如何避免方程式接触表格中的 h 线

Question

如果没有放大镜的话，你的方程式就无法读懂……

但这显然不是问题所在。为了使方程式至少稍微大一点，我建议减少列间距，省略表格开头和结尾的空格。此外，支柱 T 和 B 仅在一行中有方程式的行中产生影响，可以通过增加来简单地替换\arraystretch。使用array而不是tabular环境可以进一步简化您的 MWE。这样您就不必在每个方程式上写$符号了。

因此，要解决您的问题，剩下两个单元格。在以下环境中添加空行似乎是最简单的方法aligned：

\begin{aligned}
        ~\\[-2ex]    % <--- added empty line
        &\frac{2a_{9}^2}{(a_{3}-a_{10})(a_{3}-2a_{10})}V_{1}+a_{3}V_{3}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{7}+\frac{a_{3}a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{9}+V_{11},\\ &\frac{2a_{9}^{2}}{a_{10}(a_{3}-a_{10})(a_{3}-2a_{10})}V_{1}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{10}(a_{3}-a_{10})}V_{7}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{9}-V_{10}
        \\[-2ex]~   % <--- added empty line
        \end{aligned}

通过上述措施我获得：

完整的相关代码为：

\documentclass[fleqn,preprint,10pt]{elsarticle}
    \usepackage[margin=1in,left=0.75in,right=0.75in,showframe]{geometry}
    \usepackage{srcltx}
    \usepackage{mathrsfs}%for cursive font
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{breqn}%to automaticaly break math equation using \begin{dmath}.........\end{dmath}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{makecell}%this package can be used to create new line within table cell using \makecell{line 1 \\ line2}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{
    pdfstartview={XYZ null null 1.00},%to get pdf zoomed to 100% 
    colorlinks   = true,
    citecolor    = gray
    }%to assign color to hyperlink

    \begin{document}
\begin{flushleft}
      \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{
\newcommand\T{\rule{0pt}{3.6ex}} % Top strut
\newcommand\B{\rule[-3.6ex]{0pt}{0pt}} % Bottom strut
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2}%1.2
    \setlength{\tabcolsep}{3pt}
$    \begin{array}{@{}l|l|l@{}}
         \hline\hline
\text{Element } w_{i} \text{ in 1--dimensional sub--algebra} \Theta_{1}
    &   \text{Nor}\left(w_{i}\right)
        &   \mathscr{H}\left(w_{i}, w\right)\left(w\in\text{Nor}\left(w_{i}\right)/w_{i}\right)\\
         \hline\hline
w_{1}=\,a_{3}V_{3}+a_{9}V_{9}+a_{10}V_{10}+V_{11}
    &   \begin{aligned}
        ~\\[-2ex]
        &\frac{2a_{9}^2}{(a_{3}-a_{10})(a_{3}-2a_{10})}V_{1}+a_{3}V_{3}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{7}+\frac{a_{3}a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{9}+V_{11},\\ &\frac{2a_{9}^{2}}{a_{10}(a_{3}-a_{10})(a_{3}-2a_{10})}V_{1}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{10}(a_{3}-a_{10})}V_{7}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{9}-V_{10}
        \\[-2ex]~
        \end{aligned}
    &   \begin{aligned}\mathscr{H}_{1}\left(w_{1},
            \frac{2a_{9}^2}{(a_{3}-a_{10})(a_{3}-2a_{10})}V_{1}+a_{3}V_{3}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{7}+\frac{a_{3}a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{9}+V_{11}\right),\\\mathscr{H}_{1}^{\prime}\left(w_{1},
         \frac{2a_{9}^{2}}{a_{10}(a_{3}-a_{10})(a_{3}-2a_{10})}V_{1}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{10}(a_{3}-a_{10})}V_{7}+\frac{a_{9}}{a_{3}-a_{10}}V_{9}-V_{10}\right)
         \end{aligned}\\
         \hline
w_{2}=\,a_{3}V_{3}+V_{10}
    &   V_{3}, V_{10}&\mathscr{H}_{2}(w_{2}, V_{3})\\
         \hline
w_{3}=a_{{2}}V_{{2}}+V_{{3}}+a_{{5}}V_{{5}}+a_{{8}}V_{{8}}+a_{{9}}V_{{9}}+V_{{10}}
    &   V_{3}+V_{10}, \frac{a_{2}}{a_{9}}V_{2}+\frac{a_{2}a_{5}-a_{2}a_{8}-2a_{8}a_{9}}{a_{2}a_{9}}V_{5}+V_{9}, \frac{a_{2}+2a_{9}}{a_{2}}V_{5}+V_{8},V_{4}
        &   \mathscr{H}_{3}\left(w_{3}, V_{4}\right)\\
         \hline
w_{4}=V_{{3}}+a_{{4}}V_{{4}}+a_{{5}}V_{{5}}+a_{{8}}V_{{8}}+a_{{9}}V_{{9}}+V_{{10}}
    &   V_{5}, V_{4}, V_{3}+V_{10}, \frac{a_{8}}{a_{9}}V_{8}+V_{9}
        &   {Null}\\
         \hline
w_{5}=\frac{1}{2}V_{3}+a_{6}V_{6}+V_{10}
    &   \frac{1}{3}V_{3}+V_{10}, V_{6}
        &   {Null}\\
         \hline
w_{6}=a_{{1}}V_{{1}}+2\,V_{{3}}+V_{{10}}
    &   2V_{3}+V_{10}, V_{1}
        &   Null    \\
         \hline
w_{7}=a_{3}V_{3}+V_{7}
    &   V_{3}, V_{7}&{Null}\\
         \hline
w_{8}=V_{2}+a_{5}V_{5}+a_{6}V_{6}+V_{9}
    &   a_{5}V_{4}+3V_{5}+V_{8}+a_{6}V_{11},V_{2}+a_{5}V_{5}+a_{6}V_{6}+V_{9}, 3V_{4}+a_{6}V_{7}, V_{1}
        &   \mathscr{H}_{8}^{(1)}\left(w_{1},a_{5}V_{4}+3V_{5}+V_{8}+a_{6}V_{11}\right), \mathscr{H}_{8}^{(2)}\left(w_{1},3V_{4}+a_{6}V_{7}\right), \mathscr{H}_{8}^{(3)}\left(w_{1},V_{1}\right)\\
         \hline
w_{9}=a_{4}V_{4}+a_{5}V_{5}+a_{6}V_{6}+a_{8}V_{8}+V_{9}
    &   (a_{5}a_{8}-a_{4})V_{4}-a_{6}V_{6}+a_{6}a_{8}V_{11}, a_{4}V_{4}+a_{6}V_{6}+a_{8}V_{8}+V_{9}, 2V_{4}+a_{6}V_{7}, V_{5}, V_{1}
        &   \begin{aligned}
            ~\\[-2ex]
            &\mathscr{H}_{9}^{(1)}\left(w_{1},(a_{5}a_{8}-a_{4})V_{4}-a_{6}V_{6}+a_{6}a_{8}V_{11}\right), \mathscr{H}_{9}^{(2)}\left(w_{1}, a_{4}V_{4}+a_{6}V_{6}+a_{8}V_{8}+V_{9}\right),\\ &\mathscr{H}_{9}^{(3)}\left(w_{1}, 2V_{4}+a_{6}V_{7}\right), \mathscr{H}_{9}^{(4)}\left(w_{1}, V_{5}\right), \mathscr{H}_{9}^{(5)}\left(w_{1}, V_{1}\right)
            \\[-2ex]~
            \end{aligned}\\
         \hline
    \end{array}$
}
\captionof{table}{Two dimensional sub--algebra from normalizer.}
    \label{table3}
\end{flushleft}
    \end{document}

如您所见，我还将列类型从更改c为l。这给出了我更喜欢的形式，并且对方程式的垂直间距没有任何影响。

编辑： 除了上述解决方案之外，还有更多可能的替代方案。例如：

不要使用垂直线，而是\hline使用\toprule,\midrule和\bottomrule来自booktabs包
而是array使用带有或行和或列类型的mdwtab包。hlx{vhv}\hlx{vvhvv}McMl

在这种情况下，您不需要在多行方程中使用空行。

Answer 1