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如何水平延长立方体？

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如何水平延长立方体？

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[tikz, border=1cm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cubex}{2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cubey}{2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cubez}{2}
\draw[red] (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle ;
\draw[red] (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle;
\draw[red] (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) node {x};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

我正在尝试延长上述立方体的宽度。但是当我在代码中更改 3 元组中的某些组件时，立方体会变形。我应该怎么做才能水平延长立方体？

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[tikz, border=1cm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cubex}{2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cubey}{2}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\cubez}{2}
\draw[red] (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,2,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,2,0) -- cycle ;
\draw[red] (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle;
\draw[red] (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,2,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,2,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) node {x};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案1

您可以简单地更改相关内容\pgfmathsetmacro，但如果只更改一个，它就不会是立方体。

我还会添加line join=round一些平滑的立方体角，因为它们看起来有些参差不齐。 加倍\cubex并改变连接会产生以下结果：

双x

\documentclass[tikz, border=10pt]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[line join=round, draw=red]
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubex}{4}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubey}{2}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubez}{2}
  \draw (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle
   (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle
   (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
  \draw (0,0,0) node {x};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

为了进一步演示，以下是以下设置的结果

  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubex}{4}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubey}{1}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubez}{3}

改变所有维度

本质上，这\pgfmathsetmacro是为您提供一种沿相关轴改变每个长方体尺寸的方法。

如果这不直观，您可以定义一个键值接口来设置长方体的宽度、高度和深度。

\tikzset{%
  cuboid/.code={%
    \tikzset{%
      cuboid dims/.cd,
      #1
    }
  },
  cuboid dims/.search also={/tikz},
  cuboid dims/.cd,
  width/.store in=\cubex,
  height/.store in=\cubey,
  depth/.store in=\cubez,
  width=1,
  height=1,
  depth=1,
}
\begin{tikzpicture}[ draw=red, cuboid={width=5, height=2, depth=2}]
  \draw (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
\end{tikzpicture}

键值方法

或者用蓝色阴影

阴影长方体

\documentclass[tikz, border=10pt,multi]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[line join=round, draw=red]
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubex}{4}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubey}{2}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubez}{2}
  \draw (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle
   (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle
   (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
  \draw (0,0,0) node {x};
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[line join=round, draw=red]
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubex}{4}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubey}{1}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubez}{3}
  \draw (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle
   (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle
   (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
  \draw (0,0,0) node {x};
\end{tikzpicture}
\tikzset{%
  cuboid/.code={%
    \tikzset{%
      cuboid dims/.cd,
      #1
    }
  },
  cuboid dims/.search also={/tikz},
  cuboid dims/.cd,
  width/.store in=\cubex,
  height/.store in=\cubey,
  depth/.store in=\cubez,
  width=1,
  height=1,
  depth=1,
}
\begin{tikzpicture}[draw=red, cuboid={width=5, height=2, depth=2}]
  \draw (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[draw=blue, thick, line join=round, cuboid={width=5, height=2, depth=2}]
  \draw [top color=white, bottom color=blue, fill opacity=.5, shading angle=-45] (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
  \draw [top color=white, bottom color=blue, fill opacity=.5, shading angle=45] (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle ;
  \draw [top color=white, bottom color=blue, fill opacity=.5, shading angle=-135] (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
  \draw (0,0,0) node {x};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案2

像这样 ：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubex}{2}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubey}{2}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubez}{2}
  \draw[red] (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle ;
  \draw[red] (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle;
  \draw[red] (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
  \draw (0,0,0) node {x};
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=3]
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubex}{2}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubey}{2}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\cubez}{2}
  \draw[red] (0,0,0)-- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle ;
  \draw[red] (0,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(0,-\cubey,0) -- ++(0,0,\cubez) -- cycle;
  \draw[red] (0,0,0) -- ++(-\cubex,0,0) -- ++(0,0,-\cubez) -- ++(\cubex,0,0) -- cycle;
\draw (0,0,0) node {x};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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