (q) [right of = p]       {$q$};
    \node[state]                    (r) [below right of = I] {$r$};
    \node[state,accepting]          (F) [below right of = q] {$F$};

    \path[->]
        (I) edge                    node {a}     (p)
            edge                    node {b}     (r)
        (p) edge                    node {b}     (q)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {abc}   (F)
        (q) edge [bend left]        node {aabc}  (F)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {c}     (F)
        (r) edge                    node {aabc}  (F)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {c}     (F);   
\end{tikzpicture}

Answer 1

像这样：

这很简单。自动机中的节点与 tikzpictures 中的其他节点一样，因此您可以根据需要在它们之间画线。在本例中借助 帮助|-，yshift以及-|节点 I、r 和 F 之间：

\documentclass[border=3mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{automata}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth,node distance=2.7cm,auto]
    \node[state,initial,accepting]  (I)                      {$I$};
    \node[state]                    (p) [above right of = I] {$p$};
    \node[state]                    (q) [right of = p]       {$q$};
    \node[state]                    (r) [below right of = I] {$r$};
    \node[state,accepting]          (F) [below right of = q] {$F$};

    \path[->]
        (I) edge                    node {a} (p)
            edge                    node {b}     (r)
        (p) edge                    node {b}     (q)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {abc}   (F)
        (q) edge [bend left]        node {aabc}  (F)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {c}     (F)
        (r) edge                    node {aabc}  (F)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {c}     (F);
\draw[red,thick,->] (I) |- ([yshift=-5mm] r.south) -| (F);% <-- added
\end{tikzpicture}
    \end{document}

Answer 2

Zarko 的解决方案很好，但我预先设计了一个可以自动计算正确位置的解决方案，这个解决方案使用 fit 库

\documentclass[border=3mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{automata}

\usetikzlibrary{fit}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth,node distance=2.7cm,auto]
    \node[state,initial,accepting]  (I)                      {$I$};
    \node[state]                    (p) [above right of = I] {$p$};
    \node[state]                    (q) [right of = p]       {$q$};
    \node[state]                    (r) [below right of = I] {$r$};
    \node[state,accepting]          (F) [below right of = q] {$F$};

    \path[->]
        (I) edge                    node {a} (p)
            edge                    node {b}     (r)
        (p) edge                    node {b}     (q)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {abc}   (F)
        (q) edge [bend left]        node {aabc}  (F)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {c}     (F)
        (r) edge                    node {aabc}  (F)
            edge [swap, bend right] node {c}     (F);


\node[fit=(p) (r) (q) (F) (I)](all){};
\draw[red] (F) |-(all.south) -| (I);
\end{tikzpicture}
    \end{document}