我目前正在使用 pgfplots smith 图
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{amsmath} % Required for \varPsi below
\usepackage{steinmetz}
\usepgfplotslibrary{smithchart}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{smithchart}[
title=Smith Chart Stub Matching,
show origin,
width=20cm,
]
\end{smithchart}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
不幸的是，该图似乎没有显示外部的波长/度数测量值，如该图所示。我检查了手册（第 5.11 节），而且它似乎不支持此功能。手动添加会很难吗？这有点超出了我在 pgfplots 或 tikz 方面的技能水平。
无论如何，我确信这也是一个其他人都会受益的附加功能。
谢谢。
答案1
多个axis环境叠加在一起可以实现您想要的外观。我选择“外”轴为polaraxis，这样外圆上的间距就是规则的。有一个带有度数的圆，还有两个波长部分的圆（在两个方向上，朝向发电机和朝向负载）。对于极化轴，选项xtick={...}需要绘制图或ymax设置选项，以防您对此选项感到疑惑。波长轴上还有小刻度，步长为 0.005λ。
带有叠加轴的代码，仍然对某些标签和距离等进行硬编码：
\documentclass[a3,convert]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{smithchart}
\usepgfplotslibrary{polar}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.13}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\xoffset}{10.45*(1-cos(3))-1.25}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yoffset}{sin(3)*10.45+9.2}
\draw[,thick,->] (+\xoffset,\yoffset) arc [radius=10.45cm,start angle=177,end angle=166];
\pgfmathsetmacro{\xoffset}{10.45*(1-cos(18))-1.25}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yoffset}{sin(18)*10.45+9.2}
\draw[,draw=none] (+\xoffset,\yoffset) arc [radius=10.45cm,start angle=162,end angle=144] node[midway,sloped]{towards};
\pgfmathsetmacro{\xoffset}{10.45*(1-cos(36))-1.25}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yoffset}{sin(36)*10.45+9.2}
\draw[,draw=none] (+\xoffset,\yoffset) arc [radius=10.45cm,start angle=144,end angle=126] node[midway,sloped]{generator};
\pgfmathsetmacro{\xoffset}{9.95*(1-cos(-3))-0.75}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yoffset}{sin(-3)*9.95+9.2}
\draw[,thick,->] (\xoffset,\yoffset) arc [radius=9.95cm,start angle=183,end angle=193] ;
\pgfmathsetmacro{\xoffset}{9.95*(1-cos(-18))-0.75}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yoffset}{sin(-18)*9.95+9.2}
\draw[,draw=none] (+\xoffset,\yoffset) arc [radius=10.45cm,start angle=198,end angle=216] node[midway,sloped]{towards};
\pgfmathsetmacro{\xoffset}{9.95*(1-cos(-36))-0.75}
\pgfmathsetmacro{\yoffset}{sin(-36)*9.95+9.2}
\draw[,draw=none] (+\xoffset,\yoffset) arc [radius=10.45cm,start angle=216,end angle=234] node[midway,sloped]{load};
\begin{polaraxis}[
rotate=180,
width=23cm,
xshift=1.5cm,
yshift=1.5cm,
%xticklabels={$0\lambda$,$0.05\lambda$,$0.1\lambda$,$0.15\lambda$,$0.2\lambda$,$0.25\lambda$},
xticklabel style={
sloped like x axis={%
execute for upside down={\tikzset{anchor=south}},
reset nontranslations=false
},
anchor=north,
},
xticklabel={\small\pgfmathparse{0.5-\tick/720}\pgfmathprintnumber[fixed,precision=3]{\pgfmathresult}$\lambda$},
xtick align=center,
xtick={0,18,...,360},
grid=none,
axis y line = none,
minor x tick num={4},
ymax=1,
]
\end{polaraxis}
\begin{polaraxis}[
rotate=180,
width=22cm,
xshift=1cm,
yshift=1cm,
%xticklabels={$0\lambda$,$0.05\lambda$,$0.1\lambda$,$0.15\lambda$,$0.2\lambda$,$0.25\lambda$},
xticklabel style={
sloped like x axis={%
execute for upside down={\tikzset{anchor=south}},
reset nontranslations=false
},
anchor=north,
},
xticklabel={\small\pgfmathparse{\tick/720}\pgfmathprintnumber[fixed,precision=3]{\pgfmathresult}$\lambda$},
xtick align=center,
xtick={0,18,...,360},
grid=none,
axis y line = none,
minor x tick num={4},
ymax=1,
]
\end{polaraxis}
\begin{polaraxis}[
width=21cm,
xshift=-0.5cm,
yshift=-0.5cm,
%xticklabels={$0\lambda$,$0.05\lambda$,$0.1\lambda$,$0.15\lambda$,$0.2\lambda$,$0.25\lambda$},
xticklabel style={
sloped like x axis={%
execute for upside down={\tikzset{anchor=north}},
reset nontranslations=false
},
anchor=south,
},
xticklabel={\small\pgfmathprintnumber{\tick}\si{\degree}},
xtick align=center,
grid=none,
axis y line = none,
]
\end{polaraxis}
\begin{smithchart}[
show origin,
width=20cm,
]
\addplot[mark=none,line width=2]
coordinates{
(1, 0) (1, 0.1) (1,0.2) (1,0.3) (1,0.4) (1,0.5) (1,0.5)
};
\addplot[mark=none,line width=0.5]
coordinates{
(1, 0) (-0.3, 0) % this one is not drawn outside!!!
};
\end{smithchart}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
结果如下：
组合 ZY 史密斯图可能也很有趣。为此，只需在最后一个之前插入此代码smithchart
\begin{smithchart}[
width=20cm,
ticks=none,
grid style={gray!10!white},
smithchart mirrored,
few smithchart ticks,
]
\end{smithchart}
结果
